蒙娜·贝克翻译叙事建构理论视域下《日记拾遗》自译改写研究

蒙娜·贝克提出的翻译叙事建构理论认为,翻译本质上是一种再叙事,译者通过翻译参与建构社会现实,且对其翻译文本或话语中传播、宣传的叙事负责。该文在这一理论的观照下,探讨杨刚在自译英文日记体短篇小说《日记拾遗》时采取的叙事重构策略,并尝试分析影响其自译本叙事重构的因素。研究发现,杨刚在自译《日记拾遗》时,重新调整叙事特征,通过时空建构、对原文本素材的选择性采用、标示建构、参与者的重新定位等多种翻译叙事建构策略,凸显革命者叙事,最终实现其自译本《肉刑》的叙事建构。杨刚作为译者的叙事立场,是影响其自译本叙事重构的重要因素。

耐刑、徒刑关系考

秦及汉初,不仅司寇、隶臣妾、鬼薪白粲等较轻徒刑可以附加耐刑,即使城旦舂这样的重徒刑也可以附加此刑,律文中经常出现的“完城旦舂”实际就是“耐城旦舂”,学界所谓“完成旦舂”不附加任何刑的观点是值得商榷的。而且无论耐刑还是徒刑,均不能作为独立刑使用,二者必须互相结合,才能施加于罪犯身上。法律条文中的“耐”和“鬼薪白粲”、“隶臣妾”、“司寇”等刑名,其实是耐刑+徒刑的省略语。自汉文帝法律改革到南北朝后期,人们经常将徒刑罪称为“耐罪”,就是徒刑和耐刑必须结合的反映。

Analysis on the Significance of Ancient Chinese Corporal Punishment Reform to the Progress of the Penalty System

Since the ＂five -punishment＂ system was established from the period of the slavery society of the Western Zhou Dynasty, corporal punishment has been always in existence as a tool used by the rulers to punish people in ancient China. Although corporal punishment was abolished in the punishment sentencing reform of Emperor Wen of Han, it was further developed and improved in the penalty system of the Sui and Tang dynasties. However, it was restored in the Song, Liao, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, etc. From the studies of the corporal punishment change, the reform law of the penal system in ancient China can be found, and also the significance of ancient Chinese corporal punishment reform to the progress of criminal penalty can be sought. Meanwhile, it is of vital significance to knowing well the development of China＇s legal history and improving the current penal system.