诗性的碎片向叙述中心的漂移——评任白长诗《耳语》

本文以作者的诗学思想"语言漂移说"和"欢喜诗学"为理论框架,阐释了当代诗人、小说家任白的长诗《耳语》的隐喻结构及其相关的诗学问题。包括长诗《耳语》与T.S.艾略特的《J.阿尔弗瑞德·普鲁弗洛克的情歌》之间互文性(intertextuality)的某些隐秘联系;语言碎片的漂移表达与作者写作呈现的"深度期待";《耳语》书写的现代性文学模式与诗性的碎片向"爱情主题"和"时代精神"两个叙述中心漂移的修辞;个人与集体灵魂的意识形态结构与爱情的悲衰歌谣之间的深刻矛盾;语言中凸显出来的灵魂的经世履痕与自我泅渡的诗歌表达方式等。论文以诗意批评的文体语言展示了文学创作与批评之间彼此书写、彼此生成的古老法则,庶几从某种角度改变了文学批评对作品的依附关系。文章显现了对批评对象和批评文本自身的尊重。

险峻的诗情——任白《耳语》论析

任白的长诗《耳语》体现出公共性与私密性的诗语交融,有"六○后"诗人较少呈现的崇高美建构意识。作为"文革"后肩负话语重建的诗人,任白对于历史和现实的文化省察紧密伴随了个体层面的存在经验,并借此实现了历史和个体颇富诗意的相互注释。这种以崇高和庄重为基本语态的抒情,在当下诗歌中较为少见,它所指向的诗语革新路向也与众不同,有特殊的诗学价值。

耳语测验

随着年龄的增长，我知道了自己长得与众不同，对此我很痛恨。我天生一个豁嘴。当我开始上学以后，我的同学们让我明白了在别人眼里我是多么难看：一个长着兔嘴唇，歪鼻子，斜牙齿，说话含糊不清的小女孩。

Whisper intelligibility enhancement based on noise robust feature and SVM

A machine learning based speech enhancement method is proposed to improve the intelligibility of whispered speech. A binary mask estimated by a two-class support vector machine （SVM） classifier is used to synthesize the enhanced whisper. A novel noise robust feature called Gammatone feature cosine coefficients （GFCCs） extracted by an auditory periphery model is derived and used for the binary mask estimation. The intelligibility performance of the proposed method is evaluated and compared with the traditional speech enhancement methods. Objective and subjective evaluation results indicate that the proposed method can effectively improve the intelligibility of whispered speech which is contaminated by noise. Compared with the power subtract algorithm and the log-MMSE algorithm, both of which do not improve the intelligibility in lower signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） environments, the proposed method has good performance in improving the intelligibility of noisy whisper. Additionally, the intelligibility of the enhanced whispered speech using the proposed method also outperforms that of the corresponding unprocessed noisy whispered speech.

Intelligibility evaluation of enhanced whisper in joint time-frequency domain

Some factors influencing the intelligibility of the enhanced whisper in the joint time-frequency domain are evaluated. Specifically, both the spectrum density and different regions of the enhanced spectrum are analyzed. Experimental results show that for a spectrum of some density, the joint time-frequency gain-modification based speech enhancement algorithm achieves significant improvement in intelligibility. Additionally, the spectrum region where the estimated spectrum is smaller than the clean spectrum, is the most important region contributing to intelligibility improvement for the enhanced whisper. The spectrum region where the estimated spectrum is larger than twice the size of the clean spectrum is detrimental to speech intelligibility perception within the whisper context.

Dimensional emotion recognition in whispered speech signal based on cognitive performance evaluation

The cognitive performance-based dimensional emotion recognition in whispered speech is studied.First,the whispered speech emotion databases and data collection methods are compared, and the character of emotion expression in whispered speech is studied,especially the basic types of emotions.Secondly,the emotion features for whispered speech is analyzed,and by reviewing the latest references,the related valence features and the arousal features are provided. The effectiveness of valence and arousal features in whispered speech emotion classification is studied.Finally,the Gaussian mixture model is studied and applied to whispered speech emotion recognition. The cognitive performance is also considered in emotion recognition so that the recognition errors of whispered speech emotion can be corrected.Based on the cognitive scores,the emotion recognition results can be improved.The results show that the formant features are not significantly related to arousal dimension,while the short-term energy features are related to the emotion changes in arousal dimension.Using the cognitive scores,the recognition results can be improved.

ARMA Modelling for Whispered Speech

The Autoregressive Moving Average （ARMA） model for whispered speech is proposed. with normal speech, whispered speech has no fundamental frequency because of the glottis being semi-opened and turbulent flow being created, and formant shifting exists in the lower frequency region due to the narrowing of the tract in the false vocal fold regions and weak acoustic coupling with the aubglottal system. Analysis shows that the effect of the subglottal system is to introduce additional pole-zero pairs into the vocal tract transfer function. Theoretically, the method based on an ARMA process is superior to that based on an AR process in the spectral analysis of the whispered speech. Two methods, the least squared modified Yule-Walker likelihood estimate （LSMY） algorithm and the Frequency-Domain Steiglitz-Mcbide （FDSM） algorithm, are applied to the ARMA mfldel for the whispered speech. The performance evaluation shows that the ARMA model is much more appropriate for representing the whispered speech than the AR model, and the FDSM algorithm provides a name acorate estimation of the whispered speech spectral envelope than the LSMY algorithm with higher conputational complexity.

Deconstruction and Reconstruction Attempts： The Curriculum of Turkish Ministry of National Education and the Sixth Grade English as a Foreign Language Program

Curriculum development efforts are widely investigated and studied by many researchers in the world. However, there are only few studies in number that specifically deal with curriculum development in the field of English language teaching and its implementation in the Turkish context. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate Turkish national education curriculum and the sixth grade EFL （English as a foreign language） curriculum in Turkey through analyzing the documents belong to Turkish MoNE （ministry of national education）. This study first presents what national education and the sixth grade EFL curriculum involve, and then investigates the drawbacks of them based on the predetermined criteria. Finally, this study concludes with suggestions to overcome the mentioned shortcomings.

The Local Strategies of Global Brands in Turkey： Cultural Signs and Advertisement Messages

In advertisements directed at consumers within a society or others ocieties, brands employ cultural signs （values, beliefs, rituals, and heroes and symbols） and in accordance, it can be observed that they consciously make use of the terms ＂locality＂ and ＂globality＂. In this study, four global food brands＇ advertisements including cultural codes, locality, and globality have been randomly selected and analyzed. These advertising messages have been analyzed at an intercultural level from visual semiotics perspective. It has been tried to determine the ＂local＂ approaches of global brands by revealing the ＂intercultural＂ dimension transferred through visual and linguistic signs in the advertisements which we reselected with an eclectic method.

Considerations on Speaking Skills： Essence of Learning and Teaching Speaking

Acquisition of speaking Turkish students since skills is among the most essential language skills for students currently, especially among language competency is measured through speaking. Every language learner desires to acquire correct communicative skills and fluency in speaking, while teachers aim to give the necessary education in speaking, as well. This study reveals the essence of acquiring speaking competency for learners, and how important it is to teach speaking skills with correct methods and methodology. With the questionnaire analysis on Turkish students and teachers at a Turkish university, the theoretical knowledge on ＂essence＂ is blended with the questionnaire results provided from students and teachers in order to emphasize the necessity and reach more practical solutions for the current need of learning and teaching speaking.

An Opinion Mining Task in Turkish Language： A Model for Assigning Opinions in Turkish Blogs to the Polarities

Global changes took place at a neck-breaking speed in lots of fields along with the Web 2.0 era, which can be stated as the new Internet trend. Web pages which once were a statical structure that can be said to become dynamic pages created by users, and in this regard they can be said to have been democratized by evolving. Social media, which were structured alongside with this era, by providing a large data flow for businesses, present new and improvable opportunities in the field of creating effective strategies. There are lots of blogs in today＇s Internet environment which includes customer ideas regarding the products/services that they possess. This environment, which in a way globalizes the customer ideas, is a new medium suitable for examination in terms of its increasing the business-customer interaction and due to its transporter nature; it provides the text data that may be analyzed in the field of Customer Relationship Management to businesses. Thus, businesses should follow blog environments to see how the product/service they provide is greeted in terms of the customer focus and it should be seen as an important job on which they can conduct effective analyses. For this purpose, a model proposal that will assign the ideas to the Turkish blogs was given in the study. Opinion mining methods were used in the model, and so to perceive a general look-on about products/services, a methodology was devised, which will assign the text based opinion data on the Turkish blogs to the poles. Success of the pole assignment of the model is evaluated with the precision measure.

凝视荒诞的灵魂诗学--读任白《信——》

一几年前,在评论任白的长诗《耳语》和《情诗和备忘录》时,我就意识到任白已经悄然完成了一次诗学的自我整饬和超越,实现了诗学话语的自我调整和自觉嬗变。可以肯定,那是一场诗学经验的自我总结:《情诗和备忘录》延续着《耳语》的精神向度,继续承载着任白诗歌始终没有放弃的精神和美学使命。