《聊斋志异》中再婚与继母现象——兼说《吕无病》和《细柳》

《聊斋志异》有三十余篇反映妇女再婚,可称是明清之际再婚问题的风俗画卷。站在男权和宗法的立场上,蒲松龄是那个时代的代言者,但在前房子女的教育问题上,蒲松龄表现了教育家特有的关注和视角。

教子成龙——《聊斋志异·细柳》的启示

本文通过细读《聊斋志异.细柳》,针对当下家庭教育问题提出了要充分了解孩子、正确估价孩子。在重视孩子文化课成绩的同时,要将孩子引向正道,培养健康人格等进行全面教育。教子成龙最重要的意义是根除孩子的缺点,但要注意方略。

教出文韵始得真——以《细柳营》教学为例

破解语文课堂少新、少趣、少味、少美之难题，指出文韵是一种文章神采与韵味结合的审美形态。呈现课文的文韵，是语文课堂教学的质性所在，是语文教学的必然选择。以教学《细柳营》为例，从披文寻言韵、沿波讨章韵、顺势勘意韵三个方面探讨了教出文韵的方法与路径，指出文韵是文章的精神，得文韵者，得语文课堂教学之“真”。

Cytochemical localization of ATPase and sub-cellular variation in mesophyll cell of Cyclocarya paliurus seedlings under iso-osmotic stress and calcium regulation

The ultrastructural distribution and active location of ATPase and the ultrastructural variations were investigated in mesophyll cells of Cyclocarya paliurus seedlings after iso-osmotic salt/water treatments in combination with calcium regulation. C. paliurus seed- lings were treated with five groups （control, 85 mM NaCl, 85 mM NaCl＋ 12 mM Ca（NO3）2, PEG iso-osmotic to 85 mM NaCl and PEG iso-osmotic to 85 mM NaCl＋12 mM Ca（NO））2） in a hydroponic system in a phytotron. Results show that under normal growth conditions the ATPase activity was low and the enzyme was primarily located on the nucleus. After 12 days of iso-osmotic salt/water treatments, ATPase activity on the tonoptast increased. Osmiophilic globules for iso-osmotic water treatment were greater than that for iso-osmotie salt treatments. The ATPase activity increased and was mostly transferred onto the nucleus for calcium regulation treatment under iso- osmotic salt/water stresses, and the osmiophilic globules significantly decreased under iso-osmotic water stress with calcium regulation. The ATPase located on the nucleus indicated that the degree of salt/drought damage that seedlings suffered was slighter, while the amount of the enzyme located on the tonoplast showed that the degree of salt/drought damage there was more serious. After 4 and 20 days of iso- osmotic treatments, the injury suffered by the leaf ultrastructures of C. paliurus seedlings for iso-osmotic treatment with calcium regula- tion was lower than those without calcium regulation, especially for the iso-osmotic water treatments. Preliminary analysis suggests that the iniury suffered by C. paliurus seedlings was lower for iso-osmotic salt treatments than for iso-osmotic water treatments, while the effect of calcium regulation under iso-osmotic water stress was greater than that of the iso-osmotic salt stress.

Spatial distribution of fine roots of larch and ash in the mixed plantation stand

The spatial distribution of standing fine roots in tree rows of different species in a 12-year-old mixed stand of ash (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.) and larch (Larix olgensis Henry) was studied by soil core sampling in early spring, 2001. It is found that ash and larch differ greatly in their belowground biomass distribution. Ash has much higher fine root biomass density in the soil than larch at stand level (with the max value of 4442.3 vs. 2234.9 gm-3). Both tree species deployed more fine roots in their neighboring zone, suggesting a less intensive competition between roots of the two species. Both fine root biomass density and root length density of ash in the zone between larch tree rows are greater than that of larch in zone between ash tree rows, indicating that ash is more powerful than larch in belowground competition. The spatial distribution feature of roots favors the growth of ash in the mixed stand.

Ability of multicellular salt glands in Tamarix species to secrete Na^+ and K^+ selectively

The present study aimed to determine the mechanism of cation-selective secretion by multicellular salt glands.Using a hydroponic culture system,the secretion and accumulation of Na+ and K+ in Tamarix ramosissima and T.laxa under different salt stresses (NaCl,KCl and NaCl+KCl) were studied.Additionally,the effects of salt gland inhibitors (orthovanadate,Ba2+,ouabain,tetraethylammonium (TEA) and verapamil) on Na+ and K+ secretion and accumulation were examined.Treatment with NaCl (at 0-200 mmol L 1 levels) significantly increased Na+ secretion,whereas KCl treatment (at 0-200 mmol L 1 levels) significantly increased K+ secretion.The ratio of secretion to accumulation of Na+ was higher than that of K+.The changes in Na+ and K+ secretion differed after adding different ions into the single-salt solutions.Addition of NaCl to the KCl solution (at 100 mmol L 1 level,respectively) led to a significant decrease in K+ secretion rate,whereas addition of KCl to the NaCl solution (at 100 mmol L 1 level,respectively) had little impact on the Na+ secretion rate.These results indicated that Na+ secretion in Tamarix was highly selective.In addition,Na+ secretion was significantly inhibited by orthovanadate,ouabain,TEA and verapamil,and K+ secretion was significantly inhibited by ouabain,TEA and verapamil.The different impacts of orthovanadate on Na+ and K+ secretion might be the primary cause for the different Na+ and K+ secretion abilities of multicellular salt glands in Tamarix.

Mechanism research on combination of decoction for reinforcing lung Qi and argon helium lancet in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of decoction for reinforcing lung Qi on T-lymphocytic function, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer after operation with argon helium lancet in order to explore its mechanism.METHODS: A total of 76 patients suffering from non-small cell lung cancer without surgical indication were randomly divided into a treatment group treated with decoction for reinforcing lung Qi and argon helium lancet and a control group treated with argon helium lancet only to observe lymphocytic proliferation, detect the percentage of positive cells in the T-lymphocyte CD28 with flow cytometry and detect the expression of IL-2 and TNF-α in peripheral blood with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: Proliferation of T-lymphocytes and expression of CD28, IL-2 and TNF-α in peripheral blood after treatment in the treatment group were more obviously strengthened than those before treatment and those in the control group (all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The mechanism of using decoction for reinforcing lung Qi and argon helium lancet to treat lung cancer may be realized through promoting T-lymphocytic proliferation, up-regulating expression of CD28, IL-2 and TNF-α, and activating T-cells.