“有裨风教”与“舒其愤懑”的双重考量——章学诚修改《文史通义·言公》初稿考论

《言公》是《文史通义》中重要的文章,是章学诚批判乾嘉学风的代表作,存在着不同的版本。将《湖海文传》本《言公》与通行本比勘,文字差异颇大。考察这种差异,可知章学诚晚年对其进行了补写改订,一方面保留了手稿批判不良学风,倡导言公传统的主旨;另一方面则与其自身遭遇有关,有借以回应"盗卖"《史籍考》舆论风波的意图,体现出"有裨风教"与"舒其愤懑"的双重考虑。这对了解《文史通义》篇章的内容变化及其与章氏晚年境遇之间的关系颇有助益。

Ultimate Load Capacity and Reinforcement of Circular-Hollow-Section N-Joint

Experimental research and numerical analysis were applied to study the ultimate load capacity(ULC) and reinforcement of circular-hollow-section N-joint.Four specimens were tested under static load.The ULC of each specimen was obtained and the detailed failure conditions were discussed.Based on the results, both welding a plate on the chord member and filling concrete in the chord member are effective to reinforce the N-joint, but it is suggested that these two methods should not be applied simultaneously.Mo...

Identity-Based Proxy Verifiably Encrypted Signature Scheme

A Verifiably Encrypted Signature (VES) plays an essential role in the construction of a fair data exchange. The paper proposes an Identity-based Proxy Verifiably Encrypted Signature (IPVES) to combine the advantages of a proxy signature and a VES in order to delegate the signing capability of the VES of an entity called the original signer to another entity, called the proxy signer. In this IPVES scheme, the original signer delegates his/her signing capability to the proxy signer. The proxy signer issues a signature by using a proxy signing key, encrypts the signature under a designated public key, and subsequently convinces a verifier that the resulting ciphertext contains such a signature. We prove that the proposed IPVES scheme is secure in a random oracle model under the computational Diffie-Hellman assumption.

Lexical Bundles and Implicit Lexical Knowledge

In recent years, there have been emergent interests in L2 learners＇ implicit lexical knowledge. Researchers employed psycholinguistic methods to investigate the online processing of formulaic sequences in L2 （idioms and collocations） and find evidence for holistic processing of the target linguistic sequences. This paper reviews and comments on lexical bundles and related concepts, trying to make clear this well focused research area in second language acquisition （SLA）. Literature is reviewed and criticized on frequency effect in L2 learning, formulaic sequences, and implicit/explicit knowledge/learning, including their theoretical basis, methodology, and conclusion. In this paper, the author argues that sufficient practice, either receptive or productive, can turn explicit knowledge implicit, making it automatically accessed and retrieved. Suggestions on further study in lexical bundles are given.

On the Consistency of ZF^n in ZF^(n+3)

By restricting the common replacement axiom schema of ZF to ∑~M-formulae,Professor Zhang Jinwen constructed a series of subsystems of Zennelo-Frankel set theory ZF and he called them ZF^M.Zhao Xi shun show that the consistency of ZF^M can be deducted from ZF.Professor Zhang Jinwen raised the question whether the consistency of ZF^M can be deducted from ZF^(M+m(M)) for some m(n)≥1.In this paper,we get a positive solution to Professor Zhang's problem.Moreover,we show that the consistency of ZF^M can be deducted from ZF^(M+3).

The Analysis of Application and Problems in Bilingual Public Signs or Plates

Public ad is one of the components in the language construction with the using of language and words. The paper applies the social linguistic method, taking public ads in Beijing, Guangzhou, and Xinjiang as the study case. The result shows that standards of public ads are not varied. And there are many problems to be solved. First, the paper will have a review of the papers concerned with the topic. Secondly, the part is to talk about the functions of the signs, the classification of public ads, and the application of public ads. Thirdly, the paper is about the problems language application in the public and the analysis of the pubic ads. Lastly, it is the suggestion about the overall application of the bilingual language pubic signs--the English signs in cities in China.

A Public Verifiable Identity Based Signcryption in the Random Oracle Model

Since Libert and Quisquater's identity based signcryption scheme cannot provide public verifiability after research, the paper proposes a new identity based signcryption scheme. The scheme uses quadratic residue and pairings over elliptic curves to realize public verifiability. By analysis the scheme is proved to be more efficient than Libert and Quisquater's scheme. Moreover, a security proof of the original scheme is presented in the random oracle model.

Specifications of learner needs for the course Public speaking

Setting clear goals for oral English courses is especially important for EFL instruction, and these goals should be derived from learner needs. This paper identifies specific needs of college students who take the course Public speaking. The results show that EFL learners need to improve their public speaking strategies in the areas of logic, accuracy, fluency, environment for practice, and eloquence.

Teaching Gallo at School

This study explores the origins and current status of the Gallo language at school--a minority language spoken in the eastern part of Brittany--among older speakers （group 1-41 informants） and students of Gallo （group 2-17 informants）. The paper discusses different pedagogical methods, learning materials, and learners＇ status. The most important mission of schools is to increase public awareness about their linguistic environment which helps reassert minority identity through language acquisition and linguistic maintenance. Implementing an educational language curriculum for regional languages constitutes a main step towards the preservation of linguistic minorities. According to the informants interviewed during the fieldwork, both groups express positive reactions towards the presence of Gallo at school （group 1--80%; group 2--92.9%）. However, in follow-up discussions, a certain number of older speakers seem to be more reluctant, because the variety of Gallo taught at school is different from the one which was transmitted to them. In conclusion, bilingual and immersion programs are increasingly successful in Brittany and could lead to a wider recognition of Eastern Brittany＇s language and culture.

Predicting GM(1,N) Model for the Coefficient of Variation of Hectometer Yarn's Weight

The Coefficient of Variation(CV)of hectometer yarn's weight is one of the guidelines to evaluate its intrinsic quality.In the spinning manufacturing,the control of cotton yarn's weight unevenness is accomplished mainly in terms of a spot-check on semi-product and a succedent adjust in process parameters during spinning based on technicians' experience.However,it is theoretically believed among manufacturers that with fixed technical levels and parameters in the spinning process,the quality parameters of assorted cotton have a certain influence on the CV.In order to find out a rule of the influence that assorted cotton has on the CV,a GM(1,N)model,correlated raw cotton's quality parameter with the CV,has firstly been developed according to the modeling theory of grey system,and then been applied in the designing step to predict the CV.It has been approved by practical modeling and validation that the model could fit preferably an accrual CV value,and provide a method of quantitative predicting analysis for textile manufacturers to design cotton yarn's quality.

Investigation on the Validity of Outdoor Public Service Advertising Language in Guangzhou

The primary aim of this paper is to survey the effect of outdoor public service advertisements on the audience. Taking questionnaire as the method, this study has discussed the validity of outdoor Public Service Advertising Language of citizens in Guangzhou, which from the aspects of attention, acceptance and comprehension. The results of the survey indicate that the effectiveness of outdoor advertising language in Guangzhou is generally optimistic. Then the problems incurred by outdoor advertising language are discussed according to the analysis result. Finally, relevant suggestions and measures were proposed for improving the impact of public service advertising.

Translating Chinese Public Signs into English from Context of the Adaptation Theory

Translation of public signs is related to the image of a city. It has aroused more and more concerns in recent years, for translations of these public signs are often totally wrong or inappropriate. Although many translators have pointed out all kind of mistakes, there is no guiding theory in translating public signs. According to the adaptation theory by Jef. Verschuren, the use of language is just to make continuous choices in order to adapt to the needs of communications. This scientific new research angle can explain and guide translation of public signs. The argument of this paper is how to translate Chinese public signs into English from different context. And it will be analyzed from three different ways： linguistic, communicative, dynamic dimensions.

The Theme Selection And Language Analysis Of Outdoor Public Service Advertisement In Guangzhou

As a dynamic language phenomenon, public service advertisement reflects the social language life. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the theme selection and language of outdoor public service advertisement language in Guangzhou. It describes the features and expressions of outdoor public service advertisement in subject content, sentence form and rhetoric, aimed at understanding the basic situation and effect of public service advertisement on the audience, and guiding the audience to improve their morality and behavior.

The fable paradigm of the gender pay gap： Evidence from Portuguese private firms

This study investigates gender income disparity in Portuguese firms using separate Tobit models for men and women. While job segregation seems to be one of the major sources of gender disparity, women do not appear to be systematically underpaid in predominantly female occupations, regardless of the industry. The authors found that gender pay gap is larger in domestic firms, and it increases with employees＇ accumulated tenure and decreases with advanced education for women and on labor market entry. Despite showing some encouraging cracks, the glass ceiling still continues to prevent women from reaching top management positions. Finally, despite it appears wage disparity does exist, and it will probably continue to exist, the results point towards a window of opportunity for women.

“Not Now!”1—On the Contemporary Relevance of Faulkner＇s Exploration of the Blacks

The accession of an African-American Obama to the U.S. Presidency in 2008 is an epoch-making event. The thesis focuses on the current situation of the blacks in U.S. to highlight the prophetic nature of Faulkner, the Nobel Prize winning American novelist＇s exploration of the blacks throughout his career, namely, the miserable living states of the blacks, racial segregation against the blacks in the sphere of education and religion, racial discrimination against the blacks with regard to civil rights, racial persecution against the blacks in legal cases, and the dependency upon the black leadership to salvage the multi-ethnic nation and so on. The paper comes up with the conclusion that Faulkner is accurate in his prophecy that the savior of the nation, the blacks shall suffer and lead.

Implementing kinematics computation in FPGA co-processor for a 6-DOF space manipulator

Based on the coordinate rotation digital computer(CORDIC)algorithm,the high-speed kinematicscalculation for a six degree of freedom(DOF)space manipulator is implemented in a field programmablegate array(FPGA)co-processor.A pipeline architecture is adopted to reduce the complexity and time-consumption of the kinematics calculation .The CORDIC soft-core and the CORDIC-based pipelined kine-matics calculation co-processor are described with the very-high-speed integrated circuit hardware descrip-tion language(VHDL)language and realized in the FPGA .Finally,the feasibility of the design is vali-dated in the Spartan-3 FPGA of Xilinx Inc.,and the performance specifications of FPGA co-processor arediscussed.The results show that time-consumption of the kinematics calculation is greatly reduced.

Determinant formula and a realization for the Lie algebra W(2,2)

In this paper, an explicit determinant formula is given for the Verma modules over the Lie algebra W(2, 2). We construct a natural realization of a certain vaccum module for the algebra W(2, 2) via the Weyl vertex algebra. We also describe several results including the irreducibility, characters and the descending filtrations of submodules for the Verma module over the algebra W(2, 2).

Parabolic equations and Feynman-Kac formula on general bounded domains

Parabolic equations on general bounded domains are studied. Usingthe refined maximum principle, existence and the semigroup property of solutions are obtained. It is also shown that the solution obtained by PDE's method has the Feynmann_Kac representation for any bounded domains.

Criminal Law Boundaries for Freedom of Speech in the Online Era

Demarcating the boundary between the constitutional right to freedom of speech and online speech crime is a major task before Chinese judiciary.In defining speech crime,we need to draw distinctions between facts and opinions;public and private affairs;and subjective and objective reality.Under the reasonable belief rule,“subjective reality”must be treated as justifiable cause.Given the technological applications and social nature of online media,internet service providers are only obliged to be neutral;they must not indiscriminately be deemed to be guilty of being accomplices or of the crime of nonperformance.In litigation involving speech crime,criminal proceedings must,in principle,be launched on the basis of the actual or presumed wishes of the victim.When a speech act seriously jeopardizes social order and the national interest but the victim is unable to determine whether to lay a charge,a direct public prosecution may be carried out.Finding someone guilty of“seriously jeopardizing law and order and the national interest”must be based on real,material disruption of order and on the fact that the suspect acted deliberately with no legitimate purpose.Minor speech crimes must not be indiscriminately subjected to fixed-term imprisonment,and social media tools serve routine purposes and should not be confiscated without good reason.

Evaluation of Different Predictor Models for Detailed Soil Particle-Size Distribution

An accurate mathematical representation of soil particle-size distribution(PSD) is required to estimate soil hydraulic properties or to compare texture measurements using different classification systems. However, many databases do not contain full PSD data,but instead contain only the clay, silt, and sand mass fractions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the abilities of four PSD models(the Skaggs model, the Fooladmand model, the modified Gray model GM(1,1), and the Fredlund model) to predict detailed PSD using limited soil textural data and to determine the effects of soil texture on the performance of the individual PSD model.The mean absolute error(MAE) and root mean square error(RMSE) were used to measure the goodness-of-fit of the models, and the Akaike's information criterion(AIC) was used to compare the quality of model fits. The performance of all PSD models except the GM(1,1) improved with increasing clay content in soils. This result showed that the GM(1,1) was less dependent on soil texture.The Fredlund model was the best for describing the PSDs of all soil textures except in the sand textural class. However, the GM(1,1) showed better performance as the sand content increased. These results indicated that the Fredlund model showed the best performance and the least values of all evaluation criteria, and can be used using limited soil textural data for detailed PSD.