信息化手段对音乐剧教学的影响

随着科学技术的发展与进步,信息化技术在现代社会生活中的应用越来越普及。本文以信息化技术为手段,具体研究该技术对北京舞蹈学院音乐剧系教学与实践的影响。本文通过采用文献资料法和观察法,通过查阅文献资料与互联1网视频资料,结合笔者高校音乐剧教学实践,具体阐述信息化技术的优势、信息化技术促进线上音乐剧教学、信息化技术有利于音乐剧研讨与推广这三方面的内容,以现代化音乐软件和具体的教学实践为载体,充分利用信息化技术手段,使高校音乐剧教学内容更加多元,教学模式更加丰富。

Study on the interaction between volatile oil components and skin lipids based on molecular docking techniques

Objective To analyze the interactions between different structural types of volatile oil compo-nents(VOCs)and skin lipid molecules;and investigate the mechanism of volatile oil in Chi-nese materia medica(VOCMM)as penetration enhancers.Methods In this study;210 different structural types of VOCs were selected from the VOCMM penetration enhancer database;and the molecular docking experiments were conducted with three main lipid molecules of skin:ceramide 2(CER2);cholesterol(CHL);and free fatty acid(FFA).Each VOC was docked individually with each lipid molecule.Cluster analysis was used to explore the relationship between the binding energy of VOCs and their molecular struc-tures.Nine specific pathogen-free(SPF)Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided in-to Control;Nootkatone;and 3-Butylidenephthalide groups for in vitro percutaneous experi-ments;with three rats in each group.The donor pool solutions were 3%gastrodin;3%gas-trodin+3%nootkatone;and 3%gastrodin+3%3-butylidenephthalide;respectively.The pen-etration enhancing effects of VOCs with higher binding energy were evaluated by comparing the 12-hour cumulative percutaneous absorption of gastrodin(Q12;µg/cm²).Results(i)Most of the VOCs were non-hydrogen bonded to the hydrophobic parts of CHL and FFA;and hydrogen bonded to the head group of CER2.Among them;sesquiterpene ox-ides showed the most pronounced binding affinity to CER2.The VOCs with 2-4 rings(in-cluding carbon rings;benzene rings;and heterocycles)demonstrated stronger binding affini-ty for three skin lipid molecules compared with the VOCs without intramolecular rings(P<0.01).(ii)According to the cluster analysis;most of the VOCs that bond well to CER2 had 2-3 intramolecular rings.The non-oxygenated VOCs were bonded to CER2 in a hydrophobic manner.The oxygenated VOCs were mostly bonded to CER2 by hydrogen bonding.(iii)The results of Franz diffusion cell experiment showed that the Q12 of Control group was 260.60±25.09µg/cm2;and the transdermal absorption of gastrodin was significantly increased in Nootkatone group(Q12=5503.00±1080.00µg/cm²;P<0.01).The transdermal absorption of gastrodin was also increased in 3-Butylidenephthalide group(Q12=495.40±56.98µg/cm²;P>0.05).(iv)The type of oxygen-containing functional groups in VOCs was also an influencing factor of binding affinity to CER2.Conclusion The interactions between different types of VOCs with different structures in the VOCMM and three skin lipid molecules in the stratum corneum were investigated at the molecular level in this paper.This research provided theoretical guidance and data support for the screening of volatile oil-based penetration enhancers;and a simple and rapid method for studying the penetration-enhancing mechanism of volatile oils.

博伊斯《油脂椅》软性材料的情感表达

本文先对博伊斯的人生经历进行了简单的介绍,并以博伊斯的装置作品《油脂椅》为本文的主要的研究对象,研究作品中的软性材料在装置中的应用以及软性材料应用的意义。

Functional evaluation for effective compositions in seed oil of Korean pine

The effect of seed oil of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) on the rats' blood-fat and its anti-ageing function was stud-ied for appraising the efficacy of the seed oil of Korean pine. Sixty experimental rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (half males and half females in each group) as normal control group, high fat diet control group, and three groups (Group 1 Group 2, Group 3) that were fed with feedstuff with the contents of the seed oil of 2.0g/(kgd-1), 4.0g/(kgd-1) and 8.0g/(kgd-1), respec-tively. The indexes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and anti-oxidation capacity (AOC) were measured by Reagent Kit method. It was found that the seed oil of the Korean pine could reduce the content of triglyc-eride and improve SOD as well as GSH-PX activity in serum. These indexes of the rats in Group 2 fed with Korean pine seed oil of 4.0 g/(kgd-1) reached the significant level and those of rats in Group 3 fed with the seed oil of 8.0 g/(kgd-1) reached the extremely significant level. The results indicated the seed oil of Korean pine had function of regulating the level of blood-fat and anti-ageing.

Important Roles of Transcription Factors in Regulating Seed Oil Biosynthesis to Increase Plant Storage Lipid Content

In this article, the biosynthetic pathways of storage oil accumulation in oilseed plants were briefly introduced, and the transcription factors, such as B3 do- main supeffamily genes, lecl gene, wril gene etc., and their important role in oil accumulation regulation was mainly elucidated. Overexpession of transcription factors as feasible ways of genetic manipulation to increase oJl content in oilseed crops are promising in a long-term perspective.

Determination of phthalate esters in fat-containing foods by packed nanofiber solid-phase extraction column and gas chromatography

A new method for simultaneous determination of four phthalate esters （ PAEs） in commercial fat-containing foods was developed by the combination of a packed nanofibers column based on solid-phase extraction with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector （ GC-FID ）. Conditions for obtaining optimum extraction efficiency such as extraction solvents, morphologies of adsorbent, ion strength and pH were investigated and optimized in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection （LODs） found for dibutyl phthalate （DBP） , butyl benzyl phthalate （BBP）, diethyl hexyl phthalate （DEHP） and di-n-octyl phthalate （DNOP） were 50, 25, 50 and 25 ng/g, respectively. Good linearity of four PAEs was achieved in the range of 50 to 4 000 ng/g. The proposed method was applied for analyzing different kinds of fat-containing samples. PAEs in commercial fat-containing samples can be highly extracted by a packed solid-phase extraction column of 5 mg polystyrene （ PS） nanofibers. The satisfactory average recoveries were obtained in the range of 96. 7% to 102. 3% , and the relative standard deviations （RSDs） below 5% were achieved. The proposed method reduces the organic solvent consumption, the complex and tedious procedures for sample pretreatment, and achieves high sensitivity and reproducibility for the investigated PAEs.

NON-INVASIVE IN VIVO PHENOTYPING OF SEIPIN MOUSE BY 7T MRI

Lipodystrophies are clinically heterogeneous acquired or inherited disorders characterized by selective loss of the adipose tissue. Non-invasive in vivo phenotyping of adipose tissue deposits in small animal models of the disease is studied using 7T magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Pseudo image and multi-weight MRI methods show that the fat of seipin mice is virtually absent compared with WT mice. The three-dimensional （3-D） small animal visualization system for 7T MRI developed in this project facilitates to obtain the interested feature with stroke-based classification method. Student＇s t-test statistic result confirms that total fat and subcutaneous fat are less in seipin mice than those in WT mice. However, the visceral fat difference is not found in the experiment. Based on 7T MIRI, the study gives more reliable information on location and lipid contents of the tissue about seipin mice, thus it is important to explore the pathophysiological characteristics of the disease.

Determination and Analysis of Liposoluble Chemical Constituents from Ictalurus punctatus Oil

The lipids was extracted from the internal organs of Ictalurus punctatus by microwave, and its liposoluble chemical constituents was identified and quantified by gas chromatography （GC）/electron impact （EI） mass spectrometry （MS）. Subsequent-ly, the acid catalysis method was used to convert fatty acids to methyl-esters. The total lipids in the pure fat of I. punctatus were found to be about 99%. Twenty-three fatty acids were identified. The major fatty acids found in the oils were normal mo-nounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids and alkane paraffin. Unsaturated fatty acids comprised 72.84% of the total, and the major components of monounsaturated fatty acids were C18：1 （48.52%）, while the polyunsaturated fatty acids were mainly composed of C18：2 （16.54%）. Saturated fatty acids comprised approximately 19.21%of the total. The main components were C16：0 （14.46%） and C18：0 （4.17%）, most of which were medium-long-chain fatty acids. Therefore, catfish oil can be used as an important dietary source of functional fatty acids. The difference between the pro-portion of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids appears to be significant compared to fish of the Cyprinidae family, as catfish skin and muscle have higher protein content and lower fatty content. This study confirms that catfish has excellent nutri-tional quality.

Effects of Fed-batch and Nitrogen-deficient Culture on Lipid Yield of Chlorella sp.

[Objective] This study was to realize high-density culture of Chlorella sp. as well as the culture with high lipid yield. [Method] Through analyzing the growth curve of Chlorella sp. cells, dextrose consumption curve, change curves of pH and dissolved oxygen, a fed-batch culture was conducted, followed by a nitrogen-deficient culture aiming at accumulating the lipids in Chlorella sp. cells when a high density of Chlorella sp. cells was obtained. [Result] After four batches of feeding were pro- vided, the biomass of Chlorella sp. reached up to 65.25 g/L, and the lipid content increased from 42.75% to 63.82% in Chlorella sp. cells, with the yield of 43.37 g/L in the following 12 hours of nitrogen-deficient culture. [Conclusion] Reasonable fed- batch can significantly improve the biomass of Chlorella sp., and the nitrogen-defi- cient culture further raises the lipid yield of Chlorella sp.

Preparation of High-Purity Linolenic Acid from Oil of Lithospermum Erythrorhizon by Urea Inclusion and Column Chromatography

Aim To separate high purity linolenic acid from the oil of Lithospermumerythrorhizon growing in the Northeast of China. Methods Urea inclusion and column chromatographywere used. Results Unsaturated fatty acid was separated, with a purity of 99.30 wt% of linolenicacid. Conclusion The experiment shows excellent reproducibility and high feasibility for industrialproduction.

百年阿贝新问题——2004爱尔兰戏剧随笔

爱尔兰是绿色的,从飞机的舷窗看下去,烟雾葱笼中的薄绿与淡蓝交融在一起,分不清哪里是陆地,哪里是大海.当窗外的绿色越来越浓的时候,飞机的跑道突然跳了出来,就像爱尔兰传统绿呢中的褐色花格,明亮且不容忽视.跟刚刚路过的伦敦希斯罗机场比起来,爱尔兰第二大城市科克的机场就显得小得多,在四周起伏的绿色之中,它就像是一处庭院,安静而随意.

Oil Content Conversion between Ether-based and Ethanol-based Methods and Establishment of Admissible Error for Imported Wool

Due to various reasons, the inspection methods often need to be changed, and the detection reagents often need to be replaced. In this study, a comparative experiment was conducted between the ethanol-based and ether-based determination methods for oil content in imported wool. The determination results obtained from the two methods were treated as abscissa and ordinate respectively,and their linear relationship was analyzed. According to the linear regression analysis, the conversion equation of determination result between the two methods was obtained. In addition, the repeatability admissible error and reproducibility admissible error were established through analyzing the comparative experimental results by scientific software. This study will bring new ideas for further researches in this field, and provide reference for solving the similar problems in actual inspection work.

Adsorption Kinetics of β-Carotene and Chlorophyll onto Acid-activated Bentonite in Model Oil

The textural properties of acid-activated bentonite （AAB）, which were prepared using four different concentrations of sulfuric acid, were analyzed by adsorption-desorption isotherm of nitrogen using an automated specific surface area and porosity analyzer. The total pore volume, specific surface area and average pore diameter of these four kinds of AAB show a regular changing trend, increasing first and then decreasing, the optimum of which can be achieved at a sulfuric acid concentration of 25% （sample A25）. The kinetic analysis of the adsorption of β-carotene and chlorophyll in model oil solutions, namely, xylene and edible oil solution, has been investigated by using AAB. Experimental results indicated that the adsorption data fit the pseudo-second-order model well. The whole adsorption process of the two pigments on AAB was divided basically into two parts： the initial adsorption of pigments was rapid in the first l0 rain, followed by a slower adsorption process till equilibrium was attained at 60 rain. In addition, the amount and rate of adsorption on A25 increase synchronously with the initial pigment concentration and temperature. The results showed that the adsorption kinetics behavior of AAB with respect to the pigments is not influence by the xylene and edible oil solution.

The Kinetics of the Esterification of Free Fatty Acids in Waste Cook- ing Oil Using Fe2（SO4）3/C Catalyst

The esterification of free fatty acids(FFA) in waste cooking oil with methanol in the presence of Fe2(SO4)3/C(ferric sulfate/active carbon) catalyst was studied.The effects of different temperature,methanol/FFA mole ratio and amount of catalyst on the conversion of FFA were investigated.The results demonstrated that under optimal esterification conditions the final acid value of the resultant system can be reduced to ～1(mg KOH)·g-1,which met fully the requirements in post-treatment for efficient separation of glycerin and biodiesel.The kinetics of the esterification were also investigated under different temperatures.The results indicated that the rate-control step could be attributed to the surface reaction and the esterification processes can be well-depicted by the as-calculated kinetic formula in the range of the experimental conditions.

Reaction Kinetics of Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Oil Using a Carbon-based Solid Acid Catalyst

The kinetics of simultaneous transesterification and esterification with a carbon-based solid acid catalyst was studied.Two solid acid catalysts were prepared by the sulfonation of carbonized vegetable oil asphalt and petroleum asphalt.These catalysts were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis,acidity site concentration,the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）surface area and pore size.The kinetic parameters with the two catalysts were determined,and the reaction system can be described as a pseudo homogeneous catalyzed reaction.All the forward and reverse reactions follow second order kinetics.The calculated concentration values from the kinetic equations are in good agreement with experimental values.

Biodiesel Production from Waste Edible Oils and Grease Containing Free Fatty Acids

Till now, most part of the biodiesel is produced from the refined vegetable oils using methanol as feedstock in the presence of an alkali catalyst. However, large amount of waste edible oils and grease are available. The difficulty with alkali-catalyzed esterification of these oils is that they often contain large amount of free fatty acids （FFA）, polymers and decomposition products. These free fatty acids can quickly react with the alkali catalyst to produce soaps that inhibit the separation of the ester and glycerine. An esterification and transesterification process is developed to convert the high FFA oil to its monoesters, The first step, the acidcatalyzed esterification with glycerine and these FFA reduces the FFA content of the oil and grease to less than 3%, and then an azeotropic distillation solvent is used to remove the water. The major factors affecting the conversion efficiency of the process such as glycerol to free fatty acid molar ratio, catalyst amount, reaction temperature and reaction duration are analyzed, The second step, alkali-catalyzed transesterificatiou process converts the products of the first step to its monoesters and glycerol, and then the glycerol is recycled for utilization in the first step. Technical indicators of the biodiesel product can meet the ASTM 6751 standard.

Effect of Nitrogen Sources on the Growth and Docosahexaenoic Acid Accumulation in Crypthecodinium cohnii

The effect of various nitrogen sources on the growth and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) yield is determined in Crypthecodinium cohnii ATCC30556. Single nitrogen tryptone and peptone are suitable to growth, the dry weight biomass is up to 2.78 g/L and 2.70g/L respectively on medium containing 0.34 g/L nitrogen. Peptone is a favorable nitrogen source for DHA accumulation, DHA yield increases up to 338.56 mg/L. Using peptone and KNO3 as a multiple nitrogen source, the highest biomass and DHA yield are obtained from media containing 0.34 g/L nitrogen in which the ratio of peptone-N:NO3--N is 1:2,and the biomass and DHA yield are 2.98 g/L(DW) and 527.97mg/L respectively.

Chylous ascites secondary to hyperlipidemic pancreatitis with normal serum amylase and lipase

A 54-year old man with a family history of hyperlipidemia was admitted with a 12 h history of severe generalized abdominal pain associated with nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. Examination of the abdomen revealed tenderness in the periumblical area with shifting dullness. Serum pancreatic amylase was 29 IU/L and lipase 44 IU/L, triglyceride 36.28 mmol/L. Ultrasound showed ascites. CT of the abdomen with contrast showed inflammatory changes surrounding the pancreas consistent with acute pancreatitis. Ultrasound (US) guided abdomen paracentesis yielded a milky fluid with high triglyceride content consistent with chylous ascites. The patient was kept fasting and intravenous fluid hydration was provided. Meperidine was administered for pain relief. On the following days the patient’s condition improved and he was gradually restarted on a low-fat diet, and fat lowering agent (gemfibrozil) was begun, 600 mg twice a day. On d 14, abdomen US was repeated and showed fluid free peritoneal cavity. The patient was discharged after 18 d of hospitalization with 600 mg gemfibrozil twice a day. At the time of discharge, the fasting triglyceride was 4.2 mmol/L. After four weeks the patient was seen in the clinic, he was well.

Characterization of the Growth,Chlorophyll Content and Lipid Accumulation in a Marine Microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta under Different Nitrogen to Phosphorus Ratios

Microalgal lipids are regarded as main future feedstock of biofuels for its higher efficiency of accumulation and sus- tainable production. In order to investigate the effect of various nitrogen to phosphorus ratios on cells growth, chlorophyll content and accumulation of lipids in Dunaliella tertiolecta, experiments were carried out in modified microalgal medium with inorganic nitrogen （nitrate-nitrogen） or organic nitrogen （urea-nitrogen） as the sole nitrogen source at initial N：P ratios ranging from 1：1 to 32：1. The favorable N：P of 16：1 in the nitrate-N or urea-N medium yielded the maximum cell density and specific growth rate. Decrease in chlorophyll content were observed at the N：P of 4：1 in both nitrate-N and urea-N cultures. It was also observed that the maximum lipids concentration was obtained at the N：P of 4：1 in both nitrate and urea nutrient medium. The lipid productivity and lipid content of cultures in the urea-N medium at the N：P of 4： lwere markedly higher than those from cultures with other N：P ratios （p〈 0.05）. The results of this work illustrate the possibility that higher ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus have enhancing effect on cells growth of D. tertiolecta. Conversely, higher lipid accumulation is associated with a decrease in chlorophyll content under lower ratios of nitro- gen to phosphorus. The results confirm the hypothesis of this study that a larger metabolic flux has been channeled to lipid accumu- lation in D. tertiolecta cells when the ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus drop below a critical level.

Ru nanoparticles supported on hydrophilic mesoporous carbon catalyzed low-temperature hydrodeoxygenation of microalgae oil to alkanes at aqueous-phase

The processing of an energy carrier such as microalgae oil into valuable fuels and chemicals is quite promising.Aqueous-phase processing is suitable for this purpose because the separation of intrinsic water from the algae cell is difficult.In this study,we synthesized ruthenium(Ru)nanoparticles supported on highly hydrophilic mesoporous carbon to catalyze the quantitative hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of microalgae oil to alkanes in a one-pot process at a low temperature(140℃)in the aqueous phase.The mesoporous carbon was obtained by single-step calcination of starch and zinc chloride in nitrogen.The as-obtained carbon showed high surface areas and pore volumes,allowing high dispersion of Ru nanoparticles.The surface of the carbon material was rich in hydroxyl groups,as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),infrared(IR)spectroscopy,and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)measurements.As a result,the carbon material contacted preferably with the water phase versus the organic phase,improving the accessibility of substrates.On the other hand,the contact angle test results speculated the superior hydrophilic nature of mesoporous Ru/C(ZnCl2,starch)than commercial Ru/C.Both kinetics modeling and in situ IR monitoring in water revealed the superior performance of the hydrophilic mesoporous and hydrophilic Ru/C compared to a commercial Ru/C for the tandem hydrogenation of stearic acid and decarbonylation of stearyl alcohol.The herein designed hydrothermal carbon material was highly active,environmentally benign,sustainable,and recyclable material,and could be potentially used for other hydrogenation reactions in the aqueous phase.