《水图》与“水之道”——马远《水图》的启示

马远《水图》是承北宋重观察、尚理法,又结合南宋特有的社会风尚的产物,其涵盖江、河、湖不同时节下的风貌,是罕见的纯粹专注于水的系列作品,并在后世演变成教科书式的指导图册。《水图》中波浪的外形、形式与空间关系诠释了深刻的自然造型规律,对今人的创作依然有举足轻重的影响与意义。

中国画“留白”技法在标志设计中的应用研究——以马远《水图》为例

宋人绘画注重“道”与“理”的思考,画面追求“韵”和“逸”,导致南宋绘画的留白面积扩大。马远作为中国山水画发展的一位名流人物,是留白意境和截景构图的重要推崇者。分析马远《水图》留白技法的源渊,通过比较法解读蕴含于马远《水图》中章法、笔墨、意境的留白美,在此基础上提炼和概括留白技法在标志设计中的方法,并分别对应其方法提出了几种标志设计的应用。旨在促进中国传统哲学及美学精神与当代视觉化设计的结合,为传承中国传统审美精神拓宽道路。

马远《水图》与杉本博司《海景》的艺术语言及审美内涵的关系

当代日本著名摄影大师杉本博司很喜欢我国南宋画家马远的绘画,更是在采访中提及他的作品《海景》曾受到马远《水图》的影响。本文立足于两位艺术家的代表作《水图》和《海景》,阐释两者之间的艺术语言和审美内涵的关系,分析两者内在的相似与差异。

浅析马远《水图》的传统符号对当代工笔花鸟画的影响

中国当代工笔花鸟画摆脱了传统花鸟题材的局限,语言层面强调传统的精神体验而不是枯燥的临摹,传统符号在画家审美重构中重新被认知。本文重点对马远《水图》中＂水＂的代表性符号进行阐释,当代工笔花鸟画家秦艾、陈小琴将＂水＂传统符号转化更得理性和观念化,绘画题材和画面图式都有新的创新,作品呈现传统的精神脉络。

宋元山水画中的水隐喻——以南宋马远的《水图》绘画为例

古人认为,通过观察自然现象可以获得人生智慧的体悟,自然具有与人类相似的价值观念及道德品性。伴随着中国艺术史的发展,从北宋到南宋,山水画经历了一个重要的转变,即从写实再现转向自我表现,中国山水画的主流从关注外物转而关注内心之道。在自然中获得人世间对道义的认识与人格的感悟,人将精神多寄付于自然山水。中国传统文化赋予了水以灵动、绵延、随和的精神特征。水,也成为了生命永恒、道德澄明的象征。同时,水也是美的象征,如:山水画中水面行舟,水岸丘壑,茂密的树林隐于烟云之中,情景交融。

Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Multi-scale Adversarial Network

In this study,an underwater image enhancement method based on multi-scale adversarial network was proposed to solve the problem of detail blur and color distortion in underwater images.Firstly,the local features of each layer were enhanced into the global features by the proposed residual dense block,which ensured that the generated images retain more details.Secondly,a multi-scale structure was adopted to extract multi-scale semantic features of the original images.Finally,the features obtained from the dual channels were fused by an adaptive fusion module to further optimize the features.The discriminant network adopted the structure of the Markov discriminator.In addition,by constructing mean square error,structural similarity,and perceived color loss function,the generated image is consistent with the reference image in structure,color,and content.The experimental results showed that the enhanced underwater image deblurring effect of the proposed algorithm was good and the problem of underwater image color bias was effectively improved.In both subjective and objective evaluation indexes,the experimental results of the proposed algorithm are better than those of the comparison algorithm.

Rapid Constructing a Genetic Linkage Map by AFLP Technique and Mapping a New Gene tms5

In this study, we reported the repaid construction of a molecular marker linkage map of rice (Oryza sativa L.). An F-2 population from the cross between Annong S-1 and Nanjing 11 was used to construct a genetic linkage map of rice. Total of 142 newly screened AFLP markers and 30 anchor markers (25 SSR markers and 5 RFLP markers) were mapped on the 12 chromosomes covering 1537.4 cM of rice genome. The average interval between these markers was 9.0 cM. The total work which usually was finished in more than one year was finished within only 3 months by one person. This is the first plant AFLP map developed in China. A new thermosensitive genic male sterile gene in rice, tms5, was Egged and mapped onto chromosome 2 during the development of the linkage map.

The runoff characteristics and harmonic analysis of the soil moisture dynamics in Robinia pseudoacacia stand

Robinia pseudoacacia stands act as a typical ecological protection forest in hilly semi-arid area of China. Two fields of surface runoff were separately set up in R. pseudoacacia stand and its clearcut area in the western Liaoning Province (1850-12225 E, 4024-4234 N) for measuring the characteristics of runoff and sediment as well as soil moisture dynamics. Contractive analysis of the two land types showed that there existed a significant difference in volumes of runoff and sediment between the sites of R. pseudoacacia stand and its clearcut area. The runoff volume and sediment volume in clearcut area were much bigger than those in R. pseudoacacia stand, with an increase amount of 40%-177% for runoff and 180%-400% for sediment. Hydrograph of surface runoff of typical rainfall showed that the peak value of runoff in R. pseudoacacia stand was decreased by 1.0-2.5?0-3m3s-1 compared with that in its clearcut area, and the occurring time of peak value of runoff in R. pseudoacacia stand was 10-20 min later than that in its clearcut area. Harmonic analysis of soil moisture dynamics indicated that the soil moisture in R. pseudoacacia stand was 2.3 % higher than that in clearcut area, and the soil moisture both in R. pseudoacacia stand and its clearcut area could be divided into dry season and humid season and varied periodically with annual rainfall precipitation. It was concluded that R. pseudoacacia stand plays a very important role in storing water, increasing soil moisture, and reducing surface runoff and soil erosion.

Phase equilibrium of CaSO_4Ca(OH)_2-H_2O system

In order to provide the theoretical guidance for applying the neutralization method to treatment of heavy metals wastewater with high concentration of sulfate, and to better understand the mechanism of calcium sulfate scale formation, the equilibrium solubility data of CaSOa-Ca（OH）2-H2O system at 298.15 K were theoretically calculated via the Pitzer semi-empirical ion-interaction theory, and determined experimentally by the optical method combining with X-ray diffractometry, and the calculated and determined phase diagrams of CaSOa-Ca（OH）2-H2O system were plotted and compared. Physical definition of each area was studied, and the physical law of characteristic point and line was explained in detail. Adjusting the pH value of neutralization-hydrolysis solution depended on the SO4z- concentration in the system. And interaction characteristics between the solubilities of CaSO4（s）and Ca（OH）2（s）were found out.

Research on Optimized Equipment System with Computer Aid for Water Purification

This paper describes pure water making equipment by using applicable datebase, computer languages and drawing software. It gives a general introduction to the systematic designing plan, the division of the different parts and their functions, and the pure water making technological process.

Resource allocation based on fairness and QoS provisioning for OFDMA-WLAN system

To satisfy different service requirements of multiple users in the orthogo nal frequency division multiple access wireless local area network OFDMA-WLAN system downlink transmission a resource allocation algorithm based on fairness and quality of service QoS provisioning is proposed. Different QoS requirements are converted into different rate requirements to calculate the QoSs atisfaction level.The optimization object is revised as a fairness-driven resource optimization function to provide fairness. The complex resource allocation problem is divided into channel allocation and power assignment sub-problems. The sub-problems are solved by the bipartite graph matching and water-filling based method.Compared with other algorithms the proposed algorithm sacrifices less data rate for higher fairnes and QoS satisfaction.The sim ulation results show that the proposed algorithm is capableo fp rovi ding QoS and fairness and performs better in a tradeoff among QoS fairness and data rate.

A Low-Power-Consumption 9bit 10MS/s Pipeline ADC for CMOS Image Sensors

A low-power-consumption 9bit 10MS/s pipeline ADC,used in a CMOS image sensor,is proposed. In the design, the decrease of power consumption is achieved by applying low-power-consumption and large-output-swing amplifiers with gain boost structure, and biasing all the cells with the same voltage bias source, which requires careful layout design and large capacitors. In addition,capacitor array DAC is also applied to reduce power consumption,and low threshold voltage MOS transistors are used to achieve a large signal processing range. The ADC was implemented in a 0.18μm 4M-1 P CMOS process,and the experimental results indicate that it consumes only 7mW, which is much less than general pipeline ADCs. The ADC was used in a 300000 pixels CMOS image sensor.

An Approach to Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Image Structural Decomposition

Underwater imaging posts a challenge due to the degradation by the absorption and scattering occurred during light propagation as well as poor lighting conditions in water medium Although image filtering techniques are utilized to improve image quality effectively, problems of the distortion of image details and the bias of color correction still exist in output images due to the complexity of image texture distribution. This paper proposes a new underwater image enhancement method based on image struc- tural decomposition. By introducing a curvature factor into the Mumford_Shah_G decomposition algorithm, image details and struc- ture components are better preserved without the gradient effect. Thus, histogram equalization and Retinex algorithms are applied in the decomposed structure component for global image enhancement and non-uniform brightness correction for gray level and the color images, then the optical absorption spectrum in water medium is incorporate to improve the color correction. Finally, the en- hauced structure and preserved detail component are re.composed to generate the output. Experiments with real underwater images verify the image improvement by the proposed method in image contrast, brightness and color fidelity.

Effects of Saline Administration, Abdominal Compression, and Prolongation of Acquisition Delay on Image Quality Improvement of CT Urography

Objective To retrospectively evaluate the effects of saline administration following contrast material injection, abdominal compression and two delay phase acquisition on image quality improvement of computed tomographic urography (CTU). Methods Medical records and informed consents of patients were obtained. In totally 122 patients (50 men, 72 women), two delay phase images with CTU were performed. Scans began simultaneously with a contrast bolus injection of 100 mL (300 mgI/mL) followed by a saline bolus injection of 100 mL at a rate of 5 mL/s. Two delay phase images were taken at 400 and 550 seconds for each patient. Examinations were taken by using abdominal compression or not. The distention and opacification of the urinary tract were evaluated by two interpreters together on transverse images and post-processing images. Effects of four techniques (saline administration and abdominal compression, saline administration only, compression only, and neither saline administration nor compression) and two delay phase acquisition on image quality improvement were analysed by using ANOVA and Chi-square test. Results Saline administration improved opacification (P<0.05) and increased overall image quality (P<0.01) of the intrarenal collecting system and proximal ureter. Abdominal compression (P<0.05) and delayed phase image acquisition of 550 seconds (P<0.01) all improved distention of the intrarenal collecting system and proximal ureter but did not improve opacification. No statistically significant effects on the distal ureter were found. However, there were more visualized distal ureteral segments with the longer imaging delay. Conclusion Saline administration, abdominal compression and longer imaging delays are all effective in improving image quality of 64-detector row CTU.

Turbo-Based DNW Algorithm for Compressed Video in VLC Domain

In order to improve the robustness of the differential number watermarking (DNW) algorithm proposed by us before, we proposed turbo-based DNW (T-DNW) in which the turbo code was employed in the DNW algorithm. The turbo code was used to encode the message prior to watermark embedding and decode the watermark posterior to watermark detection. From the analysis and experiments, the following conclusion could be drawn. The T-DNW algorithm has little higher computational complexity than DNW. And both algorithms have the same performance in terms of watermark visual quality impact. Furthermore, the T-DNW algorithm is much more robust against some common attack than DNW. Although the T-DNW algorithm sacrifices a half payload, we think the achievements are encouraging.

Semi-Fragile Audio Watermarking Algorithm in DWT Domain

A novel semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm in DWT domain is proposed in this paper.This method transforms the original audio into 3-layer wavelet domain and divides approximation wavelet coefficients into many groups.Through computing mean quantization of per group,this algorithm embeds the watermark signal into the average value of the wavelet coefficients.Experimental results show that our semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm is not only inaudible and robust against various common images processing,but also fragile to malicious modification.Especially,it can detect the tampered regions effectively.

Dam-break Flood Simulation under Various Likely Scenarios and Mapping Using GIS:Case of a Proposed Dam on River Yamuna,India

The precision modeling of dam break floods can lead to formulation of proper emergency action plan to minimize flood impacts within the economic lifetime of the assets.Application of GIS techniques in integration with hydrological modeling for mapping of the flood inundated areas can play a momentous role in further minimizing the risk and likely damages.In the present study,dam break analysis using DAMBRK model was performed under various likely scenarios.Probable Maximum Flood (PMF)calculated for a return period of 1000 years using deterministic approach was adopted for dam break analysis of the proposed dam under various combinations of breach dimensions.The available downstream river cross-sections data sets were used as input in the model to generate the downstream flood profile.Dam break flow depths generated by the DAMBRK model under various combinations of structural failure are subsequently plotted on Digital Elevation Model(DEM)of the downstream of dam site to map the likely affected area.The simulation results reveals that in one particular case the flood without dam may be more intense if a rainfall of significant intensity takes place.

A New Pullulan-Producing Yeast and Medium Optimization for Its Exopolysaccharide Production

Yeast strain Y68 producing high level of pullulan was isolated from the phyton collected in Toulouse, France. This strain was identified to be Rhodotorula bacarum by BIOLOG analysis. This is the first report that pullulan was produced by Rhodotorula bacarum. The optimal medium (g L -1) for pullulan production by this strain was 80 glucose, 20 soybean cake hydrolysate, 5 K 2HPO 4, 1 NaCl, 0.2 MgSO 4·7H 2O, 0.6 (NH 4) 2SO 4, pH 7.0. Under this condition, 54 g L -1 pullulan was produced within 60 h at 30 ℃. Pullulan is a better starting material for producing marine prodrugs.

Underwater Image Bidirectional Matching for Localization Based on SIFT

For the purpose of identifying the stern of the SWATH （Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull） availably and perfecting the detection technique of the SWATH ship＇s performance, this paper presents a novel bidirectional image registration strategy and mosaicing technique based on the scale invariant feature transform （SIFT） algorithm. The proposed method can help us observe the stern with a great visual angle for analyzing the performance of the control fins of the SWATH. SIFT is one of the most effective local features of the scale, rotation and illumination invariant. However, there are a few false match rates in this algorithm. In terms of underwater machine vision, only by acquiring an accurate match rate can we find an underwater robot rapidly and identify the location of the object. Therefore, firstly, the selection of the match ratio principle is put forward in this paper; secondly, some advantages of the bidirectional registration algorithm are concluded by analyzing the characteristics of the unidirectional matching method. Finally, an automatic underwater image splicing method is proposed on the basis of fixed dimension, and then the edge of the image＇s overlapping section is merged by the principal components analysis algorithm. The experimental results achieve a better registration and smooth mosaicing effect, demonstrating that the proposed method is effective.

Normalized edge detection, and the horizontal extent and depth of geophysical anomalies

Edge detection is an image processing technique for finding the boundaries of objects within images. It is typically used to interpret gravity and magnetic data, and find the horizontal boundaries of geological bodies. Large deviations between model and true edges are common because of the interference of depth and errors in computing the derivatives; thus, edge detection methods cannot provide information about the depth of the source. To simultaneously obtain the horizontal extent and depth of geophysical anomalies, we use normalized edge detection filters, which normalize the edge detection function at different depths, and the maxima that correspond to the location of the source. The errors between model and actual edges are minimized as the depth of the source decreases and the normalized edge detection method recognizes the extent of the source based on the maxima, allowing for reliable model results. We demonstrate the applicability of the normalized edge detection filters in defining the horizontal extent and depth using synthetic and actual aeromagnetic data.