存在中的异质对决:洪峰小说《湮没》的人物解读

短篇小说《湮没》以第一人称的视角呈现一位男性百无聊赖的心理和其日常生活。他希冀在无聊的生活中生出一些情趣,但是当他的生活中加入了新鲜元素后,他仍然不断地消解着生活的意义。他一次次地体会到生存的虚无感,一次次在内心的绝望中与日常、与身边的人、与自我抗争,而最终得到的仍然是无解的虚无与未知的未来。

湮没的帝都与大明的兴亡

《湮灭的帝都——淮河访古行纪》以明中都的兴废为切入点,思考和讨论了皇权主义存在的问题。朱元璋靠专制皇权打造出一个堂皇的帝都,又因独裁导致了它的湮灭。“打江山—坐江山—传江山”是中国古代帝王政治的传统,支撑这种传统是家天下的逻辑,但显然不具有现代政治学意义上的合法性——正当性和正义性。从世界范围看,在欧洲已进入文艺复兴,正试图走出中世纪的14世纪,朱元璋却在东方建立一个把皇权主义的糟粕发挥到极致的专制帝国,除了走向王朝政治的死胡同外,别无其他出路。中都的崛起与湮没,实为大明王朝兴亡的预演,体现了中国古代皇权政治理论的悖论。

Kinetics of an n—Species Aggregation Chain Model with Complete Annihilation

The kinetic behavior of an n-species (n?≥?3) aggregation–annihilation chain reaction model is studied. In this model, an irreversible aggregation reaction occurs between any two clusters of the same species, and an irreversible complete annihilation reaction occurs only between two species with adjacent number. Based on the mean-field theory, we investigate the rate equations of the process with constant reaction rates to obtain the asymptotic solutions of the cluster-mass distributions for the system. The results show that the kinetic behavior of the system not only depends crucially on the ratio of the aggregation rate I to the annihilation rate J, but also has relation with the initial concentration of each species and the species number's odevity. We find that the cluster-mass distribution of each species obeys always a scaling law. The scaling exponents may strongly depend on the reaction rates for most cases, however, for the case in which the ratio of the aggregation rate to the annihilation rate is equal to a certain value, the scaling exponents are only dependent on the initial concentrations of the reactants.

POSITRON ANNIHILATION AND CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS ON POLYANILINE

The positron lifetime spectra and electrical conductivities have been measured for polyaniline as a function of protonation level ([H+] from 10-7-1000.8 mol/L). Weobserved that (1) the short lifetime τ1, which was related to electron density in bulk,decreased with the protonation level; (2) the intermediate lifetime τ2≈360ps, almost remaining constant, whereas its intensity I2 increased with increasing protonation level which was related to the conductivity of material. These results are discussed in terms of conducting island model.

Study Pure Annihilation Decays Bs^0（B^-0 s）→D^±π^-＋ in PQCD Approach

The rare decays Bs^0（B^-0 s）→D^±π^-＋ can occur only via annihilation-type diagrams in the standard model. In this paper, we calculate branching ratios of these decays in perturbative QCD approach ignoring soft final state interaction. From our calculation, we find that their branching ratios are at O（10^-6） with large CP asymmetry, which may be measured in LHC-b experiment in the future.

Monomer Migration and Annihilation Processes

We propose a two-species monomer migration-annihilation model, in which monomer migration reactions occur between any two aggregates of the same species and monomer annihilation reactions occur between two different species. Based on the mean-field rate equations, we investigate the evolution behaviors of the processes. For the case with an annihilation rate kernel proportional to the sizes of the reactants, the aggregation size distribution of either species approaches the modified scaling form in the symmetrical initial case, while for the asymmetrical initial case the heavy species with a large initial data scales according to the conventional form and the light one does not scale. Moreover,at most one species can survive finally. For the case with aconstant annihilation rate kernel, both species may scale according to the conventional scaling law in the symmetrical case and survive together at the end.

Novel Biased Aggregation-Annihilation Model

We propose a novel two-species aggregation-annihilation model, in which irreversible aggregation reactions occur between any two aggregates of the same species and biased annihilations occur simultaneously between two different species. The kinetic scaling behavior of the model is then analytically investigated by means of the mean-field rate equation. For the system without the seff-aggregation of the un-annihilated species, the aggregate size distribution of the annihilated species always approaches a modified scaling form and vanishes finally; while for the system with the self-aggregation of the un-annihilated species, its scaling behavior depends crucially on the details of the rate kernels. Moreover, the results also exhibit that both species are conserved together in some cases, while only the un-annihilated species survives finally in other cases.

泗州钩沉——节选自夏坚勇《湮没的辉煌》

上了淮河大桥，风便直往脸上扑，虽是阳春三月，却仍有几分凛冽的意味。桥很长，北望是无垠的旷野，点缀着青砖灰瓦的平房，隐隐传来鸡鸣狗吠，渲染出一派牧歌情调，东去的河面愈显开阔，不远处就是洪泽湖了。此刻我却不忍去看，这里的水啊，太浩茫，浩茫得亘古无边，天涯无际，让人心里发冷。

Effect of Cu on the boron segregation at grain boundaries and vacancy-type defects in ultra-low carbon micro-alloy steels

By thermal neutron irradiation particle tracking autoradiography(PTA)technique,the development of boron segregation at grain boundaries in ultra-low carbon micro-alloy steels was investigated during cooling from 1150°C to 850°C,and the effect of Cu on boron segregation at grain boundaries was discussed.By positron annihilation lifetime(PAL)technique,the changes of vacancy-type defects with temperatures and the effect of Cu on vacancy-type defects in the cooling process were discussed.Results show that,the concentration of boron at grain boundaries increases rapidly at the beginning of the cooling;after that,it begins to decrease;and then,it increases gradually again.The addition of Cu not only increases the concentration of boron at grain boundaries but also speeds up the development process of boron segregation at grain boundaries.During the continuous cooling process,the addition of Cu significantly affects the change of vacancy-type defects with temperatures in ultra-low carbon micro-alloy steels.

自然空间与人文空间的多维审美建构——评吴学良的散文集《灵河》

在中国当代散文发展中，1990年代兴起的文化大散文是一个重要的散文景观，余秋雨《文化苦旅》《行者无疆》、周涛《游牧长城》、王充闾《面对历史的苍茫》、夏坚勇《湮没的辉煌》、李存葆《大河遗梦》、马丽华“走过西藏”系列散文等都是其中的代表作。文化大散文的作家伫立当下、叩问历史、对话生命、冥思宇宙，奏响了一曲曲蕴蓄历史文化哲思与现实人文情怀的交响乐章。

Positron-Electron Annihilation Process in(2,2)-Difluoropropane Molecule

The positron-electron annihilation process in(2,2)-difluoropropane molecule and the corresponding gammaray spectra are studied by quantum chemistry method.The positrophilic electrons in(2,2)-difluoropropane molecule are found for the first time.The theoretical predictions show that the outermost 2s electrons of fluoride atoms play an important role in positron-electron annihilation process of(2,2)-difluoropropane.In the present scheme,the correlation coefficient between the theoretical gamma-ray spectra and the experiments can be 99%.The present study gives an alternative annihilation model for positron-electron pair in larger molecules.