复方沙棘1号颗粒对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机理探讨

目的 :研究复方沙棘 1号颗粒对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及机理。方法 :线栓法制作局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型 ,检测脑梗塞体积比、血清MDA含量、血清SOD和GSH Px活性 ,并观察行为学改变。结果 :大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血清MDA含量和脑梗塞体积比显著增加 ,SOD和GSH Px活力明显下降。复方沙棘 1号可有效地防止上述改变。结论 :复方沙棘 1号颗粒对脑缺血再灌注损伤有显著保护作用 ,这种保护作用可能与提高脑组织抗脂质氧化能力有关。

基于瑞士人群体质特点应用沙棘参芪颗粒加减治疗新型冠状病毒感染恢复期临证探析

对于新型冠状病毒感染(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)恢复期目前尚未有特效药物。笔者在瑞士期间应用自拟沙棘参芪颗粒治疗COVID-19恢复期患者,疗效显著。通过查阅文献以及整理回顾分析接诊的瑞士COVID-19恢复期患者临床资料,总结瑞士人体质特点及患病人群恢复期病证特点和原因,并列举3则以应用自拟沙棘参芪颗粒为主中医药治疗的相关案例进行分析和讨论。其中包括一则在瑞生活华人案例进行对比。瑞士人大多气阴两虚的体质基础决定了COVID-19恢复期患者患病特征及临床表现,病机以“正虚邪恋”为主,阴虚而湿邪不明显,且生活习惯导致出现“热盛伤津”证候。同时分析在瑞华人新型冠状病毒感染后恢复期病人,符合中医“湿毒疫”特征。以自拟沙棘参芪颗粒为主的中医药对瑞士COVID-19恢复期患者具有良好治疗作用,通过与在瑞华人受病对比,认为体质基础是决定疾病发生、发展的关键。

基于网络药理学探讨沙棘参芪颗粒增强免疫力的作用机制

目的基于网络药理学探讨沙棘参芪颗粒增强免疫力的活性成分及作用机制。方法采用网络药理学方法从中药系统药理学分析平台(Traditional Chinese medicine systematic pharmacological analysis platform,TCMSP)中获取与沙棘参芪颗粒相关的所有化学成分,筛选条件为药物口服生物利用度(Oral bioavailability,OB)≥30%,肠道吸收率(Caco-2 permeability,Caco-4)≥0.4,药物相似性(Drug-likeness,DL)≥0.18。通过TCMSP寻找与候选化合物相关抗疲劳的潜在靶点,并对靶点进行GO和KEGG富集分析,进而构建沙棘参芪颗粒增强免疫的“成分-靶点-通路-疾病”网络图。结果通过OB、Caco-4以及DL条件筛选,得出114个候选活性分子,增强免疫力靶点有143个,非疾病相关通路145条。其中7-O-甲基异琥珀酰氨醇(M27)与丹参酮ⅡA(M72)对应靶点最多,分别为45和42;GO和KEGG分析沙棘参芪颗粒主要参与生物调节,神经活性配体-受体相互作用以及长寿调节途径等。结论研究结果初步分析了沙棘参芪颗粒具有良好的增强免疫力,促进免疫调节的作用,为其进一步开发奠定了良好基础。

Effects of Different Water Stresses on Eco-physiological Characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides Seedlings

In order to examine the effects of the decrease of future precipitation on the eco-physiological characteristics of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.) in Huangfuchuan Watershed in Nei Mongol, a water gradient experiment was conducted based on the four specially designed water supply levels, including normal precipitation, slight drought, drought and extreme drought. Results of ANOVE showed that different water gradients had a significant effect on (1) microhabitat factors, such as soil water content and soil temperature; (2) gas exchange, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate; (3) resource use efficiency; and (4) leaf water potential. Water use efficiency of H rhamnoides could increase under moderate water stress, i.e. drought condition, while its net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate decreased. All kinds of eco-physiological characteristics proved H. rhamnoides seedlings under all water supplies were affected by water stress more or less and that mechanism of intrinsic physiological regulation in seedlings under the extreme drought conditions had the appearance of turbulence to a certain extent. Therefore, H rhamnoides seedlings in Huangfuchuan Watershed could not acclimate to extreme drought conditions.

基于瑞士人群体质特点的中医药治疗新冠病毒肺炎临证探析

目的介绍瑞士新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)患者的中医病证特点以及临床相关案例治疗经验。方法通过查阅文献以及整理回顾分析本门诊接诊的瑞士COVID-19患者临床资料,总结瑞士人体质特点及患病人群病证特点和原因,并列举三则中医药治疗的相关案例进行分析和讨论。其中包括一则在瑞生活华人案例进行对比。结果瑞士COVID-19患者气阴两虚体质决定了患病特征及临床表现,疾病各阶段“湿”邪贯穿始终但发病不典型,重症患者主要为年老多病者。同时分析在瑞华人体质,符合中医“湿毒疫”特征。结论中医药对瑞士COVID-19患者具有良好治疗作用,通过与在瑞华人受病对比,认为体质基础是决定疾病发生发展的关键。

Research on Rooting Cuttings of Hard Branch of Hippophae rhamnoides

Objective] In order to improve the survival rate of Hippophae rhamnoides hardwood cuttings, cultivate high-quality sea buckthorn seedlings. [Method] This pa-per took hard branches of Russian big fruit H. rhamnoides as material. The days of striking roots, rate of striking roots,root length and number of adventitious root were determined. [Result] The cuttings col ected from upper treetops were obviously inferi-or to the lower ones. Three years cutting is obviously better than one or two years. Cuttings from lower branches were not so good as the cuttings from upper branch-es. Base oblique incisions were clearly superior to paper-cover incision. The optimal length of cuttings was 20-25 cm. The rooting rate of cuttings was the highest by fast dipping with NAA of 50 mg/L. [Conclusion] The study provides theoretical basis for H. rhamnoides artificial cultivation.

Extracts from Chinese Seabuckthorn Berry Have Antimicrobial Activity in vitro

Chinese seabuckthorn berry contains functional components. The berry was extracted by ethanol-water solution. MTT assay and growth rate method were applied to determine antibacterial ability in vitro of the extract solution. The antibacterial and antifungal assay indicated that the extract exhibited different degree of inhibitory activity. The result showed that the extract at a concentration of 1 250 mg/L had the maximum inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibitory effect against B. subtilis was much larger than that against the other two bacterial species. MIC values(minimum inhibitory concentration) of the extract on three bacterial species were 5 000, 1 250, and 1 000 mg/L respectively. IC_(50)(50% inhibiting concentration) evaluation of Trichoderma viride, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum, and Vintage Red indicated that the berry had the strongest inhibitory effect against P. expansum(5 520 mg/L), while it had the weakest inhibitory effect against R. stolonifer(18 870 mg/L). The results proved that seabuckthorn berry had highly effective and comprehensive antimicrobial function.

A Dynamic Study of Some Biological Active Compounds in the Sea-Buckthorn （Hippophae rhamnoides.L） Berries

In Mongolia, the sea buckthorn is a nontraditional fruit crop. It has been being planted since 2000 in the Botanical garden of Medicinal plants of Monos group, Mongolia. The purpose of this study was to determine how to change biological active compounds in the Sea-buckthorn berries that depending on harvesting season and to describe which harvesting period is efficient to use. In 2013-2014, fruit samples were prepared from our botanical garden such as： Chuiskaya, Maslichnaya, Vitaminnaya, Oranjivaya, Obilniya and Red cultivars on their chemical composition depended from harvesting season. The chemical compositions of fruit were investigated from 19th August to 20th January. We determined total oil, organic acid contents, 13-carotenoid, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content and polysaccharide. The chemical contents were analyzed with the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, colorimetric assay, volume metric analysis method and spectrophotometric method. During the harvesting period, the chemical compositions of samples such as total oil content and polysaccharide content were increased and the contents of organic acid, beta carotenoid and ascorbic acid were decreased. From our study, we concluded that fruit biological active compounds depend from harvest time and it could be used to choose production of seabuckthom product types.

Plant Regeneration of Ziziphus spina-christi by in vivo and in vitro Methods

Christ's thorn (Ziziphus spina-christi L. Desf.) is ecologically and economically important in Iran. Since it is a cross-pollinated plant with a wide range of genetic variability, an investigation was carried out to determine the best method for mass and clonal propagation. Three vegetative methods were examined, including 1) cutting, where shoots with a 22-25 cm length and three shoot diameters were treated with two culture media; 2) layering, where air layering and trench layering treatments consisted of three growth regulators at three levels of concentration; and 3) tissue culture with nodal segments bearing axillary buds that were removed from shoots of mature trees at different seasons. Several experiments were carried out to determine the best disinfectant chemical, the best culture method, the best season, the appropriate explant characteristics and media type. Rooting was successful only on the sandy beds for cuttings with more than (S.O mm diameter. For the trench layering method, only one specimen in one replicate rooted a very small root, while for the air layering method, only seedlings with growth regulator treatments rooted successfully. The best season for explant harvesting was determined as mid summer, and among the disinfecting treatments, Ca(OCI)2 at a concentration of 0 5 g kg-1 for 20 minutes was the best. There were no significant differences for shoot weight and length with a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with and without a hormone.

Assessing Anthropogenic Pressure and Its Impact on Hippophae salicifolia Pockets in Central Himalaya,Uttarakhand

Natural habitat ofHippophae salicifolia in Central Himalaya is continuously being degraded due to habitat destruction and harvesting. Although logging is prohibited, habitat destruction has increased because of regular road construction, repairing and broadening activities. In addition, Hippophae resources are continuously being harvested by lopping （both partial and complete） for fuelwood, fodder and fruits in higher Himalayan region. This paper presents a detailed analysis of relationship between density, demographic structure, and harvesting of H. salicifolia growing pockets in the five major valleys （Gangotri, Yamunotri, Niti, Mana and Bhyundhar） of Uttarakhand in Central Himalaya, India. A total of 12o quadrats were laid randomly to study population structure, regeneration, sex ratio and lopping using quadrats of lOO m2 （a4 in each valley） in Hippophae growing patches. Our study shows that the density, size distribution, and regeneration of Hippophae vary considerably among the major valleys. Trees in the Yamunotri valley have the highest density of large trees but the lowest density of seedlings. In contrast, there are few large trees but many seedlings in the Mana valley. The number and size of lopped trees also varied among the valleys. Lopping was greatest in Bhyundhar （11.4%） and Yamunotri （19.7%） and least in Niti （3.9%）. The size of lopped trees differed substantially as well. In Bhyundhar, the largest trees were taken while saplings were taken in Yamunotri. Our study revealed that unsustainable harvesting from plants for fuel, fencing and fruits along with road broadening activities in Central Himalaya are the main cause ofhabitat destruction. Our research highlights the urgent need for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Hippophae salicifolia so that it＇s potential can be harnessed sustainably by rural hill societies for their socio-economic development.

五味沙棘散对慢性支气管炎模型抗炎和免疫作用的研究

目的:研究五味沙棘散对慢性支气管炎模型抗炎作用及对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法:观察五味沙棘散对被动吸烟法小鼠慢性支气管炎模型的炎症影响,用氢化可的松造成免疫低下小鼠模型,观察五味沙棘散对其胸腺和脾脏指数的影响,观察五味沙棘散含药血清对小鼠脾脏T细胞增殖活性的影响。结果:五味沙棘散(1.0g/kg)可显著改善慢性支气管炎炎性病变,并(2.0g/kg)明显增加小鼠胸腺重量和脾脏重量,改善氢化可的松所致小鼠胸腺、脾脏萎缩,其第3～9天时的含药血清能促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖。结论:五味沙棘散具有抗炎作用并可增强小鼠免疫功能。

沙棘-5味散治疗急性支气管炎的临床研究

目的:观察蒙药沙棘-5味散治疗急性支气管炎的咳嗽、咳痰症状的临床疗效。方法:将入选病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组服用蒙药沙棘-5味散(15g/日),对照组服用芩暴红止咳颗粒(12g/日)。观察治疗前后中医证候积分变化情况,评价蒙药沙棘-5味散治疗急性支气管炎的临床疗效。结果:蒙药沙棘-5味散组咳嗽症状的痊愈率37.5%,有效率56.3%,咳痰症状痊愈率34.4%,有效率56.3%;芩暴红止咳颗粒组咳嗽症状的痊愈率34.5%,有效率50.0%,咳痰症状痊愈率31.25%,有效率43.75%。痊愈率、有效率两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:蒙药沙棘-5味散能改善急性支气管炎的咳嗽、咳痰症状,其疗效优于芩暴红止咳颗粒组。

沙棘

一个人在荒原住得太久了 一生的辽阔也被橘黄的阴影嚼碎 像这嘴里渗出来的涩酸 “看,我裸露的忧郁是我的痛苦!”

Preparation of a Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion and the visualization of its transdermal permeation

A Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion was developed, and its physicochemical properties and in vitro transdermal characteristics were investigated. Then its skin irritation was investigated. The optimum Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion prescription was determined using Cremophor EL as an emulsifier, Transcutol P as a co-emulsifier, and isopropyl myristate(IPM) as the oil phase(IPM%: Cremophor EL%: Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil%= 5:16:20, Km = 4:1). The prepared Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion was pale yellow and transparent. Globular droplets were observed under a transmission electron microscope(TEM). The average particle size was 52.2±4.8 nm. The loading capacity was 10.68%, and the oil-in-water(O/W) type nanoemulsion was stable after centrifugation. The CLSM results showed that the fluorescence intensity of the OB Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion group was stronger than that of the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil cream and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil groups in each layer of skin. The study also showed that skin surface treated with the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion had strong fluorescence. The skin depth had weak fluorescence, while the areas near the hair follicle and its appendages had the strongest fluorescence. The skin irritation test showed that the prepared Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil nanoemulsion was applied to the normal and damaged skin of the rabbit, and there was no apparent redness and swelling. These results suggested that the nanoemulsion coated with Hippophae rhamnoides Linn oil was a potential delivery system for skin disorders.