Smoking is not associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM： To analyze the relationship between smoking and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）. METHODS： This is a cross-sectional study of a healthy population, carried out in a check-up unit of a university hospital in Mexico City. We enrolled 933 subjects, 368 current smokers （cases） and 565 persons who had never smoked （controls）. Demographic, metabolic and biochemical variables were measured in the two groups. NAFLD was determined by ultrasound and metabolic syndrome according to ATPⅢ. RESULTS： A total of 548 men （205 cases and 343 controls） and 337 women （114 cases and 223 controls） were included in the analysis. Statistical differences between cases and controls were observed only in high blood pressure prevalence （6.6% vs 11.3%, P〈0.05; cases and controls respectively）, high-density lipoproteins （1.00±0.26 vs 1.06±0.28 mmol/L, P 〈 0.005）, triglycerides （2.18±1.49 vs 1.84±1.1 mmol/L, P〈0.001）, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate （11.3±9.3 vs 13.5±11.9 mm/h, P〈0.001）. No differences were observed in the prevalence of NAFLD （22.27% vs 29.68%, P = NS） and metabolic syndrome （41.69% vs 36.74%, P = NS）. Univariate analysis showed that smoking was not a risk factor for NAFLD （OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.65-1.21）. CONCLUSION： No differences in NAFLD prevalence were observed between current smokers and nonsmokers, and furthermore, no differences were observed in heavy smokers （more than 20 packs/year）, indicating that there js no relationship between smoking and NAFLD.

Acknowledgments to reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review ,a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology.The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles （including those published in this issue and those rejected for this issue）during the last editing time period.

Acknowledgments to reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review, a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastraenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles （including those published in this issue and those rejected for this issue） during the last editing time period.

Acknowledgments to reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review,a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology.The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grareful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles（including those published in this issue and those rejected for this issue）during the last editing time period.

Acknowledgments to reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review,a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology .The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles（including those published in this issue and those rejected for this issue）during hte last editing time period.

Acknowledgments to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review,a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles (including those were published and those were rejected in this issue) during the last editing period of time.

Screening of marine fungus from Nanji Island and activity of their metabolites against pathogenic Vibrio from Pseudosciaena crocea

Seventy-eight marine fungal strains were isolated from sediment samples collected off the coast of Nanji Island, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Antibacterial screening using the agar disc method showed that 19 of the isolated strains could inhibit at least one pathogenic Vibrio from Pseudosciaena crocea. Subsequent screening confirmed that nine strains produced antibacterial metabolites that had activity against one or several types of pathogenic Vibrio. Strain NJ0104 had the widest antimicrobial spectrum and strong activity, particularly against Fibrio parahaemolyticus-MM0810072. A preliminary study of N J0104 antibacterial metabolites demonstrated that they had thermal stability up to 80℃, ultraviolet stability up to 40 min and pH stability between 4.0-7.0. In addition, the antibacterial metabolites were readily soluble in butanol. To identify the specific strain, the ITS-5.8S rDNA regions of NJ0104 were PCR amplified and sequenced. Based on the combination of phenotypic and genotypic data, the strain was identified as Arthrinium sp.

致谢,及三点补充意见

我的发言分两个部分。第一部分是致谢辞，第二部分是对刚才大家发言的三点补充。

Dissertation Acknowledgments:Generic Structure and Linguistic Features

致谢是对在写作过程中他人给予的帮助和贡献以书面形式表示感谢。该语类是硕/博士学位论文中必不可少的组成部分,作者在致谢中对个人或机构的帮助表示感谢,并由此为自己建立一个良好的学术和社会身份。本文试图对照Hyland对致谢部分的语类结构研究,探究中国学生用英语撰写的学位论文致谢部分的特点,其中包括语步及各个步骤的分布、致谢中使用的句型、致谢行为中使用的修饰语和遁言现象以及主语的选择等,对英语学习者论文撰写有一定的指导作用。