《水龙》的艺术魅力从何而来

长篇小说《水龙》的艺术魅力来源于三方面:一是在艺术结构上采用明断暗续的情节安排;二是对作品主要人物如水龙、赵嫱、水妹等的生存状态与情感经历予以精巧摹写;三是对体现人物活动背景的重庆民风民俗作出了浓墨重彩的细腻表现。

巴渝大地上的清明上河图——管窥长篇小说《水龙》中20世纪上半叶的重庆民俗文化

重庆作家王雨的力作《水龙》问世后,颇受读者的欢迎和媒体的好评。这是一部极富民俗风情和地域特色的长篇小说,无异于巴渝大地上的清明上河图,可读性很强,耐人寻味。本文从巴渝景观、建筑曲艺、宴饮婚丧和号子民谣四个大的方面,分析了小说中蕴含的丰富而多元的地域民俗文化意蕴。以小说文本来看地域文化,越是地域的越是民族的,越是乡土的越是世界的,这在《水龙》中有着鲜明的体现。

重庆本土长篇小说《水龙》的魅力透视——兼谈其创作之得失

重庆作家王雨2005年推出新作《水龙》,近年来在读者中引起了广泛的影响。这是一部可读性很强的耐人寻味的长篇小说。本文运用叙事学理论对小说进行分析与透视,并紧密结合文本对传统章回小说的借鉴和发展,以及对巴渝地域民俗文化的全方面展示,对其创作得失作些分析,挖掘这部小说的多重魅力,看看究竟是哪些因子使《水龙》在新世纪之初深得读者的青睐。

巴渝大地上的“清明上河图”——长篇小说《水龙》中蕴含的20世纪上半叶的重庆民俗文化

重庆作家王雨的力作《水龙》是一部极富民俗风情和地域特色的长篇小说,本文从巴渝景观、建筑曲艺、宴饮婚丧和号子民谣四个方面,分析了小说中蕴含的丰富而多元的地域民俗文化特征。

《水龙经》自然水格的科学分析

《水龙经》对平洋地区的自然水形分成干支水、曲水、界水、聚水、反跳水五大类型。该五类水与人居利害紧密,吉凶分明。干支与人口和洪涝有关。曲水的内弓和外弓的吉凶问题是源于水流对河岸的持续冲刷与堆积。界水以顺水环抱为吉,以斜飞无情为凶。聚水对于调节小气候、洪水峰值、火灾扑救、交通运输和构成生态系统等具有极大的意义。反跳水则因远离和直冲而成凶水。可见,所有水格皆有利有弊,无非权重不同。

关于《水龙峪》与《水龙吟》的比较研究

西安距东北有千里之遥。然而流行在西安的《水龙峪》(西安鼓乐曲)却与流行在东北的《水龙吟》(东北鼓吹乐曲)极其相似。这是一种极其有趣的艺术现象,耐人寻味。本文对此现象进行了深入的比较研究。

水龙记事

每每看到消防车长鸣着警笛如一阵红色的狂飚风驰电掣般闪过的时候,我记忆的闸门总会刹时开启,回想起儿时家乡的水龙来。 我的童年是在一座青石板铺 就街面的小城中度过的。在小街鳞次栉比夹道而立的店铺门面中央,有一间大门整天洞开着的老房,老房里放着一台黑乎乎的庞然大物,那便是被父老乡亲们啧啧赞叹且肃然起敬的水龙了。记忆中的水龙及它的老房总是神秘兮兮的——包括门口亭子间两旁长凳上终日不断的值班人,门口墙壁上“水龙重地,旁人止步”的告示及夜深人静之时亭子里那红光闪烁的两盏红灯笼。说来真好笑,“什么时候让我走进那重地亲眼去看看水龙的模样?”居然一度成为我童年的梦想。

Survey of breeding populations of the Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) in the Songnen Plain,northeastern China

With the support of the UNEP/GEF Siberian Crane Wetland Project,a five-year field survey of breeding waterbirds was conducted in four nature reserves - Zhalong,Keerqin,Xianghai and Momoge National Nature Reserves in the Songnen Plain for the period from May 2004 to August 2008.The purpose of the survey was to improve our understanding of the distribution and populations of breeding waterbirds in this area.The Red-crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) was the most important target species.Our survey results confirm that the Zhalong wetland is the largest breeding ground for the Red-crowned cranes in the Songnen Plain.Over 90％ of the breeding birds were found in Zhalong,with numbers fluctuating from 112 to 275 over the years.Reed (Phragmites australis) is the most important plant species associated with breeding locations of this bird species.Water supply to the wetland can relieve pressure from deterioration of wetland habitats for the breeding of Red-crowned cranes.However,a sound scientific basis for the water supply mechanism is the key to better management of their habitat and a prerequisite for ensuring the breeding success of the Red-crowned Crane.

未及倾诉,心已先醇 评王雨中短篇小说集《十八梯》

王雨的中短篇小说集《十八梯》,新近由重庆出版社出版,引起读者关注和学界好评。王雨以创作《填四川》《开埠》《碑》《水龙》《飞越太平洋》等多部长篇小说成名,但他的起步是中短篇小说。由于篇幅所限,中短篇小说要求叙事简洁,情节生动,好看耐读,追求人物与故事的和谐。而王雨正是编织人物、故事的高手。他不论是写时代舞台造就的特殊人物,还是写历史沧桑导致的个体命运,都有一个起伏跌岩、发人深思的故事。

Breeding of High-quality Soft-grain Indica CMS Line Longfeng A

Longfeng A, derived from the cross of Bo A/（Zhenshan 97B/Bo B F1//Bo B/Gui 2 F1）, is a new high-quality indica CMS line with soft-grain characteristics in cooking rice. The CMS line is characterized by good agronomic traits, complete pol en sterility, stale fertility, favorable outcrossing habits, high combining ability and good grain quality. It was technical y identified by Guangxi Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in June, 2013.

Variation Characteristics of Water Budget Condition of Heilongjiang Province in Recent 50 Years

Based on the 1961-2010 weather data from 65 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province, using the statistic software and GIS, the change characteristics of water budget, including the precipitation, reference evapotranspiration and water budget in the whole year and the temperature-defined growing season, were analyzed. The results indicated that the both the precipitation during the whole year and that of during the temperature-defined growing season from 1961 to 2010 all decreased, while the annual reference evapotranspiration decreased, but the reference evapotranspiration during the temperature-defined growing season presented an increasing trend. The water resources were generally characterized by water deficit, especially in the beginning of 21 st .

PIONEER PLANTS FOR ECOSYSTEM RECOVERY IN DRAINAGE BASIN OF ERLONGSHAN RESERVOIR IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA

This article reveals the ecological features and the theories and methods of introducing pioneer plants in the process of eco-restoring in different degenerative ecosystems in the drainage basin of Erlongshan Reservoir in Heilongjiang Province by systemically studying the deteriorative ecosystems and using recovery theory. The study shows that with the rise in degenerative degrees of the ecosystems, bio-species and bio-diversity sharply decrease in the study area and microclimate becomes warmer and drier in natural ecosystem. Therefore, we must attach importance to the construction of plants and biodiversity. In the study, different pioneer plants are selected for different degenerative ecosystems to restore and maintain the service functions of the ecosystems.

Stroke optimization of a novel multi-station rotary polishing robot based on workspace analysis

In order to meet the polishing requirement of faucets and other products,a novel multi-station rotary polishing robot is designed,which is a PPPR + RR type of degree of freedom( DOF) distribution structure,and is similar to dual-arm robot. Forward and inverse kinematic analysis is carried out by robot modeling. In order to make this robot structure more compact,first of all,X,Y and Z three moving degrees of freedom( DOF) limit stroke polishing need is calculated by using an artificial fish swarm algorithm,which analyzes dexterous workspace of this robot. Then,on the basis of the above analysis,the three DOF stroke is optimized. Simulation and polishing experimental results verify that this polishing robot with optimized stroke parameters can meet the polishing needs of faucets and other bathroom pieces.

Heavy Metal Contamination of Well Water in the Kipushi Mining Town （Democratic Republic of Congo）

Concentrations of eleven heavy metals （AI, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn） and pH determination in water from nine spade-sunk wells of 2-15 meter depth, five drilled wells of 30-72 meter depth, and two water supply faucets in the Kipushi mining town, south-east of the Democratic Republic of Congo, were investigated from February to July 2011. The results were compared with the World Health Organization （WHO） drinking water pH and heavy metal guidelines. Mean concentrations of Pb in water from four spade-sunk wells and three drilled wells, those of A1 and Fe in water from four and two spade-sunk wells, and those of Cd in water from four drilled wells were higher than the WHO drinking water maximum permissible contaminant limits of 0.01 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, 0.3 mg/L and 0.003 mg/L respectively, probably due to the mining activities carried out in Kipushi for about 90 years. The pH mean values of water from five spade-sunk wells and three drilled wells were lower than the WHO drinking water pH optimum of 6.5-9.5, suggesting that the water from those eight wells was not conform to the chemical quality of water for human consumption.

Characteristics of nutrients in the Jiulong River and its impact on Xiamen Water, China

Water samples were collected at 20 sites on 4 occasions in 2009 （twice in May, and once in both August and November） along the Jiulong River, South China to examine how nutrient inputs from the Jiulong River could affect the nutrient status of the Xiamen Water. Samples were analyzed for nitrite （NO2-N）, nitrate （NO3-N）, ammonium （NH4-N）, phosphate （PO4-P）, silicate （SiO3-Si）, salinity, and temperature, to determine the nutrient and trophic status of the river. The results indicate that nutrients are derived mainly from river runoff. NO3-N was the main form of DIN in most parts of the river. In addition, NO3-N, DIN, and SiO3-Si behave conservatively. There is a surplus of DIN and SiO3-Si in the river, and PO4-P is a limitation on phytoplankton growth. The concentration of DIN is typically above 0.60 mg/dm3, and higher than 1.00 mg/dm3 in most parts of the river. The concentration of PO4-P is typically above 0.02 mg/dm3, while the concentration of SiO3-Si is higher than 1.00 rag/din3. Between 2003 and 2008, samples were collected 3 times per year （May, August and November） at 27 sites in the Xiamen Water and analyzed for NO2-N, NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, salinity, and temperature. We discovered that the Jiulong River was the key source of DIN into the Xiamen Water, but not PO4-P, indicating the reason of the N/P molar ratio imbalance in the Xiamen Water. In the future, the effects of high DIN concentrations on the phytoplankton communities and marine ecosystems of the Xiamen Water shall be studied.

Impact of Wastewaters on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Waters： Case Study of the Rhumel River, Hammam Grouz and Beni Haroun Dams

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the physico-chemical qualities and the organic pollution of two dams--Hammam Grouz and Beni-Haroun, as well as that of Rhumel river. The latter, which feeds the dams is an important water source in the geographical region of the Constantinois. The presence of the stations of filtration and purification has not been sufficient to minimize the effect of the waste discharges released from various agglomerations. Five site points were selected in strategic locations where samples have been collected monthly during 2009. Multiple physico-chemical assessments have been conducted. The parameters determined have revealed that the quality of waters for the two dams is fair. The level of organic pollution is more pronounced in the waters of Hammam Grouz dam compared to that of Beni Haroun. This may be attributed to animal debris--very important organic content, which is a characteristic of the peripheral waters of the first dam （Hammam Grouz）. On the other hand, the waters of the Rhumel river were assessed of mediocre quality, reflecting the presence of organic pollution.

THE LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTAND PLANNING IN THE CONTROL WATERSHED BY RESERVOIR OF ERLONG MOUNTAIN

Based on the theories of landscape ecology, landscape eco environment in the control watershed by reservoir of Erlong Mountain in Heilongjiang Province was analyzed and assessed by using GIS technique and statistical model of Principal Component Analysis and Spatial Cluster Analysis. It is found that 100.08km2(36%)of the total area is in the state of kilter,85.73km2(31%)of the total area is in the state of general,and 47.26km2(17%)and 15.48km2(16%)is in the relatively poor state and ideal state. According to landscape ecological structure,there are three landscape function areas being planned and designed. 1) Agricultural landscape function area: its developmental direction is tour agriculture and high benefit agriculture. 2) Eco environment protected function area:the direction of development and utilization of this region is to develop vigorously forest for soil and water conservation, and try to increase the rate of vegetation cover. 3) Forest landscape function area: rational cut and utilization of forest resources, space optimization disposal of category of forest, foster of forest and protection of wildwood will become the main development directions for this region. This study trys to provide scientific foundation for ecological restoration of the whole valley and its sustainable development.

Dynamics of phytoplankton communities in the Jiangdong Reservoir of Jiulong River,Fujian,South China

Phytoplankton blooms occurring in the Jiangdong Reservoir of Jiulong River,Fujian Province,South China,are a potential source of contamination of the drinking water of Xiamen(Amoy)City.To understand the main factors governing phytoplankton composition and succession,we sampled phytoplankton and measured environmental parameters in the reservoir,weekly or biweekly from Jan.2010 to Feb.2012.We identifi ed 123 species of phytoplankton from 7 phyla and 74 genera.The major phyla were Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta,Cryptophyta,Cyanophyta,and Dinophyta.The main trend in the succession of phytoplankton was from prevalence of Cryptophyta-Bacillariophyta communities to those of Chlorophyta-Cyanophyta.High cell concentrations of Cryptophyta,predominantly Komma caudate,Cryptomonas marssonii,and Cryptomonas erosa,were present in winter,associated with low river discharge and cold water.Bacillariophyta,primarily Cyclotella meneghiniana,Aulacoseira granulata,and Aulacoseira granulata var.angustissima,dominated in early spring,coinciding with high turbulence and low irradiance.During early summer and autumn,Chlorophyta,comprising Scenedesmus quadricauda,Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergianum,and Pandorina sp.were prevalent during conditions of warmer water temperatures and low turbulence.Cyanophyta,with dominance of Pseudanabaena mucicola,Merismopedia tenuissima and Raphidiopsis sp.increased throughout the summer,coinciding with higher water temperatures and lower nutrient concentrations.Dinophyta content was occasionally high during winter and summer.Peridiniopsis penardii(Dinophyta)bloomed during winter 2009,with a persistently high biomass recorded into early spring.Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that phytoplankton communities were infl uenced by river discharge,irradiance,water temperature,and nutrient concentrations.

Overall-effective Measures for Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Coastal Areas of Shandong Province, China——Case Study: the Huangshuihe River Catchment of Longkou City

In the coastal catchments of Shandong Province the water scarcity is aggravated due to saltwater intrusion, reducing the usability of water resources available. Such a situation calls for sustainable integrated water resources management (IWRM). The idea for the objectives and implementation of the IWRM are explained in this paper. The general objective of the planned project disscussed in the present study is to bring together German traditional expertise in water resources management and newer developments in the context of the European Water Framework Directive; the research efforts aim to relieve the desperate water scarcity situation in the costal area of Shandong Province.

A Combined System for Biological Removal of Nitrogen and Carbon from Nylon-6 Production Wastewater

A combined system consisting of hydrolysis acidification, denitrification and nitrification reactors was used to remove carbon and nitrogen from the nylon - 6 production wastewater, which was characterized by good biodegradability and high nitrogen concentration. The influences of Chemical Oxygen Demand （COD） in the influent, recirculation ratio, Hydraulic Residence Time （HRT） and Dissolved Oxygen （DO） concentration on the system performances were investigated. From results it could be seen that good performances have been achieved during the overall experiments periods, and COD, Total Nitrogen （TN）, NH^＋ -N and Suspended Solids （SS） in the effluent were 53, 16, 2 and 24 mg· L^-1, respectively, which has satisfied the first standard of wastewater discharge established by Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） of China. Furthermore, results showed that operation factors, viz. COD in the influent, recirculation ratio, HRT and DO concentration, all had important influences on the system performances.