近代经学教科书编纂的新尝试——刘师培《经学教科书》论析

刘师培编纂的《经学教科书》是中国近代经学教科书史上一部开新之作。在传统教育向现代教育转型之际,刘师培试图以《经学教科书》达成保存国学精粹的目的。他在编纂《经学教科书》时,秉持中学为本的价值立场,主动援引西学相关学科知识,展现出贯通中西的新知识视野。这本教科书开创了经学教育领域“分课讲义型”的新体例,折射出近代中国经学教育嬗变的基本面貌。

Cultural and Socio-economical Dimensions a- Human Reproduction and Sex Education in the Biology Textbooks of Eight Countries

This study was carried out within the European research project ＂Biology, Health and Environmental Education for Better Citizenship＂. It is a comparative analysis of textbooks from eight Mediterranean countries which differ by their cultures, their socio-economical levels, and their religions. This work is focused on the sensitive educational topic ＂Human Reproduction and Sex Education＂. And 43 biology textbooks are analyzed among eight countries： four are in Europe and four in Africa and Middle East. Grids were built to identify implicit values in the texts and images. It is a more precisely explicit or implicit presence of cultural, socio-economical, and ethical dimensions. The investigation concerns whether the authors of textbooks present differently this theme depending on the socio-cultural, ethical, and religious contexts. The content of the textbooks was analyzed as reflecting the conceptions of their authors and publishers. The outcomes of the analyses show that several textbooks present images of human beings restricted to only one ethnic type, usually white-skinned and with fair hair. The social, cultural, economical, and ethical dimensions were generally absent, except for some interest for them in few European textbooks.

中国学术史著作提要——“经学史类”撷英

经学是中国学术的核心，一部中国学术史主要是一部中国经学史。尽管经学是作为汉代的代表性学术形态出现的，但并没有随着汉代社会的终结而销声匿迹。

宋代礼学的新发展——以二程的礼学思想为中心

皮锡瑞在《经学历史》中讲到宋代礼学时说：“宋人尽反先儒，一切武断；改古人之事实，以就我之义理；变三代之典礼，以合今之制度；是皆未敢附和以为必然者也。”刘师培《经学教科书》也认为宋代礼学“掊击古义，穿凿浅陋，殊不足观。”若从传统经学的立场来看，皮锡瑞与刘师培一主今文，一主古文，二人对经学史的判断、评价有许多看法是不同的，甚至是完全对立的。