舞蹈《莲心》主题思想探析

民族民间舞蹈《莲心》是一支关于信仰的舞蹈,其淡淡的忧伤中略带叛逆的审美,由心而动,由内而发,安静却充满力量。生活中需要这样的舞蹈来给予我们启示,刷新我们日渐麻木和机械的审美。

谈中国肢体戏剧的探索——以剧目《莲心不染》为例

肢体诗剧《莲心不染》是屈轶导演受邀北京电影学院影视戏剧研究所,为表演学院表演系16、17级研究生量身定做的剧目。在基本的台词和故事线索中,以大量结合现代舞、戏曲身法步的肢体语言来塑造角色,外化人物内心。该剧是一则关于生命的东方寓言,呈现出"天人合一"的哲学意象。剧中角色名称是天地众生的代名词,表现了当代社会人性被物化、灵魂被物欲奴役后,人类自我走向毁灭的同时,其对宇宙生态的毁灭性破坏;通过宏大叙事的诗剧构作手法,呈现了一系列天界、神界、灵界等大情结、场面,以万物寂灭重生的起承转合,期冀在宇宙最后的孤独中,人性光芒的回归和照耀——天地人神,和谐共栖。

甘草干切片、炙甘草片及清心莲子饮标准汤剂物质转移率研究

目的研究甘草干切片、炙甘草片及清心莲子饮标准汤剂中甘草酸和甘草苷的转移率。方法采用高效薄层色谱(TLC)法,分别在254 nm和365 nm紫外光下获得甘草干切片、炙甘草片及清心莲子饮标准汤剂暗斑和荧光斑点图谱,分析TLC图谱,并将其转化为曲线,然后利用Origin 2021曲线分析软件对曲线进行分峰拟合、积分,最后计算甘草酸、甘草苷和未知物质S的含量及转移率。结果甘草干切片中甘草酸和甘草苷的含量分别为1.960%,0.508%,符合《中华人民共和国药典(一部)》2020年版要求;甘草酸平均转移率从甘草干切片的100.0%到炙甘草片再到清心莲子饮汤剂分别为80.1%,53.1%,甘草苷分别为81.7%,45.9%,未知物质S分别为65.7%,176.0%。结论高效TLC图经处理后进行含量测定的方法,可以为经典名方药材、饮片及标准汤剂质量控制与质量传递的研究提供基础。

Antiarrhythmic Efficacy of Neferine Assessed by Programmed Electrical Stimulation in a Canine Model of Electropharmacology

An ishemic ventricular tachyarrhythmias canine model was established in open-chest dogs subjected to programmed electrical stimulation (PES)for 5-8 days after acute myocardial infarction. The electrophysiologic effects of neferine (Nef) and procainamide (PA) were observed in this model. With routine methods of PES,ventricular tachycardia (VT)and ventricular fibrillation (VF) could be reproducibly initiated. Both drugs lengthened the QTc interval (P【0.01) and effective refractory period(ERP)of normal and ischemic ventricular myocardia (NERP and IERP) respectively (P【0.01), decreased the dispersion of ERP in ischemic myocardium and the dispersion of ERP in left ventricle (P【0.01), and increased the diastolic excitability threshold of normal and ischemic ventricular myocardia (P【0.01). The two compounds prevented the PES-induced VT or VF (Nef group P【0.01, PA group P【0.05) and ischemia-induced VF (P【0.05). The results indicated that neferine and procainamide may be effective in preventing the onset of reentrant ventricular tachyarrhythmias after myocardial ischemic damage in dogs.

穿心莲内酯对铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物被膜形成的影响及对lasR/rhlR表达的调控机制

目的:研究穿心莲内酯对铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物被膜(BF)形成的影响及对群体感应系统(QS)相关基因lasR/rhlR mRNA表达的调控作用。方法:利用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)直接观察在不同浓度穿心莲内酯(3μg/ml和30μg/ml)作用下,培养72 h的PAO1 BF的生长状态;采用结晶紫定量测定法定量检测穿心莲内酯在300、250、200、150、100、50、25、15、10、5μg/ml剂量下,对72 h内PAO1形成BF厚度的影响;采用实时定量荧光PCR(Real-Time PCR)法考察穿心莲内酯对PAO1 BF形成相关基因lasR/rhlR mRNA表达的影响。结果:空白对照组PAO1在培养72 h后可形成分化成熟、较厚、密布有孔状通道,并在PAO1菌体周围呈团块、形态似"塔状"或"蘑菇状"的不规则BF结构,穿心莲内酯低剂量(3μg/ml)下,BF明显稀薄且平整,高剂量(30μg/ml)下,PAO1分散附着,均未见明显的BF结构。穿心莲内酯在300、250、200、150、100、50、25、20、10、5μg/ml剂量下,72 h内均可影响PAO1 BF的生长,在20μg/ml以上剂量,12、24、36、48、60、72 h时BF厚度明显变薄。与空白组比较,穿心莲内酯在37.5、75μg/ml剂量下均可下调lasR和rhlR基因mRNA的表达。结论:穿心莲内酯可以抑制PAO1 BF形成,该作用机制与下调细菌QS系统中lasR/rhlR基因mRNA表达相关。

穿心莲内酯对铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物被膜形成的影响

目的:采用激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)技术考察穿心莲内酯对铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物被膜形成的影响,进一步揭示穿心莲内酯的抗菌机制。方法:使用玻璃爬片生物被膜培养法,在不同浓度穿心莲内酯(10μg/ml、1μg/ml、0.1μg/ml和0.01μg/ml)条件下孵育PAO1,并分别于24h、48h及72h取出玻璃爬片,用硫氰酸荧光素标记的刀豆蛋白和碘化吡啶双重免疫荧光染色,采用激光共聚焦显微镜技术观察穿心莲内酯对铜绿假单胞菌生物被膜形成的影响,并测量生物被膜的厚度。结果:断层图像显示和空白对照组比较,用药后PAO1生物被膜生长不完全,出现多种形态,其中在0.1μg/ml剂量下,生物被膜呈破碎絮状;与空白对照组比较,穿心莲内酯在0.1μg/ml、0.01μg/ml剂量下,可明显影响PAO1生物被膜的生长厚度。结论:穿心莲内酯可能具有干扰铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物被膜形成的作用。

穿心莲内酯对脑膜炎奈瑟球菌感染大鼠继发内毒素血症的影响

目的:观察穿心莲内酯对脑膜炎奈瑟球菌感染大鼠经抗生素治疗后的内毒素血症的治疗效果及其作用机制。方法:新生11天大鼠,经小脑延髓池进针,注射浓度为3×108cfu/ml的脑膜炎奈瑟球菌混悬液,复制脑膜炎模型。实验分为正常组、模型组、抗生素治疗组(氨苄青霉素钠200 mg/kg)、穿心莲内酯组(50 mg/kg)、激素组(地塞米松1 mg/kg)。连续给药6天后观察各组的存活率、平均最高体温增量、血浆脂多糖水平、血清TNF-α、IL-6水平,Western印迹法测定脑膜组织p65和IκBα表达水平。结果:50 mg/kg穿心莲内酯和激素治疗组存活率明显高于抗生素组,平均最高体温增量、血浆脂多糖水平、血清TNF-α和IL-6水平显著低于抗生素组;p65表达水平低于模型和单用抗生素组,而IκBα的表达水平高于模型和单用抗生素组。结论:穿心莲内酯对脑膜炎奈瑟球菌感染大鼠经抗生素治疗后的内毒素血症具有一定的治疗效果,其机制可能是通过抑制NF-B炎症通路,进而抑制炎症反应有关。

Reversal of Multidrug Resistance by Neferine in Adriamycin Resistant Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7/ADM

Objective: To study the reversal effect of neferine on adriamycin (ADM) resistant human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADM. Methods: The cytotoxic effect of Nef or ADM was determined by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2.-yl], 5-diphenyl tetraxolium bromid (MTT) assay. Apoptosis and the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The intracellular ADM concentration was measured by HPLC. Results: Nef at 1, 5, 10 mol/L decreased the IC50 of ADM to MCF-7/ADM from 11.63 g/mL to 4.59, 2.44, 0.27 g/mL respectively. MCF-7/ADM could resist the apoptosis induced by ADM while Nef (1-10 mol/L) could augment ADR-mediated apoptosis. Nef (10 mol/L) increased the accumulation of ADM up to 2.88 fold in MCF-7/ADM but not in sensitive cells MCF-7/S and reduced the expression of P-gp in MCF-7/ADM cells. Conclusion: Nef can circumvent multidrug resistance (MDR) of MCF-7/ADM cells and the mechanism was associated with the increase of intracellular accumulation of ADM and the reduced expression of P-gp in MCF-7/ADM cells.

Response of Invasive Plant Alligatorweed to Salt Stress at Early Growth Stage

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the early growth stage＇s response of invasive plant alligatorweed（Alternanthera philoxeroides） under salt stress.[Method] The alligatorweed was cultivated with four different NaCl concentrations 0（control）, 100, 200, 300 mmol/L diluted in 1/2 Hoagland＇s solution at early stage.During the period, we measured the number of nodes and leaves, length, fresh weight, dry weight and water content of stems to determine the effect of salt on alligatorweed growth. [Result] Compared with control, the node number, leaf number,length, fresh weight and dry weight of the stems significantly changed in NaCl solution, and the difference was positively related to NaCl concentration. We concluded that middle and high concentrations of NaCl significantly inhibited the growth of alligatorweed, by suppressing the node number, leaf number, length, fresh weight and dry weight of the stems. Among them, the stem length and fresh weight were more sensitive to NaCl stress. [Conclusion] The present result is helpful to understand the alligatorweed＇s adaptability to saline environment, and also helpful to prevent its invasion in such environment.

Effects of Fragmentation Intensity of Perennial Roots and Their Burial Depth on Sprouting and Early Growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb

[Objective] The aim was to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the invasion of Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart.）Griseb.[Method] Effects of fragmentation intensity of fresh roots and their burial depth on sprouting and early growth of A.philoxeroides were studied by control test.[Result] More sprouts of A.philoxeroides emerged when the fragmentation intensity of fresh roots was higher,while if the fragmentation intensity of fresh roots was lower,the early growth of A.philoxeroides was more rapid.The soil buried depth had significant effect on fresh root sprouts＇ emergence,but once fresh root sprouts could reach the soil surface and were given enough growth time,even if the fresh roots were buried in different depths,soil buried depth had no significant effect on its young plant growth.[Conclusion] If different fragmentation intensities of fresh roots present,there is a kind of trade-off strategy between root sprouts＇ emergence and plant＇ early growth,by which A.philoxeroides can invade new habitat successfully.To control the invasion of A.philoxeroides,it is critical to prevent its fresh root sprouts from emerging to soil surface,that is,to bury the fresh roots at a further soil depth.

Effect of Lead Stress on Growth Characteristics and Physiological Indexes of Alternanthera philoxeroides

[Objective] The paper aimed to discuss effects of different concentrations of lead stress on Alternanthera philoxeroides growth and physiological indices,to explore phytoremediation methods for removal of lead pollution. [Method] A. philoxeroides in water culture was treated with different concentration of lead,and then,its external injury was observed,its growth and physiological indexes were measured. [Result] A. philoxeroides biomass and chlorophyll content decreased; conductivity and malonaldehyde （MDA ） content were increased; the SOD,POD and CAT activities showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with increase in concentration of lead stress. [Conclusion] With increase in lead concentration,the cell membrane permeability increased and MDA had a higher accumulation,antioxidant enzymes activity decreased,the normal oxidative metabolism of A. philoxeroides was severely affected,leading it to wilt.

穿心莲内酯的协同抗菌作用及相关机制研究

目的:研究穿心莲内酯对左氧氟沙星抗铜绿假单胞菌的协同抗菌作用及相关机制研究。方法:用铜绿假单胞菌PAO1复制小鼠腹腔菌感染模型,考察穿心莲内酯对左氧氟沙星的协同抗菌作用;利用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-Time PCR)技术考察穿心莲内酯在100μg/ml、1μg/ml、0.01μg/ml剂量下对铜绿假单胞菌PAO1群体感应系统(QS)系统中lasR、rhlR和pvd Q基因mRNA在24h内表达量的影响,分析药物协同抗菌作用的机制;考察穿心莲内酯在100μg/ml、1μg/ml、0.01μg/ml剂量下对PAO1胞内总蛋白和己糖激酶(HK)活性的影响作用。结果:体内抗感染保护性实验显示,左氧氟沙星和穿心莲内酯配比中剂量组(1∶0.1587)和低剂量组(1∶0.0373),感染动物24h^72h死亡率明显降低,作用明显优于单用左氧氟沙星,提示其保护性作用明显加强;Real-Time PCR实验结果显示,穿心莲内酯不同剂量对PAO1 lasR、rhlR和pvd Q基因mRNA的表达均呈现相似的先抑制后加强再抑制的动态调控趋势;在各剂量穿心莲内酯影响下,PAO1胞内总蛋白量未见明显变化,但己糖激酶活力降低明显,各剂量组与空白组比较均存在明显差异。结论:穿心莲内酯对左氧氟沙星呈现体内的协同抗铜绿假单胞菌作用,而且对PAO1 QS系统相关基因存在规律性调控,同时这一调节作用可能与降低细菌胞内己糖激酶活性存在关联。

穿心莲内酯对前列腺癌PC-3细胞的凋亡作用及机制研究

目的:研究穿心莲内酯对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的增殖、凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法:体外培养PC-3细胞,采用CCK-8法测定穿心莲内酯对PC-3细胞的生长抑制率,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,运用荧光定量PCR法检测Bcl-2、Bax的mRNA的表达,Western blot法检测Bcl-2、Bax的蛋白表达水平。结果:20μmol/L、40μmol/L穿心莲内酯能够显著抑制PC-3细胞的增殖、促进细胞凋亡,并明显下调Bcl-2的mRNA和蛋白的表达,上调Bax的mRNA和蛋白的表达,且呈明显量效关系。结论:穿心莲内酯能够抑制PC-3细胞的增殖,促进癌细胞早期凋亡,其机制可能是通过下调Bcl-2和上调Bax的基因和蛋白的表达而实现的。

Three Salts of Labdanic Acids from Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae)

Three salts of labdanic acids, named as magnesium andrographate, disodium andrographate and dipotassium andrographate 19-O-beta -D-glucoside were isolated from the hydrophilic extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees. (Acanthaceae), together with guanosine, uridine, 6-epihardpagide, procumbide, violanthin and apigenin 7-O-beta -D-glucoside. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical transformation.

Andrographolide inhibits NF-KB activation and attenuates neointimal hyperplasia in arterial restenosis

The NF-kB transcription factors modulate the expression of tissue factor （TF）, E-selectin （CD62E） and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （VCAM-1）, which are essential for thrombosis and inflammation. We have previously shown that andrographolide （Andro） covalently modifies the reduced cysteine^62 of p50-a major subunit of NF-kB transcription factors, thus blocking the binding of NF-kB transcription factors to the promoters of their target genes, preventing NF-kB activation and inhibiting inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Here we report that Andro, but not its inactive structural analog 4H-Andro, significantly suppressed the proliferation of arterial neointima （-60% reduction） in a murine model of arterial restenosis. Consistently, p50^-/- mice manifested attenuated neointimal hyperplasia upon arterial ligation. Notably, the same dosage of Andro did not further reduce neointimal formation in p50^-/- mice, which implicates the specificity of Andro on p50 for treating experimental arterial restenosis. The upregulation of NF-kB target genes, including TF, E-selectin and VCAM-1, and the increased deposition of leukocytes （mainly CD68^＋ macrophages） were clearly detected within the injured arterial walls, all of which were significantly abolished by treatment with Andro or genetic deletion of p50. The expression ofTF, E-selectin and VCAM-I was also markedly upregulated in the patient sample of thrombotic vasculitis, indicating the clinical relevance of NF-kB activation in the pathogeneses of occlusive arterial diseases. Our data thus indicate that, by the downregulation of the NF-kB target genes that are critical in thrombosis and inflammation, specific inhibitors of p50, such as Andro, may be therapeutically valuable for preventing and treating thrombotic arterial diseases, including neointimal hyperplasia in arterial restenosis.

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata： Effect of the Solvent Flow Rate, Pressure, and Temperature

Andrographis paniculata Nees has been extensively used for traditional medicine and help against fever dysentery, diarrhoea, inflammation, and sore throat. In this study, andrographolide, the main component of this plant was extracted from the leaves of A. paniculata using supercritical carbon dioxide. The operating pressures were varied from 7.50 to 20MPa, the temperatures were varied from 30℃ to 60℃, and the flow rates were varied from 0.5 to 4ml.min^-1. The best extraction condition occurred at 10MPa, 40℃, and a flow rate of 2ml.min^-1 for a 3g sample of A. paniculata ground-dried leaves. The measured extraction rate was found to be about 0.0174g of andrographolide per gram of andrographolide present in the leaves per hour of operation. The future studies must focus on the interaction between the various operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate of supercritical carbon dioxide.

王海副教授运用加味清心莲子饮治疗小儿孤立性血尿经验举隅

王海副教授通过对孤立性血尿患儿的临证观察,认为该病的主要病机为气阴两虚,湿热下注。国医大师张琪教授所创加味清心莲子饮原用于气阴两虚、湿热未尽等慢性肾病恢复期的治疗,王老师结合儿科临床特点将其扩展应用于小儿孤立性血尿的治疗中,方证契合,亦获佳效。附验案1则,以资验证。

莲心虽苦润心田

老家的门口不远处有一片水塘，荷花一到夏季就开始徐徐漫漫地铺展开来。在儿时，我所期待的倒不是那姿态百千的映日荷花别样红，而是藏身于荷花与荷叶之间的包裹在硕大的莲蓬里的莲子。

Influence of Eco-friendly Manures on Leaf Biomass Production of a Traditional Medicinal Plant Adhatoda vasica Nees under Upper Brahmaputra Valley Agroclimatic Zone

Effect of different organic manures on production of leaf biomass of a potential medicinal plant Adhatoda vasica Nees. was studied at Dibrugarh University under Upper Brahmaputra Valley Agroclimatic Zone of India during 2008-2010. The aim was to know about the agronomic requirements of the wild medicinal plant for its organic cultivation. The plant reproduces by vegetative means through stem cutting. The nursery plants were prepared from the terminal soft-wood cuttings. The experiments were laid down in RBD with 3 m ×6 m block sizes. Cowdung, compost and vermicompost were used as organic manure. Manures were applied at three levels eg. cowdung at 12.0, 19.5 and 27.0 t ha-1 compost at 7.5, 15.0 and 27.7 t ha-1 and vermicompost at 2.5, 3.0 and 3.75 t ha-1. Eighty percent of every dose was applied one week ahead of plantation and the rest was applied after two months of plantation. Irrigation was not necessary as usual rainfall occurred during the period. Hand weeding was done first time after two months of plantation and again just before application of the second part of the manure. Mature leaves were first harvested by picking them in the first week of October to avoid loss due to leaf fall and finally all the leaves were harvested by teaming the branches in second week of November. In the next year, the mature leaves of the newly sprouted branches on the teamed plants were harvested in May and the final harvest was done by teaming the branches again in October. The total leaf biomass was expressed in t ha-1 （dry wt.）. The total nitrogen in the manure was determined by kjeldahl method, phosphorus by spectrophotometric method and potassium by flame photometric method, pH in 1：5 water suspension and organic matter by Walkley and Black＇s titration method. Maximum leaf biomass （2.74 t ha1） and economic benefit （Rs. 30,941 ha-1） were obtained in cowdung at 27.0 t ha-1 followed by cowdung at 19.5 t ha-1（2.50 t hal and Rs. 26,955 ha-1）, compost at 22.7 t ha-1 （2.35 t ha-1 and Rs. 22,132 hal）. Organic cultivation ofA. vasica, using locally available and cheap organic manures like cowdung and compost is highly encouraging. The technique is eco-friendly and its value will be many times more if it is calculated in terms of environmental health. The technique is therefore, recommended for sustainable management of the wild and important medicinal plant of this Agroclimatic Zone. Vermicompost is not advisable because of its higher input cost than the others.

采用膜片钳技术观察3种中药复方含药血清对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道的作用

目的:采用膜片钳技术观察3种中药复方含药血清对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道的作用,探索膜片钳技术和血清药理学实验相结合的的可行性和分析方法。方法:采用血清药理学方法获得大鼠空白血清和3种中药复方制剂(芪苈强心胶囊、参松养心胶囊和莲松异搏停片)含药血清,应用急性酶解分离法获得大鼠的单个心肌细胞,使用膜片钳技术记录L-型钙通道电流,观察给药这些血清灌流前后L-型钙通道电流的变化。结果:(1)给予不同稀释浓度(1:10;1:5;1:4;1:2)的空白血清前后,钙通道电流峰值无明显变化。(2)与空白血清比较,芪苈强心胶囊(0.37g/kg灌胃,以下同)含药血清可明显增高电流峰值幅度,而参松养心胶囊(0.8g/kg灌胃)和莲松异搏停片(0.8g/kg灌胃)含药血清可明显降低电流峰值幅度。(3)空白血清可使钙通道电压电流曲线和稳态激活曲线左移;与空白血清比较,芪苈强心含药血清可使电压电流曲线下移,稳态激活曲线左移。(4)空白血清灌流后钙通道稳态失活曲线和失活恢复时间曲线皆无明显改变,芪苈强心含药血清可以提高了钙通道失活后恢复幅度和恢复时间常数,对稳态失活曲线无明显影响。结论:采用膜片钳技术和血清药理学实验相结合的方法能够观察中药复方对心肌细胞L-型钙通道的作用和作用特点。