Several of Rousseau＇s critics begin with the presupposition that his writings are inconsistent or incoherent ann proceed to locate the ＂essence＂ of his philosophy in some of his writings while excluding others. Ern...Several of Rousseau＇s critics begin with the presupposition that his writings are inconsistent or incoherent ann proceed to locate the ＂essence＂ of his philosophy in some of his writings while excluding others. Ernst Cassirer is among the few philosophers who have attempted to defend Rousseau＇s claim to consistency. Despite its broad influence, Cassirer＇s interpretation has remained largely unchallenged. The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it aims to show that Cassirer＇s interpretation undermines （1） the important role Rousseau assigns to pity in both the state of nature and civil society and （2） the significant role the general will plays in his political theory. Secondly, it proposes an alternative interpretation that succeeds in uniting Rousseau＇s opus.展开更多
The aim of this paper is firstly to determine if the Korean television drama Winter Sonata and its spinoffs are contributing to contemporary cross-cultural diffusion in Japan. Secondly, if cross-cultural diffusion is ...The aim of this paper is firstly to determine if the Korean television drama Winter Sonata and its spinoffs are contributing to contemporary cross-cultural diffusion in Japan. Secondly, if cross-cultural diffusion is occurring, is it contributing to a loss of local identity？ Winter Sonata is a small but significant part of the Korean Wave and in the vanguard of Korean television drama content viewed in Japan. There have been macro political changes in East Asia, largely driven by Korea, resulting in an easing of restrictions on cross-border media trade. These in turn have progressively created a new dynamic in content and volume. The methodology used for the study is triangulation including document analysis, audience analysis, and commercial outcomes. The convergent validation derived from the three parameters advances the proposition that Winter Sonata has contributed to cultural diffusion from a Japanese perspective but not to a loss of local identity. Arguably, the process is an enriching one in East Asia reinforced by multi-lateral media trade.展开更多
As one with great fame of writing China and Chinese people in war time, Anna Louise Strong, has the experience of communicating with Chinese left-wing writers, viewing their dramas works and reading their novels. From...As one with great fame of writing China and Chinese people in war time, Anna Louise Strong, has the experience of communicating with Chinese left-wing writers, viewing their dramas works and reading their novels. From her perspective, Chinese left-wing literature was featured by its revolution and popularity; Chinese left-wing writers were busy with creating different genres to get every Chinese＇s involvement in the anti-Japanese war in 1930s and participation in the construction of new China in 1940s. Hence, they were multifarious in their identity because they cared more than literature in a turbulent time. From what she presented, China, as a cultural otherness, was the existent utooia that fulfilled her radical nolitical dream of communism.展开更多
As we all know, Immanuel Kant holds the view that human beings are quintessentially rational creatures; hence, the emotions are not much more than a form of excessive psychological baggage that human beings could do w...As we all know, Immanuel Kant holds the view that human beings are quintessentially rational creatures; hence, the emotions are not much more than a form of excessive psychological baggage that human beings could do without. Indeed, for anyone familiar with the television series Star Trek, it would seem that according to Kant human beings bear a quite striking resemblance to the individual known as Spock who is a Vulcan and thus a completely rational creature who does not have emotions and feelings. For Kant, that is how human beings should be when they are at their very best as rational creatures. Interestingly, a question that mightily presents itself is whether or not evolution supports Kant＇s ideal conception of human beings as quintessentially rational creatures. It is quite clear that, unlike Vulcans, human beings are capable of emotions and feelings. Indeed, the capacity for emotions and feelings clearly constitutes a fundamental part of the biological make-up of human beings. With that reality, there are two primary ways we can go. On the one hand, we can hold that notwithstanding the capacity that human beings have for emotions and feelings, it is nonetheless the case that humans should mightily strive to realize the Kantian conception of the rational self. On the other hand, we can hold that the emotions and feelings play a very profound and fundamental role in the survival and self-realization of human beings. In what follows, I shall offer a number of considerations in support of the second line of thought; for in point of fact, the first option is not really an option given the psychological configuration of human beings.展开更多
The concept of violence mainly comprises the use of brutal force and fierceness. The acts of violence; on the other hand, can be defined as the practices pertaining to intimidating, terrorizing and even tyrannizing hu...The concept of violence mainly comprises the use of brutal force and fierceness. The acts of violence; on the other hand, can be defined as the practices pertaining to intimidating, terrorizing and even tyrannizing human beings. There is a widespread agreement on the idea that a healthy and balanced society necessitates the conscious contribution of each member to the solution of social, economic and cultural problems. Undoubtedly, the mass media, particularly TV, plays a significant role in this process. In the same way, the media content considerably accelerates the respective learning process through news, advertisements and particularly TV serials. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the types and ratios of violence displayed in popular Turkish TV serials with respect to the total airing time. Thus, three popular TV serials with the highest rating were determined as the corpus of this study. Then, every sixth episode of each serial in a 36-week-season was chosen as the sampling. With this idea in mind, the sequences displaying violence in the respective serials were measured with content analysis method and classified according to the types of violence. Thus, ratios for each type of violence were found out and shown on graphs. It is expected that the findings will provide a basis for a further study in which a comparison between the escalation of violence in Turkish society and the ratio of violence demonstrated in popular TV serials can be made.展开更多
The portrayal of obscenity in television series is not a new issue in our society. It is a reasonable fact to be understood, that the exposure to such explicit content of obscenity is acceptable in Western culture but...The portrayal of obscenity in television series is not a new issue in our society. It is a reasonable fact to be understood, that the exposure to such explicit content of obscenity is acceptable in Western culture but somehow or rather, the acceptance of obscenity among the Asian society is still taboo and this has geared parents to pay greater attention to what type of media content should be watched by their children. The researcher believes the audience could also educate themselves by watching such television series since Malaysia is lacking in sexual education. This research consists of qualitative content analysis. The researcher had included the obscene visuals and dialogues in order to justify the existence of such sexual portrayal on the Grey＇s Anatomy TV series. A theory was selected for this study--the application on selected variables from a previous research done by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation （Sex on TV4, 2005）. The researchers had found that such TV content could be a medium to promote safe sex messages since Malaysia lacks in sex education. The implication on theory was to distinguish the obscenity portrayal in TV series in shaping the audiences＇ acceptance.展开更多
This paper looks at the language use and the language situation of Hong Kong and their relationship with the identity issue or identity crisis （as reported in some of the media, such as The Guardian, March 2012）. T...This paper looks at the language use and the language situation of Hong Kong and their relationship with the identity issue or identity crisis （as reported in some of the media, such as The Guardian, March 2012）. The ＂bi-literacy and tri-lingualism language policy＂ of Hong Kong is discussed. The use of the three language varieties, namely Cantonese, English and Mandarin are discussed in relation to Hong Kong people＇s proclaimed cultural identity. The emergence of mixed code （juxtaposing English into Cantonese utterances） also marks the link between language and proclaimed cultural identity. With the several social issues happened in Hong Kong 2010-2012, Hong Kong citizens＇ sense of belonging with an ethnic Hong Kong identity reached the highest according to the Public Opinion Program launched by one of the universities in Hong Kong. Language use in one of the recent television drama series magnifies the issue of ＂Hongkongness＂ which is closely linked to the use of Cantonese and mixed code.展开更多
This paper analyzes the effect of rhetorical devices, such as irony, sarcasm, parody, hyperbole, pun, antonomasia, etc., in dialogues of the American TV series The Big Bang Theory （2007） with an aim to help improve ...This paper analyzes the effect of rhetorical devices, such as irony, sarcasm, parody, hyperbole, pun, antonomasia, etc., in dialogues of the American TV series The Big Bang Theory （2007） with an aim to help improve English learners＇ awareness and appreciation of rhetorical means in English-based literary works. Instances are cited with the use of such rhetoric means in the dialogue transcriptions. It is discovered that integrated use of a variety of rhetorical devices is a significant means for vivid and impressive characterization in literature. Such an analysis is a rewarding journey on either an academic or entertainment basis, and a process of discovery and learning that may particularly be well-received with EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners展开更多
Encroachment, which can generally be defined as appropriation of the other＇s right, comes first as one of the most traumatic incidents among sexual crimes. When the statistical data about rape are examined in Turkey,...Encroachment, which can generally be defined as appropriation of the other＇s right, comes first as one of the most traumatic incidents among sexual crimes. When the statistical data about rape are examined in Turkey, it is seen that the ratios of rape incidents are at an extent that cannot be underestimated. The problem of rape is covered in some series which are broadcast on TV and popular among wide range of audience in Turkey. Fatmagiil ＇iinSu^u Ne？, Oyle Bir Geger Zaman Ki and ]fret, which are among these series, are chosen as the sample in this study. Since it is certainly one of the important functions of media to raise awareness of the public, dealing with rape in series and films as a social problem is usual and even crucial. However, the basic issue here is how this incident is handled and what kind of message is given to the audience, who takes the main characters as model. The aim of this study is to explore how the rape incidents are covered and how the solution is reached in these aforementioned series. In this study, these three television series are examined through purposeful sampling method and also, the answers to the questions mentioned as the aims of this study are analyzed through a feminist perspective. As a result of this analysis, it has been found out that even though rape incident is one of the worst events a woman can experience in these series, it is turned into a crime that can be forgiven and the reason of forgiving is love.展开更多
This study was designed to explore the issue of request strategies in Chinese settings by establishing corpora of video clips of contemporary Chinese teledramas. The present study chose short sequences of video clips ...This study was designed to explore the issue of request strategies in Chinese settings by establishing corpora of video clips of contemporary Chinese teledramas. The present study chose short sequences of video clips from the Chinese teledramas and designed nine situations to establish corpora by taking the two social variables of power and distance as reference points. The study shows that the most used request strategies are the mood derivable, the query preparatory and the hedged performatives. Chinese people have a tendency towards more naturalness and straightforwardness in real life and employ request strategies based more on social distance than social power.展开更多
A movie town in east China is full of actors waiting for their turn in thespotlightHengdian,a small town in east China’s Zhejiang Province,has developed from an unknown rural place into the world’s largest movie and...A movie town in east China is full of actors waiting for their turn in thespotlightHengdian,a small town in east China’s Zhejiang Province,has developed from an unknown rural place into the world’s largest movie and TV production center in the past decade.展开更多
文摘Several of Rousseau＇s critics begin with the presupposition that his writings are inconsistent or incoherent ann proceed to locate the ＂essence＂ of his philosophy in some of his writings while excluding others. Ernst Cassirer is among the few philosophers who have attempted to defend Rousseau＇s claim to consistency. Despite its broad influence, Cassirer＇s interpretation has remained largely unchallenged. The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it aims to show that Cassirer＇s interpretation undermines （1） the important role Rousseau assigns to pity in both the state of nature and civil society and （2） the significant role the general will plays in his political theory. Secondly, it proposes an alternative interpretation that succeeds in uniting Rousseau＇s opus.
文摘The aim of this paper is firstly to determine if the Korean television drama Winter Sonata and its spinoffs are contributing to contemporary cross-cultural diffusion in Japan. Secondly, if cross-cultural diffusion is occurring, is it contributing to a loss of local identity？ Winter Sonata is a small but significant part of the Korean Wave and in the vanguard of Korean television drama content viewed in Japan. There have been macro political changes in East Asia, largely driven by Korea, resulting in an easing of restrictions on cross-border media trade. These in turn have progressively created a new dynamic in content and volume. The methodology used for the study is triangulation including document analysis, audience analysis, and commercial outcomes. The convergent validation derived from the three parameters advances the proposition that Winter Sonata has contributed to cultural diffusion from a Japanese perspective but not to a loss of local identity. Arguably, the process is an enriching one in East Asia reinforced by multi-lateral media trade.
文摘As one with great fame of writing China and Chinese people in war time, Anna Louise Strong, has the experience of communicating with Chinese left-wing writers, viewing their dramas works and reading their novels. From her perspective, Chinese left-wing literature was featured by its revolution and popularity; Chinese left-wing writers were busy with creating different genres to get every Chinese＇s involvement in the anti-Japanese war in 1930s and participation in the construction of new China in 1940s. Hence, they were multifarious in their identity because they cared more than literature in a turbulent time. From what she presented, China, as a cultural otherness, was the existent utooia that fulfilled her radical nolitical dream of communism.
文摘As we all know, Immanuel Kant holds the view that human beings are quintessentially rational creatures; hence, the emotions are not much more than a form of excessive psychological baggage that human beings could do without. Indeed, for anyone familiar with the television series Star Trek, it would seem that according to Kant human beings bear a quite striking resemblance to the individual known as Spock who is a Vulcan and thus a completely rational creature who does not have emotions and feelings. For Kant, that is how human beings should be when they are at their very best as rational creatures. Interestingly, a question that mightily presents itself is whether or not evolution supports Kant＇s ideal conception of human beings as quintessentially rational creatures. It is quite clear that, unlike Vulcans, human beings are capable of emotions and feelings. Indeed, the capacity for emotions and feelings clearly constitutes a fundamental part of the biological make-up of human beings. With that reality, there are two primary ways we can go. On the one hand, we can hold that notwithstanding the capacity that human beings have for emotions and feelings, it is nonetheless the case that humans should mightily strive to realize the Kantian conception of the rational self. On the other hand, we can hold that the emotions and feelings play a very profound and fundamental role in the survival and self-realization of human beings. In what follows, I shall offer a number of considerations in support of the second line of thought; for in point of fact, the first option is not really an option given the psychological configuration of human beings.
文摘The concept of violence mainly comprises the use of brutal force and fierceness. The acts of violence; on the other hand, can be defined as the practices pertaining to intimidating, terrorizing and even tyrannizing human beings. There is a widespread agreement on the idea that a healthy and balanced society necessitates the conscious contribution of each member to the solution of social, economic and cultural problems. Undoubtedly, the mass media, particularly TV, plays a significant role in this process. In the same way, the media content considerably accelerates the respective learning process through news, advertisements and particularly TV serials. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the types and ratios of violence displayed in popular Turkish TV serials with respect to the total airing time. Thus, three popular TV serials with the highest rating were determined as the corpus of this study. Then, every sixth episode of each serial in a 36-week-season was chosen as the sampling. With this idea in mind, the sequences displaying violence in the respective serials were measured with content analysis method and classified according to the types of violence. Thus, ratios for each type of violence were found out and shown on graphs. It is expected that the findings will provide a basis for a further study in which a comparison between the escalation of violence in Turkish society and the ratio of violence demonstrated in popular TV serials can be made.
文摘The portrayal of obscenity in television series is not a new issue in our society. It is a reasonable fact to be understood, that the exposure to such explicit content of obscenity is acceptable in Western culture but somehow or rather, the acceptance of obscenity among the Asian society is still taboo and this has geared parents to pay greater attention to what type of media content should be watched by their children. The researcher believes the audience could also educate themselves by watching such television series since Malaysia is lacking in sexual education. This research consists of qualitative content analysis. The researcher had included the obscene visuals and dialogues in order to justify the existence of such sexual portrayal on the Grey＇s Anatomy TV series. A theory was selected for this study--the application on selected variables from a previous research done by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation （Sex on TV4, 2005）. The researchers had found that such TV content could be a medium to promote safe sex messages since Malaysia lacks in sex education. The implication on theory was to distinguish the obscenity portrayal in TV series in shaping the audiences＇ acceptance.
文摘This paper looks at the language use and the language situation of Hong Kong and their relationship with the identity issue or identity crisis （as reported in some of the media, such as The Guardian, March 2012）. The ＂bi-literacy and tri-lingualism language policy＂ of Hong Kong is discussed. The use of the three language varieties, namely Cantonese, English and Mandarin are discussed in relation to Hong Kong people＇s proclaimed cultural identity. The emergence of mixed code （juxtaposing English into Cantonese utterances） also marks the link between language and proclaimed cultural identity. With the several social issues happened in Hong Kong 2010-2012, Hong Kong citizens＇ sense of belonging with an ethnic Hong Kong identity reached the highest according to the Public Opinion Program launched by one of the universities in Hong Kong. Language use in one of the recent television drama series magnifies the issue of ＂Hongkongness＂ which is closely linked to the use of Cantonese and mixed code.
文摘This paper analyzes the effect of rhetorical devices, such as irony, sarcasm, parody, hyperbole, pun, antonomasia, etc., in dialogues of the American TV series The Big Bang Theory （2007） with an aim to help improve English learners＇ awareness and appreciation of rhetorical means in English-based literary works. Instances are cited with the use of such rhetoric means in the dialogue transcriptions. It is discovered that integrated use of a variety of rhetorical devices is a significant means for vivid and impressive characterization in literature. Such an analysis is a rewarding journey on either an academic or entertainment basis, and a process of discovery and learning that may particularly be well-received with EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners
文摘Encroachment, which can generally be defined as appropriation of the other＇s right, comes first as one of the most traumatic incidents among sexual crimes. When the statistical data about rape are examined in Turkey, it is seen that the ratios of rape incidents are at an extent that cannot be underestimated. The problem of rape is covered in some series which are broadcast on TV and popular among wide range of audience in Turkey. Fatmagiil ＇iinSu^u Ne？, Oyle Bir Geger Zaman Ki and ]fret, which are among these series, are chosen as the sample in this study. Since it is certainly one of the important functions of media to raise awareness of the public, dealing with rape in series and films as a social problem is usual and even crucial. However, the basic issue here is how this incident is handled and what kind of message is given to the audience, who takes the main characters as model. The aim of this study is to explore how the rape incidents are covered and how the solution is reached in these aforementioned series. In this study, these three television series are examined through purposeful sampling method and also, the answers to the questions mentioned as the aims of this study are analyzed through a feminist perspective. As a result of this analysis, it has been found out that even though rape incident is one of the worst events a woman can experience in these series, it is turned into a crime that can be forgiven and the reason of forgiving is love.
基金supported by the Supporting Plan for Young Backbone College Teachers of Henan Province(No.2010GGJS-042)
文摘This study was designed to explore the issue of request strategies in Chinese settings by establishing corpora of video clips of contemporary Chinese teledramas. The present study chose short sequences of video clips from the Chinese teledramas and designed nine situations to establish corpora by taking the two social variables of power and distance as reference points. The study shows that the most used request strategies are the mood derivable, the query preparatory and the hedged performatives. Chinese people have a tendency towards more naturalness and straightforwardness in real life and employ request strategies based more on social distance than social power.
文摘A movie town in east China is full of actors waiting for their turn in thespotlightHengdian,a small town in east China’s Zhejiang Province,has developed from an unknown rural place into the world’s largest movie and TV production center in the past decade.
