反叛女性与权力话语——从《简·爱》到《苏拉》看权力话语

运用福科的权力话语理论 ,比较分析了两部不同时期的女性文学代表作 :《简·爱》和《苏拉》。女性努力挣脱权力话语的束缚而实现自我是它们的共同主题 ,但在反映女主人公的反叛和抗争上 。

“新世界女人”:托尼·莫里森的苏拉

托尼.莫里森(ToniMorrison)的小说《苏拉》(Sula)以“女巫”般的苏拉.皮斯为焦点,从苏拉所代表的“新世界女人”角度,探讨莫里森对苏拉的刻画充满道德暧昧性。苏拉与谢卓埃克的对比,以及与奈尔.莱特的对比正体现了黑人族群内部反叛与顺应,新与旧的相对性。由此,凸现黑人内部的复杂多元,并暗示改变的可能。

苏拉:黑人女性的出路(英文)

《苏拉》是托尼?莫里森的第二部小说。通过两个小女孩的不同人生际遇,作者指明黑人妇女唯有在女性自身的友谊中才能找到本体。

美国主流社会里黑人的精神家园——托尼·莫里森笔下的黑人社团

非洲黑人随着奴隶贸易的暴力"书写",被贩卖到美洲大陆为奴,备受奴隶制的奴役和严重的种族歧视。在梦魇的历史和历史的梦魇纠缠的岁月长河里,黑人自发组织社团帮助黑人自己走出苦难,树立黑人民族的自信心,成为黑人民众心中的精神家园。在黑人社团的精神援助下,黑人们终于在白人主流文化中构建了自己的位置,黑人的传统文化和白人文化因此达成妥协性的"共生",并共同构建着美国当今社会的多元文化。本文拟从托尼.莫里森作品《宠儿》、《最蓝的眼睛》和《苏拉》来分析黑人社团形成的不同历史背景和原因,以及黑人社团产生的凝聚和指挥作用。

An Investigation of Confucian Heuristic Teaching Elicitation Teaching Theory Theory and Socrates

Confucianism （especially its teaching theory） is the core of Chinese traditional culture with Confucius as its representative. It has played an indispensable role in the development of Chinese culture. It is the spiritual pillar of Chinese sustainable development. There are no others that can compare with its teaching method and art. The famous ＂heuristic teaching theory＂ is one of its greatest inventions. But many people think that it is Socrates invention. In fact, Socrates ＂elicitation teaching theory＂ was invented far later than that of Confucius. This paper aims at investigating of these two theories.

Millennial-centennial Scales Climate Changes of Holocene Indicated by Magnetic Susceptibility of High-resolution Section in Salawusu River Valley, China

The upmost segment （Holocene series） of the Milanggouwan stratigraphic section （MGS 1） in the Salawusu River valley shows 11 sedimentary cycles of dune sands and fluvio-lacustrine facies, or dune sands and paleosols. The analysis of the magnetic susceptibility of this segment suggests that there are 11 magnetic susceptibility cycles with the value alternating from low to high, in which the layers of the dune sands correspond to the lower value of the magnetic susceptibility and the layers of fluvio-lacustrine facies and paleosols correspond to the higher peaks. The study reveals that the low and high magnetic susceptibility values indicate the climate dominated by cold-arid winter monsoon and warm-humid summer monsoon of East Asia, respectively, and the study area has experienced at least 22 times of milleunial-centennial scales climate alternation from the cold-arid to the warm-humid during the Holocene. In terms of the time and the climate nature, the variations basically correspond to those of the North Atlantic and some records of cold-warm changes in China as well. They might be caused by the alternation of winter and summer monsoons in the Mu Us Desert induced by global climate fluctuations in the Holocene.

Ayla-Axum Amphorae Through the Red Sea Regions and the Arabian Peninsula During the Medieval Age

The aim of the paper is to present a repertory of all archaeological data about the Ayla-Axum amphorae and its content. The study of these class of material will also highlight some aspects of the Early Medieval trade, a period in which sensible political changes occurred after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The Ayla-Axum amphorae, found in several Red Sea＇s sites, are significant indicators of trading activities in the region, whose production, transport and diffusion are far from having been thoroughly investigated up to now. Although most scholars think it was used to transport date wine, at least judging on some tituli picti found in these containers, in recent years Parker and Dolinka have suggested that they might have carried garum or a similar fish-sauce produced at Ayla-AqabaI.

Research of 1770 MPa galvanized steel wire for stay cable of domestic bridges

This paper focuses on introducing the manufacture technology of 1 770 MPa galvanized steel wires for stay cables applied to domestic bridges.During the development practices of high strength galvanized wire for stay cables used in Sutong Bridge,Baosteel has established three key technologies based on research of manufacture technology and technical innovation.The three key technologies are:"Double Tensioning + limiter die" process,"dominant process + fine adjustment" in integrated optimization technology and "three-level control" in hot dip galvanization.With these key technologies,Baosteel has produced 1 770 MPa galvanized wires for stay cable,which has high tensile strength,low relaxation and good torsion performances.

Distribution Boswellia sacra in Dhofar Mountains, Sultanate of Oman： Economic Value and Environmental Role

Boswellia sacra from Burseraceae family, grows is limited and the land unsuitable for traditional agriculture wild in dry hot lands of southern part of Oman （Dhofar）, where the water purpose. Boswellia sacra is a multipurpose tree, but more famous for its high value olibanum. The olibanum is used for ritual and in church ceremonies worldwide, traditional medicines, pharmaceutical, perfumery, cosmetics, chewing, painting, food flavouring. In addition to this, the species has other numerous environmental, historical, and socio-economical benefits. This study is based on literature reviews, and on the interview local people, as well as on personal field experiences. The objective is to introduce the importance of the species and to study the native habitats, the distribution, and the harvesting techniques. The soil is carbonitic, isohypertherrnic, lithic torriothent, poor in mineral elements. The olibanum produces when the tree tapped by making a thin vertical slicing into the tree trunk. Initial size should be about 18 cm2 （3 × 6 cm） and 1-2 mm in depth and the diameter tree trunk should be not less than 10 cm. Tree tapping should be stopped 2-3 weeks before the rain season. The method of tree tapping and olibanum collection need to be revised for long-term tree protection.

General design of Sutong Bridge

The main span of Sutong Bridge is a double-pylon,double-plane cable-stayed bridge with steel box girder,which has the world's longest central span of 1 088 m within cable-stayed bridges.To overcome problems caused by severe meteorological conditions,perplexing hydrological conditions,deep buried bedrock and higher navigation level,many new technics and methods were created.Keys including structural system,steel box girder,stayed cable,tower,pier,tower foundation,collision avoidance system,wind-resistance,seismic-resistance,structural nonlinear response and structural static stability were presented individually in this paper.

Study on structural system of Sutong Bridge

Sutong Bridge,whose layout is [(100+100+300)+1 088 +(300+100+100)] m,marks the largest span of cable-stayed bridges in the world.The complex natural condition at the bridge site and the strict requirements for resistance of wind and seismic action make it crucial to choose a favorable structural system to assure the function and safety of the bridge.The comparison among several optional structural systems for Sutong Bridge is illustrated.After detailed analysis is carried out for viscous damper and hydraulic buffer,super liquid viscous damper with additional displacement limitation is designed for the first application in bridge engineering.The parameters for the damper is analyzed and studied and the dampers are installed successfully after quality tests.

Hydrochemical characteristics of aquifers in Northern Gezira State,Central Sudan

This paper presents an assessment of the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in Northern Gezira State, Central Sudan. The approaches followed here include the chemical analyses for major ions chemistry and construction of hydrochemical maps of total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na +), bicarbonate (HCO 3 -), and chloride (Cl -) ions. The hydrochemical characteristics of the groundwater in each aquifer and management consideration are discussed. Sources of major ions in groundwater are analyzed. The hydrochemical maps of important species are constructed. The relationship of groundwater to use is elaborated. High concentrations of the chemical and hydrochemical constituents and the occurrence of calcretes (CaCO 3) in upper zones suggest a long history of evaporation and increasing leachates.

The Maghrebian Scholarship and the Development of Muslim Intelligentsias in Sub-Saharan Africa： A Case Study of the Central Bilad al-Sudan

Central Bilad al-Sudan refers to the areas of the ancient Hausa states, and the domains of the ancient Kanem Bornu. As a result of the aged long commercial, cultural, and religious linkages between North Africa and the Central Sudan, one finds so many things in common among the two regions in dress, diets, cultural traits, as well as educational and religious practices. The extent of influence of the North African region on the individual and communal lives of the central Sudan has been extraordinarily great. The central Sudan is one of the most Islamized areas of West Africa, and Arabic language is second language to the Muslim communities in domestic and public spheres. And as a result of the entrenchment of Islam among the people due to the activities of North African scholars and traders the area became the hub of Islamic scholarship. The intellectual history of the Central Bilad al-Sudan cannot be complete without the mention of an Algerian scholar, Muhammad ibn Abd-A1-Kareem al-Maghili who in addition to his scholarly influence took appointment as Special Adviser in Kano in the 1460s. The same could be said of an Egyptian prolific writer, Jalal al-Deen al-Suyuti, who settled in Katsina and Gobir and also took the appointment of Grand Qadi in Katsina in the 15th century. Similarly, books of Sanhaja scholars, Shinqit Ulama＇a, as well as Spanish-Andalusian scholars via Morocco were made available and widely studied in this part of Muslim world. The combination of the activities of such scholars, literature, and learning tradition were responsible lbr the growth and development of Muslim intelligentsia in the central Bilad al-Sudan since the earliest time, and the influence continues to date. Thus this paper aims at examining the phenomenon, primarily by assessing the influence of scholars, literature, and educational institutions from the Maghreb on the intellectual development and the emergence of native scholars and intelligentsia and on the general scholarly trend in the central Bilad al-Sudan.

1944-1949 in the North East of Latvia： Soviet Myths and Reality

The scientific work on collecting and studying life stories started in Latvia in late 1980s, and mainly was devoted to creation of a multi-voiced counteraction to Soviet-era history. In this article, a life story and associated discourse units illustrate not only a point about the speaker, but also about the facts and notions that are common to the post-war Latvia. Post-Soviet society still use to give different accounts of the same facts and of the reasons why they happened. Studying multiform social memories that are forming Latvian collective memory is a way to perceive the processes by which these common-sense notions are constructed. The article demonstrates how to use the life story as a source for local history research and at the same time for people self-awareness research. This article is devoted to the analysis of eye-witnesses＇ （materials gathered from 12 neighboring farmer families） narratives about the post-war reality, comparing the main presumptions of Soviet ideology, existing in Latvia and all other Baltic states, to real life. Provided those presumptions being myths--the term being understood in political science as deceit as a falsifying construct, the author analyses true life stories to show the real danger of intention to exist in some irrational, mythical sphere.

Correlation between Rimjingang belt and Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

The Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt in central-eastern China is considered as a high-pressure and ultrahighpressure metamorphic belt that demensions are comparatively large,and formed as a result of the collision of Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons in eastern China. After continuous discoveries of high-pressure and ultra-high pressure metamorphic assemblages in the Dabie-Sulu area,the issue of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt extending eastward to the Korean Peninsula has been paid attentions widely. The discoveries of eclogites in the Hongsoeng area,the middle-western Korean Peninsula gives rise to the debate on the tectonic affiliations of the southern massifs. Although the Rimjingang belt in the Korean peninsula has been well investigated,the relation and comparative study to the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt are lacking of detail work. In this paper,on the basis of informations and results of our previous works,some new contrastive considerations on the correlation between the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt in central-eastern China and Rimjingang belt in the Korean Peninsula have are provided.

高效液相色谱法测定温肾苏拉甫片中吗啡含量

目的建立温肾苏拉甫片中吗啡的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定温肾苏拉甫片中吗啡的含量,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse Plus C18(4.6 mm×250.0 mm,5.0μm),流动相为甲醇-0.5%醋酸铵(含三乙胺0.08%)-乙腈(9∶82∶9),流速1 m L/min,检测波长287 nm,柱温40℃。结果吗啡的回归方程为:Y=5900X-21700(r=0.9993),说明吗啡在0.410~2.465μg范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为99.20%,RSD为3.65%(n=9)。结论该方法检测结果准确可靠、灵敏度高、重复性好,可作为温肾苏拉甫片中吗啡含量测定的方法。

Effects of suramin on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells of hepatic fibrosis rats

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of suramin in the proliferation and apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells（HSCs）.HSCs were cultured in medium with different doses of suramin.The cell proliferation rate was determined using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium（MTT）assay.Both the cell cycle and proliferation index（PRI）were analyzed using flow cytometry.The apoptotic rate of HSCs was measured using TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling（TUNEL）method.The conformation of HSCs was observed using microscopy.The results indicated that the HSCs proliferation rate of suramin treated cells was significantly reduced compared to the control cells.After HSCs were treated with suramin for 72 h,the cell proliferation rate reached the lowest value compared to the control cells.Our results indicated that suramin inhibited the proliferation of HSCs in a time-and dose-dependent manner.After HSCs were treated with suramin for 24 h,the percentage of HSCs in the G_1 phase exhibited a significant increase,the PRI showed a remarkable decrease,while the HSCs apoptosis rate did not show any obvious change.In addition,it seemed that suramin failed to affect the conformation of HSCs.Our data suggested that within the dose range used in the present study,suramin inhibited the proliferation of HSCs,but it could not induce HSCs apoptosis.

八至十五世纪的中国与也门

古代中国与也门的关系在一定程度上反映了中国与印度洋地区经贸、政治、文化交往的水平。在8至15世纪,中国、也门的相互了解逐渐加深,经济领域出现直接的商贸往来。13-15世纪两国互派使节,在文化领域也有较多交流。15世纪中期,主要由于中国海洋政策的变化,两国的直接交往中断。