石氏温经强腰方结合中药熏蒸治疗腰椎间盘突出症(寒湿痹阻型)临床效果研究

目的观察石氏温经强腰方结合中药熏蒸治疗腰椎间盘突出症(寒湿痹阻型)临床效果。方法将该院近1年收治的81例腰椎间盘突出症(寒湿痹阻型)患者纳入研究,根据治疗方法不同将其以随机数字表法分为对照组(40例)与中医组(41例),对照组患者采取西医常规疗法治疗,中医组患者在对照组患者治疗基础上结合石氏温经强腰方以及中药熏蒸治疗。比较临床治疗效果、治疗前后中医证候积分(腰腿冷痛着重、痛连臀腿、肢体发凉、舌质淡胖等)变化、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)以及肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)等炎症因子水平变化、疼痛量表[视觉模拟疼痛评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)]评分变化、日本骨科协会评估治疗分数(Japanese Orthopaedic Associationscores,JOA评分)变化、不良反应。结果中医组患者治疗总有效率(95.12%,39/41)比对照组患者(80.00%,32/40)更高(P<0.05);治疗前,两组患者中医证候积分(腰腿冷痛着重、痛连臀腿、肢体发凉、舌质淡胖等)、CRP及TNF-α水平、VAS评分以及JOA评分等指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),经治疗后两组患者中医证候积分(腰腿冷痛着重、痛连臀腿、肢体发凉、舌质淡胖等)、CRP及TNF-α水平、VAS评分均显著下降,中医组低于对照组,JOA评分均上升,中医组高于对照组(均P<0.05);对照组患者出现1例恶心,1例呕吐,中医组未见不良反应(P>0.05)。结论石氏温经强腰方结合中药熏蒸治疗腰椎间盘突出症(寒湿痹阻型)临床效果显著,患者症状好转,疼痛减轻,腰椎功能恢复好,且未见不良反应,安全可靠。

房山石经题记所见幽州卢龙节度使府军将——以押牙和虞候为中心

房山石经题记中保存了不少幽州卢龙节度使府军将的相关材料。有些见诸史载,有些为题记独有。笔者整理出题记中押牙和虞候的相关材料,并对其进行分析。题记中的随身押牙、随从押牙、衙前押牙可补史籍之缺。在为节度使祈福祝寿的刻经活动中,都押牙并不是领衔发动者,而是以节度押牙为主。题记中反映的虞候之职级大约为:都虞候——虞候、将虞候——将下虞候。"将虞候"职级应等同虞候,而低于都虞候。内衙虞候史籍未见记载,与衙前虞候相比,其职能可能更侧重核心武装内部的监督纠察。

《乾隆石经》考述

《乾隆石经》自开刻迄今已二百余年。本文详引史料,对《乾隆石经》刊刻经营、所涉人事、重修奏修等诸多事项作了全面而系统地考述,既补前贤所未及,亦多有发明。

韩国古代石刻文字考释问题及华严石经文字的复原

在汉字的发展过程中,中国隋唐前后是异体字大量生成因而字样学兴盛的时期。本研究介绍了当时韩国使用的汉字资料,对其在汉字字形研究方面的价值进行了初步研究,并以华严石经残片为例,探讨了石刻资料复原的步骤和方法。

宋仁宗对宋代金石学兴起的贡献

宋代是中国金石学发展的第一个高峰。北宋仁宗时期(1023——1063),金石学开始逐渐兴起,这除了归功于欧阳修与刘敞等金石学家的努力之外,宋仁宗本人也做出了巨大的贡献。他通过下令造作新乐与校定古乐器、刊刻篆书《石经》、御篆功臣神道碑额与颁赐内府古器物铭文拓本四项举措,促进了古文字学与篆书书法在宋代的发展和普及,为金石学的兴起打下了良好的学术基础,并带动、激励了金石收藏、研究风气的兴起。这一切,都对宋代金石学的兴起起到了推波助澜的作用。

宋仁宗对宋代金石学兴起的贡献

宋代是中国金石学发展的第一个高峰。北宋仁宗朝时期(1023———1063),金石学开始逐渐兴起,这除了要归功于欧阳修与刘敞等金石学家的努力之外,宋仁宗本人也做出了巨大的贡献。他通过下令造作新乐与校定古乐器、刊刻篆书《石经》、御篆功臣神道碑额与颁赐内府古器物铭文拓本四项举措,促进了古文字学与篆书书法在宋代的发展和普及,为金石学的兴起打下了良好的学术基础,并带动、激励了金石收藏、研究风气的兴起。这一切,都对宋代金石学的兴起起到了推波助澜的作用。

戴震金石文字观述论

清儒大量运用金石文字考经证史是清代学术较为突出的特点之一。钱大昕、阮元之功已为学界所共认,但引领一代学风的考据学大师戴震在金石文字方面的实践及观点无人提及。而有相关实例来看,戴氏在运用金石文字考证经史方面颇有成绩,值得关注。

Evaluation of the Economic Loss Caused by Zhouqu Debris Flow

[Objective] The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic loss caused by Zhouqu debris flow. [Method] After the large debris flows happened on August 7, 2010 in Zhouqu, Gansu Province, we collected data at the first time after the disaster, and then built an assessment model to estimate the potential economic losses. [Result] The total loss reached 16.57×10^2 million Yuan, in which indirect economic loss was up to 2.42×10^2 million yaun while the actual direct economic loss was around 14.15×10^2 million Yuan. [Conclusion] The proportional coefficient method is a rapid and efficient method for evaluating the indirect loss caused by disasters.

Small sphincterotomy combined with endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation versus sphincterotomy

AIM： To compare small sphincterotomy combined with endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation （SES ＋ ELBD） and endoscopic sphincterotomy （EST） for large bile duct stones. METHODS： We compared prospectively SES ＋ ELBD （group A, n = 27） with conventional EST （group B, n = 28） for the treatment of large bile duct stones （≥ 15 mm）. When the stone could not be removed with a normal basket, mechanical lithotripsy was performed. We compared the rates of complete stone removal with one session and application of mechanical lithotripsy. RESULTS： No significant differences were observed in the mean largest stone size （A： 20.8 mm, B： 21.3 mm）, bile duct diameter （A： 21.4 turn, B： 20.5 ram）, number of stones （A： 2.2, B： 2.3）, or procedure time （A： 18 min, B： 19 rain） between the two groups. The rates of complete stone removal with one session was 85% in group A and 86% in group B （P = 0.473）. Mechanical lithotripsy was required for stone removal in nine of 27 patients （33%） in group A and nine of 28 patients （32%, P = 0.527） in group B.CONCLUSION： SES ＋ ELBD did not show significant benefits compared to conventional EST, especially for the removal of large （≥ 15 mm） bile duct stones.

A new model to predict roadheader performance using rock mass properties

Prediction of roadheader performance plays a significant role in the plan of tunnel construction, which is influenced by different key parameters, including rock strength, discontinuity in rock mass, type and specifications of roadheader machine, and brittleness. The main aim of this study is to build a robust empirical equation based on rock mass properties for the roadheader performance prediction. For achieving the aim, a dataset composed of roadheader performance rate and rock properties is established using the dataset compiled from an underground coal mine located in a remote rugged desert environment some 85 km south of Tabas City in mid east Iran. By using gathered data, the statistical analyses are conducted between rock mass properties and roadheader performance to find whether there is a significant relationship between input variables and roadheader performance. The results show that rock mass properties have a considerable impact on the rate of the roadheader performance. It is demonstrated that the proposed model can accurately predict the roadheader performance as a function of rock mass properties.

Progress and Outlook on Technologies for Processing Inferior Crude Oil in China

The recent growth of the global petroleum refining industry and the main technologies and measures for China to process inferior crude oil were introduced. The main technologies and measures include the control over equipment corrosion induced by sour and acidic crude, in particular the corrosion of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units, the development of technology for processing inferior residue, and the development of desulfurization technology and sulfur recovery technology in the course of processing of petroleum products. In order to meet the needs for national economic development, China’s refining enterprises will uninterruptedly develop and prefect technologies for processing inferior crude, enhance the process and equipment management, sum up the experience for better processing of inferior crude, so as to provide high-quality oil products and petrochemical feedstocks to public with better economic return.

Biloma following repeated transcatheter arterial embolization and complicated by intrahepatic duct stones: A case report

Biloma is an encapsulated bile collection outside the biliary tree due to a bile leak. It is occasionally found following traumatic liver injury or iatrogenic injury to the biliary tract, induced either during an endoscopic or surgical procedure. It is a rare complication of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Although biloma can be shrunk by appropriate aspiration or drainage in majority of cases,we report a case of intrahepatic biloma following repeated TAE for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and complicated by infection and intrahepatic stones. This particular constellation of problems has not been reported before and the intrahepatic stones need to be removed by percutaneous procedure.

Surgical anatomy of innervation of the gallbladder in humans and Suncus murinus with special reference to morphological understanding of gallstone formation after gastrectomy

AIM： To clarify the innervation of human gallbladder,with special reference to morphological understanding of gallstone formation after gastrectomy.METHODS： The liver, gallbladder and surrounding structures were immersed in a 10 mg/L solution of alizarin red S in ethanol to stain the peripheral nerves in cadavers （n = 10）. Innervation in the areas was completely dissected under a binocular microscope. Similarly,innervation in the same areas of 10 Suncus murinus （S. murinus） was examined employing whole mount immunohistochemistry.RESULTS： Innervation of the gallbladder occurred predominantly through two routes. One was from the anterior hepatic plexus, the innervation occurred along the cystic arteries and duct. Invariably this route passed through the hepatoduodenal ligament. The other route was from the posterior hepatic plexus, the innervation occurred along the cystic duct ventrally. This route also passed through the hepatoduodenal ligament dorsally.Similar results were obtained in S. murinus.CONCLUSION： The route from the anterior hepatic plexus via the cystic artery and/or duct is crucial for preserving gallbladder innervation. Lymph node dissection specifically in the hepatoduodenal ligament may affect the incidence of gallstones after gastrectomy.Furthermore, the route from the posterior hepatic plexus via the common bile duct and the cystic duct to the gallbladder should not be disregarded. Preservation of the plexus may attenuate the incidence of gallstone formation after gastrectomy.

唐石经《尔雅》“禕,美也”磨改校释

唐石经《尔雅》:“禕,美也。”原刻“褘”,后磨改作“禕”,误,当从宋监本郭璞《尔雅注》作“褘”。论文辨析了历代十八种校释结论,平议各家得失,并试为校补。论文认为“褘”音许韦反有二义:蔽厀、王后之服“褘衣”。“褘”音许韦反又假借为“徽”,训“美”。“褘”音于宜反同“猗”,亦训“美”,然须连言,与许韦反之“褘(徽)”单言训“美”有别。通过对诸家校释的分析,结合论文的考证,关于《尔雅》的校释原则,论文提出了八点浅见。

Earth slope reliability analysis under seismic loadings using neural network

A new method was proposed to cope with the earth slope reliability problem under seismic loadings. The algorithm integrates the concepts of artificial neural network, the first order second moment reliability method and the deterministic stability analysis method of earth slope. The performance function and its derivatives in slope stability analysis under seismic loadings were approximated by a trained multi-layer feed-forward neural network with differentiable transfer functions. The statistical moments calculated from the performance function values and the corresponding gradients using neural network were then used in the first order second moment method for the calculation of the reliability index in slope safety analysis. Two earth slope examples were presented for illustrating the applicability of the proposed approach. The new method is effective in slope reliability analysis. And it has potential application to other reliability problems of complicated engineering structure with a considerably large number of random variables.

Ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface of steel-backed Al-graphite semi-solid bonding plate

The ratio of Fe-Al compound at the bonding interface of solid steel plate to Al-7graphite slurry was used to characterize the interracial structure of steel-Al-7graphite semi-solid bonding plate quantitatively. The relationship between the ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface and bonding parameters （such as preheat temperature of steel plate, solid fraction of Al-7graphite slurry and rolling speed） was established by artificial neural networks perfectly. The results show that when the bonding parameters are 516 ℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate, 32.5% for solid fraction of Al-7graphite slurry and 12 mm/s for rolling speed, the reasonable ratio of Fe-Al compound corresponding to the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is obtained to be 70.1%. This reasonable ratio of Fe-Al compound is a quantitative criterion of interracial embrittlement, namely, when the ratio of Fe-Al compound at interface is larger than 70.1%, interfacial embrittlement will occur.

Matrix porosity calculation in volcanic and dolomite reservoirs and its application

Matrix porosity calculations of fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as volcanics and weathered dolomite, are one of the problems urgently needed to solve in well-log evaluation. In this paper, we first compare the an empirical formula for porosity calculation from full diameter rhyolite core experiments with the matrix porosity formulas commonly used. We discuss the applicability of the empirical formula in fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as intermediate-basic volcanics and weathered dolomite. Based on core analysis data, the error distribution of the calculated porosity of our empirical formula and the other porosity formulas in these reservoirs are given. The statistical error analysis indicates that the our empirical formula provides a higher precision than the other porosity formulas. When the porosity is between 1.5% and 15%, the acoustic experiment formula can be used not only for acidic volcanics but also in other fractured and vuggy reservoirs, such as intermediate-basic volcanics and weathered dolomite. Moreover, the formula can reduce the effects of borehole enlargement and rock alteration on porosity computation.

Steam Reforming of Natural Gas： A Value Addition to Natural Gas Utilization in Nigeria

Petrochemicals play a vital role in the economy of any nation. The products of the industry are the building blocks in many industries as they deepen the forward and backward linkages of the petroleum sector with the rest of the economy. The industry uses a variety of hydrocarbon feedstock such as different cuts of naphtha from refinery and natural gas. One of the problems facing the industry is lack of reliable feedstock supplies. Nigeria has the potential to be a major petrochemicals producer. With proven gas reserves currently estimated at 187 tcf, not much has been accomplished with respect to the effective exploitation and utilization of this resource as most of the nation＇s natural gas production has been flared, liquefied for export or re-injected to enhance greater crude oil recovery. It has become imperative to further find ways to exploit and utilize the nation＇s natural gas reserves and translate it to the improvement of the nation＇s economy. Steam reforming of natural gas is one of the avenues for conversion of natural gas to petrochemicals. This paper, however, reviews various ways of utilizing natural gas, examines the process details of steam reforming of natural gas as a route to optimized natural gas utilization and industrialization in Nigeria. Syngas （synthesis gas） is a versatile feedstock for most petrochemicals and chemical intermediates. Thus utilizing natural gas in this way would strengthen the petrochemical industry making it possible for the country to change from raw materials to value-added products supplier, boost the economy and solve the ＂hydra-headed＂ problem of unemployment in Nigeria with its multiplier employment effect.

Artificial neural network based inverse design method for circular sliding slopes

Current design method for circular sliding slopes is not so reasonable that it often results in slope (sliding.) As a result, artificial neural network (ANN) is used to establish an artificial neural network based inverse design method for circular sliding slopes. A sample set containing 21 successful circular sliding slopes excavated in the past is used to train the network. A test sample of 3 successful circular sliding slopes excavated in the past is used to test the trained network. The test results show that the ANN based inverse design method is valid and can be applied to the design of circular sliding slopes.

Improved BP Neural Network for Transformer Fault Diagnosis

The back propagation (BP)-based artificial neural nets (ANN) can identify complicated relationships among dissolved gas contents in transformer oil and corresponding fault types, using the highly nonlinear mapping nature of the neural nets. An efficient BP-ALM (BP with Adaptive Learning Rate and Momentum coefficient) algorithm is proposed to reduce the training time and avoid being trapped into local minima, where the learning rate and the momentum coefficient are altered at iterations. We developed a system of transformer fault diagnosis based on Dissolved Gases Analysis (DGA) with a BP-ALM algorithm. Training patterns were selected from the results of a Refined Three-Ratio method (RTR). Test results show that the system has a better ability of quick learning and global convergence than other methods and a superior performance in fault diagnosis compared to convectional BP-based neural networks and RTR.