Text Difficulty,Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering During Chinese EFL Learners’Reading

This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,mind wandering(MW),in the course of reading.Sixty first-year university non-English majors participated in the study.A two-factor mixed experimental design of 2(text difficulty:difficult and simple)×2(WMC:high/large and low/small)was employed.Results revealed that 1)the main and interaction effects of WMC and text difficulty on voluntary MW were significant,whereas those on involuntary MW were not;2)while reading the easy texts,the involuntary MW of high-WMC individuals was less frequent than that of low-WMC ones,whereas while reading the difficult ones,the direct relationship between WMC and involuntary MW was not found;and that 3)high-WMC individuals had a lower overall rate of MW and better reading performance than low-WMC individuals did,but with increasing text difficulty,their rates of overall MW and voluntary MW were getting higher and higher,and the reading performance was getting lower and lower.These results lend support to WM theory and have pedagogical implications for the instruction of L2 reading.

Nonlinear Absorption and Low-threshold Two-photon Pumped Amplified Stimulated Emission from FAPbBr_(3) Nanocrystals

Formamidinium lead bromide(FAPbBr_(3))nanocrystals(NCs)have been considered to be a good optoelectronic material due to their pure green emission,excellent stability and superior carrier transport characteristics.However,two-photon pumped amplified spontaneous emission(ASE)and the corresponding nonlinear optical properties of FAPbBr_(3) NCs are scarcely revealed.Herein,we synthesized colloidal FAPbBr_(3) NCs with different sizes by changing the molar ratio of FABr/PbBr_(2) in the precursor solution,using ligand assisted precipitation(LARP)technology at room temperature.Photoluminescence(PL)and time resolved photoluminescence(TRPL)spectroscopy were measured to characterize their ASE properties.And their nonlinear optical properties were studied through the Zscan technique and the two-photon excited fluorescence method.The stimulated emission properties including oneand two-photon pumped ASE have been realized from FAPbBr_(3) NCs.With large two-photon absorption coefficient(0.27 cm/GW)and high non-linear absorption cross-section(7.52×10^(5) GM),ASE with threshold as low as 9.8μJ/cm^(2) and 487μJ/cm^(2) have been obtained from colloidal FAPbBr_(3) NCs using one-and two-photon excitations.These results indicate that as a new possible green-emitting frequency-upconversion material with low thresholds,FAPbBr_(3) NCs hold great potential in the development of high-performance two-photon pump lasers.

类风湿性关节炎膝关节病变的X线影像学研究

目的 :分析类风湿性关节炎(RA)膝关节病变的X线影像学特征,以提高诊断正确率。方法 :收集2015年2月至2017年2月收治的RA患者52例和骨关节炎患者45例,进行X线摄片,分析两组膝关节病变的影像学特征。结果 :RA组中,关节间隙呈均匀性狭窄47例(90.4%),髌上囊肿胀41例(78.8%),关节面毛糙、关节面不同程度侵蚀破坏22例,关节周缘轻度骨质增生43例,明显重度增生、骨赘形成5例,未见明显骨质增生4例,52例均有不同程度骨质疏松。OA组中,关节间隙呈均匀性狭窄5例(11.1%),髌上囊肿胀16例(35.6%),关节面下小囊性改变7例,45例有不同程度骨质增生、骨赘形成改变。两组关节间隙均匀狭窄及髌上囊肿胀改变发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 :RA膝关节病变的X线影像学表现具有一定特征性,尤其是关节间隙均匀性狭窄、髌上囊肿胀及关节面侵蚀的改变在鉴别RA和OA的诊断中有重要价值。

治疗性沟通对老年脑卒中病人自我感受负担的影响

[目的]探讨治疗性沟通对老年脑卒中病人自我感受负担(SPB)的影响。[方法]采用随机数字表法将60例存在SPB的老年脑卒中病人分夫妇为为两组各30例,对照组给予常规护理及一般性沟通,干预组在此基础上给予治疗性沟通,采用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)评价干预效果。[结果]干预后两组病人SPB总分、照护负担维度、情感负担维度得分以及SPB程度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。[结论]治疗性沟通能有效减轻老年脑卒中病人的自我感受负担。

自性

阳光明媚 我却看不见清清楚楚的你 霪雨霏霏的日子里触摸过 似有似无的你 晶莹的毛孔都注满了喜悦 清凉的肌肤流淌着欢乐

The Lone Pair Electrons in Post-Transition Metal and Their Contribution to Optical Response

The stereochemically active lone pairs around post-transition metal atoms play an important role in determining distorted lattice structure and optical response.The lone pair electrons are characterized by crystal orbitals,electron localization function(ELF)and partial density of states(PDOS).Birefringence is evaluated by means of a Born effective charge approach based on modern polarization theory.The origin of the different responses of birefringence and second-harmonic generation(SHG)is explored,as well as the effect of spin-orbit coupling(SOC)on the band structure and optical properties is explored.The study of this paper can help to deeply understand the lone pairs and their contribution to optical property.

Effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on cardiac endoplasmic reticulum stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(HLJDD)is a quintessential prescription renowned for its heat-clearing and detoxifying properties.It is primarily prescribed to counteract the syndrome characterized by the excessive heat of the Sanjiao fire.Notably,the hyperactivity of liver fire is frequently linked with hypertension,where wind fire and wind toxicity emerge as pivotal pathogenic factors.This study aimed to investigate the impact of HLJDD on the endoplasmic reticulum in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR),further delving into the interplay between endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)and myocardial remodeling and damage.Fifty SHR rats were stratified randomly into five cohorts:model,low-dose HLJDD,medium-dose HLJDD,high-dose HLJDD,and captopril groups.For comparison,a set of Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats served as the baseline control group,with each group comprising 10 rats.While the model and control groups received equivalent volumes of normal saline via gavage,the other groups were administered the respective drug dosages through the same route daily for a span of 6 weeks.Upon the experiment’s conclusion,metrics such as the heart mass index(HWI)and left ventricular mass index(LVWI)were assessed.Cardiac tissue anomalies were identified using H&E staining,while ERS-related protein and mRNA expression levels were ascertained via Western blotting analysis and qPCR.Moreover,TUNEL staining was employed to detect cardiomyocyte apoptosis.The findings indicated that increasing HLJDD concentrations corresponded with escalated HWI and LVWI in rat hearts(P<0.05).There was a marked enhancement in myocardial structural integrity,accompanied by a notable reduction in collagen fibers.The mRNA and protein expressions of myocardial inositol-dependent enzyme 1α(IRE1α),X-box binding protein 1(XBP1),glycoregulatory protein 78(GRP78),and CCAAT enhancer binding protein homologous protein(CHOP)in the medium and high-dose groups saw significant declines(P<0.05).These effects mirrored those observed in the captopril group.The study underscored HLJDD’s efficacy in mitigating myocardial tissue damage in SHR.This therapeutic effect was potentially attributed to the downregulation of IRE1α,XBP1,GRP78,and CHOP,curbing excessive ERS,diminishing cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and thereby conferring cardioprotection.

The Natural Environment Suitability and the Suitability Degree of Human Settlements in Mid-southern Liaoning Urban Agglomerations,China,in Relation to the Population Distribution

Human settlement is a necessary factor for human survival and development.The scientific assessments of the natural suitability and appropriateness of human settlements contribute to addressing the discord between ecological environments and economic development and fostering sustainable development in the relationship between humans and nature.Building upon established methods for assessing human settlement suitability,this study investigated the natural suitability of the living environment in the urban agglomeration of mid-southern Liaoning.Based on this exploration,the suitability of the degree of human settlements for the population distribution in the study area from 2000 to 2020 was calculated.The results revealed three important points.(1)Nearly one-fifth of the study area,the area around the offshoot of Changbai Mountain,is a critically suitable area.More than half of this area,generally the buffer zone connecting the Liaohe Plain and the offshoot of Changbai Mountain,is generally suitable for human settlements.The proportion of suitable areas is only 25.53%,mostly on the Liaohe Plain along the Liaodong Peninsula by the Yellow Sea.(2)The overall spatial distribution of human settlement exhibits a pattern that is moderate-low in the middle and high on both sides;and higher in the southern part and lower in the northern part.(3)The human settlement suitability degree is higher in the western regions and lower in the eastern regions,with Shenyang and Panjin in the west having the highest suitability,while Benxi in the east exhibits the lowest habitat suitability.From 2000 to 2020,except for Shenyang and Panjin where suitability remained constant,the suitability degree of other cities has improved.Among them,Dandong experienced the most significant increase in suitability.