Morphologic and cytological characteristics of hybrid F1 between E. canadensis and E. sibidcus were studied. The results showed that hybrid F1 were obviously exceeded parents in plant growth vigor, and spike type of F...Morphologic and cytological characteristics of hybrid F1 between E. canadensis and E. sibidcus were studied. The results showed that hybrid F1 were obviously exceeded parents in plant growth vigor, and spike type of F1 was between parents. The karyotype formula of hybrid F1 which was true hybrid was 2n =4x=16M ＋ 10m ＋2st. At meiotic anaphase, chromosome lagging behaviors were frequently observed. The frequency of lagging chromosomes of F1 was 87.37%. At meiotic metaphase, there were many univalents and multivalents, and the rod bivalent formed greatly.展开更多
AIMTo investigate the protective effect of a recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying thymosin β<sub>4</sub> (AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub>) on murine colitis via intracolonic a...AIMTo investigate the protective effect of a recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying thymosin β<sub>4</sub> (AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub>) on murine colitis via intracolonic administration.METHODSAAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> was prepared and intracolonically used to mediate the secretory expression of Tβ<sub>4</sub> in mouse colons. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was applied to induce the murine ulcerative colitis, and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to establish a mouse colitis model resembling Crohn’s disease. The disease severity and colon injuries were observed and graded to reveal the effects of AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> on colitis. The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using biochemical assays. Colonic levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 were measured using ELISA, and mucosal epithelial cell apoptosis and proliferation were detected by TUNEL assay and immunochemistry, respectively.RESULTSRecombinant AAVs efficiently delivered LacZ and Tβ<sub>4</sub> into the colonic tissues of the mice, and AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> led to a strong expression of Tβ<sub>4</sub> in mouse colons. In both the DSS and TNBS colitis models, AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub>-treated mice displayed distinctly attenuated colon injuries and reduced apoptosis rate of colonic mucosal epithelia. AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltrations and relieved oxidative stress in the inflamed colons of the mice, as evidenced by decreases in MPO activity and MDA content and increases in SOD activity. AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> also modulated colonic TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 levels and suppressed the compensatory proliferation of colonic epithelial cells in DSS- and TNBS-treated mice.CONCLUSIONTβ<sub>4</sub> exerts a protective effect on murine colitis, indicating that AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> could potentially be developed into a promising agent for the therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases.展开更多
Objective To examine associations between cardiovascular system medication use with cognition function and diagnosis of dementia in older adults living in nursing homes in Australia. Methods As part of a cross-section...Objective To examine associations between cardiovascular system medication use with cognition function and diagnosis of dementia in older adults living in nursing homes in Australia. Methods As part of a cross-sectional study of 17 Australian nursing homes examining quality of life and resource use, we examined the association between cognitive impairment and cardiovascular medication use （identified using the Anatomical Therapeutic Classification System） using general linear regression and logistic regression models. People who were receiving end of life care were excluded. Results Participants included 541 residents with a mean age of 85.5 years （± 8.5）, a mean Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale–Cognitive Impairment （PAS-Cog） score of 13.3 （± 7.7）, a prevalence of cardiovascular diseases of 44% and of hypertension of 47%. Sixty-four percent of participants had been diagnosed with dementia and 72% had received cardiovascular system medications within the previous 12 months. Regression models demonstrated the use of cardiovascular medications was associated with lower （better） PAS-Cog scores [Coefficient （β） = -3.7; 95% CI： -5.2 to -2.2; P 〈 0.0001] and a lower probability of a dementia diagnosis （OR = 0.44; 95% CI： 0.26 to 0.75, P = 0.0022）. Analysis by subgroups of medications showed cardiac therapy medications （C01）, beta blocking agents （C07）, and renin-angiotensin system agents （C09） were associated with lower PAS-Cog scores （better cognition） and lower dementia diagnosis probability. Conclusions This analysis has demonstrated an association between greater cardiovascular system medication use and better cognitive status among older adults living in nursing homes. In this population, there may be differential access to health care and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. This association warrants further investigation in large cohort studies.展开更多
A comparative study was made on the tissue specific expression of glutathione transferases (GST) in brain and testis after exposure of rat to phenobarbitol (PB) and β-methylcholanthrene (MC). Glutathione transferases...A comparative study was made on the tissue specific expression of glutathione transferases (GST) in brain and testis after exposure of rat to phenobarbitol (PB) and β-methylcholanthrene (MC). Glutathione transferases, a family of multifunctional proteins are involved in intracellular transport processes and in detoxication of electrophilic xenobiotics by catalyzing reactions such as conjugation, isomerization, reduction and thiolysis. On purification, the yield of GST proteins by affinity chromatography was 39% in testis and 32% in brain. The affinity purified testis GSTs were resolved by chromatofocusing into six anionic and four cationic isozymes, and in brain glutathione transferases were resolved into four anionic and three cationic isozymes, suggesting the presence of multiple isozymes with Yc, Yb, Yβ and Yδ in both of them. In testis and brain, these isozymes at identical pI values showed variable functions with a battery of substrates and the cationic isozymes of brain and testis showed identical properties in CHP (cumene hydroperoxide) at pH values of above 7.0. Substrate specificity studies and immunoblot analysis of testis and brain proteins revealed that they play a predominant role in the detoxication of phenobarbitol or β-methylcholanthrene. Expression of the isozymes in testis and brain on exposure to PB and MC indicated elevated subunit variation. In both testis and brain, Yδ of π class was expressed on PB treatment and Yc of α class and Yβ of μ class was expressed in MC treated testis and only Yc was predominantly expressed in MC treated brain. Thus these subunits expression is considered as markers for carcinogenesis and specific to chemical toxicity under phenobarbitol and β-methylcholanthrene stress.展开更多
Objective: Cancer is one of the most common diagnoses in elderly patients. Of all types of abdominal cancer, colorectal cancer(CRC) is undoubtedly the most frequent. Median age at diagnosis is approximately 70 years o...Objective: Cancer is one of the most common diagnoses in elderly patients. Of all types of abdominal cancer, colorectal cancer(CRC) is undoubtedly the most frequent. Median age at diagnosis is approximately 70 years old worldwide. Due to the multiple comorbidities affecting elderly people, frailty evaluation is very important in order to avoid over- or undertreatment. This pilot study was designed to investigate the variables capable of predicting the long-term risk of mortality and living situation after surgery for CRC.Methods: Patients with 70 years old and older undergoing elective surgery for CRC were prospectively enrolled in the study. The patients were preoperatively screened using 11 internationally-validated-frailty-assessment tests. The endpoints of the study were long-term mortality and living situation. The data were analyzed using univariate Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis to verify the predictive value of score indices in order to identify possible risk factors.Results: Forty-six patients were studied. The median follow-up time after surgery was 4.6 years(range, 2.9-5.7 years) and no patients were lost to follow-up. The overall mortality rate was 39%. Four of the patients who survived(4/28, 14%) lost their functional autonomy. The preoperative impaired Timed Up and Go(TUG), Eastern Cooperative Group Performance Status(ECOG PS), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living(IADLs), Vulnerable Elders Survey(VES-13) scoring systems were significantly associated with increased long term mortality risk.Conclusion: Simplified frailty-assessing tools should be routinely used in elderly cancer patients before treatment in order to stratify patient risk. The TUG, ECOG-PS, IADLs and VES-13 scoring systems are potentially able to predict long-term mortality and disability. Additional studies will be needed to confirm the preliminary data in order to improve management strategies for oncogeriatric surgical patients.展开更多
基金Supported by Research on Distant Hybridization Breeding of Forage(2008BADB3B02)in the Eleventh Five-year Plan Periodthe Major Scientific and Technical Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,"Products Development of High Quality Adequet Grass"~~
文摘Morphologic and cytological characteristics of hybrid F1 between E. canadensis and E. sibidcus were studied. The results showed that hybrid F1 were obviously exceeded parents in plant growth vigor, and spike type of F1 was between parents. The karyotype formula of hybrid F1 which was true hybrid was 2n =4x=16M ＋ 10m ＋2st. At meiotic anaphase, chromosome lagging behaviors were frequently observed. The frequency of lagging chromosomes of F1 was 87.37%. At meiotic metaphase, there were many univalents and multivalents, and the rod bivalent formed greatly.
基金Supported by National Foundation of Natural Sciences,China,No.81300293
文摘AIMTo investigate the protective effect of a recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying thymosin β<sub>4</sub> (AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub>) on murine colitis via intracolonic administration.METHODSAAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> was prepared and intracolonically used to mediate the secretory expression of Tβ<sub>4</sub> in mouse colons. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was applied to induce the murine ulcerative colitis, and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to establish a mouse colitis model resembling Crohn’s disease. The disease severity and colon injuries were observed and graded to reveal the effects of AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> on colitis. The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using biochemical assays. Colonic levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 were measured using ELISA, and mucosal epithelial cell apoptosis and proliferation were detected by TUNEL assay and immunochemistry, respectively.RESULTSRecombinant AAVs efficiently delivered LacZ and Tβ<sub>4</sub> into the colonic tissues of the mice, and AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> led to a strong expression of Tβ<sub>4</sub> in mouse colons. In both the DSS and TNBS colitis models, AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub>-treated mice displayed distinctly attenuated colon injuries and reduced apoptosis rate of colonic mucosal epithelia. AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltrations and relieved oxidative stress in the inflamed colons of the mice, as evidenced by decreases in MPO activity and MDA content and increases in SOD activity. AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> also modulated colonic TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 levels and suppressed the compensatory proliferation of colonic epithelial cells in DSS- and TNBS-treated mice.CONCLUSIONTβ<sub>4</sub> exerts a protective effect on murine colitis, indicating that AAV-Tβ<sub>4</sub> could potentially be developed into a promising agent for the therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases.
文摘Objective To examine associations between cardiovascular system medication use with cognition function and diagnosis of dementia in older adults living in nursing homes in Australia. Methods As part of a cross-sectional study of 17 Australian nursing homes examining quality of life and resource use, we examined the association between cognitive impairment and cardiovascular medication use （identified using the Anatomical Therapeutic Classification System） using general linear regression and logistic regression models. People who were receiving end of life care were excluded. Results Participants included 541 residents with a mean age of 85.5 years （± 8.5）, a mean Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale–Cognitive Impairment （PAS-Cog） score of 13.3 （± 7.7）, a prevalence of cardiovascular diseases of 44% and of hypertension of 47%. Sixty-four percent of participants had been diagnosed with dementia and 72% had received cardiovascular system medications within the previous 12 months. Regression models demonstrated the use of cardiovascular medications was associated with lower （better） PAS-Cog scores [Coefficient （β） = -3.7; 95% CI： -5.2 to -2.2; P 〈 0.0001] and a lower probability of a dementia diagnosis （OR = 0.44; 95% CI： 0.26 to 0.75, P = 0.0022）. Analysis by subgroups of medications showed cardiac therapy medications （C01）, beta blocking agents （C07）, and renin-angiotensin system agents （C09） were associated with lower PAS-Cog scores （better cognition） and lower dementia diagnosis probability. Conclusions This analysis has demonstrated an association between greater cardiovascular system medication use and better cognitive status among older adults living in nursing homes. In this population, there may be differential access to health care and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. This association warrants further investigation in large cohort studies.
基金Project supported by Department of Science and Technology and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi
文摘A comparative study was made on the tissue specific expression of glutathione transferases (GST) in brain and testis after exposure of rat to phenobarbitol (PB) and β-methylcholanthrene (MC). Glutathione transferases, a family of multifunctional proteins are involved in intracellular transport processes and in detoxication of electrophilic xenobiotics by catalyzing reactions such as conjugation, isomerization, reduction and thiolysis. On purification, the yield of GST proteins by affinity chromatography was 39% in testis and 32% in brain. The affinity purified testis GSTs were resolved by chromatofocusing into six anionic and four cationic isozymes, and in brain glutathione transferases were resolved into four anionic and three cationic isozymes, suggesting the presence of multiple isozymes with Yc, Yb, Yβ and Yδ in both of them. In testis and brain, these isozymes at identical pI values showed variable functions with a battery of substrates and the cationic isozymes of brain and testis showed identical properties in CHP (cumene hydroperoxide) at pH values of above 7.0. Substrate specificity studies and immunoblot analysis of testis and brain proteins revealed that they play a predominant role in the detoxication of phenobarbitol or β-methylcholanthrene. Expression of the isozymes in testis and brain on exposure to PB and MC indicated elevated subunit variation. In both testis and brain, Yδ of π class was expressed on PB treatment and Yc of α class and Yβ of μ class was expressed in MC treated testis and only Yc was predominantly expressed in MC treated brain. Thus these subunits expression is considered as markers for carcinogenesis and specific to chemical toxicity under phenobarbitol and β-methylcholanthrene stress.
文摘Objective: Cancer is one of the most common diagnoses in elderly patients. Of all types of abdominal cancer, colorectal cancer(CRC) is undoubtedly the most frequent. Median age at diagnosis is approximately 70 years old worldwide. Due to the multiple comorbidities affecting elderly people, frailty evaluation is very important in order to avoid over- or undertreatment. This pilot study was designed to investigate the variables capable of predicting the long-term risk of mortality and living situation after surgery for CRC.Methods: Patients with 70 years old and older undergoing elective surgery for CRC were prospectively enrolled in the study. The patients were preoperatively screened using 11 internationally-validated-frailty-assessment tests. The endpoints of the study were long-term mortality and living situation. The data were analyzed using univariate Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis to verify the predictive value of score indices in order to identify possible risk factors.Results: Forty-six patients were studied. The median follow-up time after surgery was 4.6 years(range, 2.9-5.7 years) and no patients were lost to follow-up. The overall mortality rate was 39%. Four of the patients who survived(4/28, 14%) lost their functional autonomy. The preoperative impaired Timed Up and Go(TUG), Eastern Cooperative Group Performance Status(ECOG PS), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living(IADLs), Vulnerable Elders Survey(VES-13) scoring systems were significantly associated with increased long term mortality risk.Conclusion: Simplified frailty-assessing tools should be routinely used in elderly cancer patients before treatment in order to stratify patient risk. The TUG, ECOG-PS, IADLs and VES-13 scoring systems are potentially able to predict long-term mortality and disability. Additional studies will be needed to confirm the preliminary data in order to improve management strategies for oncogeriatric surgical patients.
