17世纪欧洲对针灸的初识与想像——以威廉·瑞恩《论针灸》为中心

17世纪下半叶,荷兰东印度公司的医生威廉·瑞恩曾经在日本短期旅居,他于1683年出版了拉丁语著作《论关节炎》一书,其中有瑞恩摹绘的4幅铜人图,以及他对针灸技术的详细记述,这两部分内容于1974年以《论针灸》为题发表于英文期刊。这是欧洲第一份详论针灸的文献,其中对针灸理论与技术的记述渗透着瑞恩作为一个深谙欧洲传统与近代医学知识的学者的背景思想,他不仅援用了古希腊医学理论来解读针灸,而且用当时的血液循环理论去印证经络理论。《论针灸》是西方世界对东方针灸的初识,也掺入了欧洲医生对中国医学的想像,其影响延续至今。

追本溯源,内外兼修——评张树剑《中国针灸思想史论》

针灸既是传统技术,又是现代学科,如何认识其历史真实以及如何面对现代挑战,都是当前的重要课题。张树剑的新作《中国针灸思想史论》一方面对针灸的基本概念的起源及其演变进行了详细的探讨,理清了针灸理论传统与现代之间的关系,同时回答了针灸科学化面临的问题。同时,本书有勇气打破惯性的理论框架,指出了理论与实践之间的矛盾。另外,学术史和理论史的研究,会受到社会文化思潮、政治变革以及各种外在因素的影响,本书内史与外史相结合的写作也是正是当前学界所关注的重要视角。

Thoughts on the conclusion of no differences between acupuncture and sham acupuncture in clinical researches of migraine in foreign countries

Aiming at the conclusion that ＂there is no difference in efficacy between acupuncture and sham-acupuncture＂ in clinical research field of migraine in foreign countries in recent years, through the discussions on the definition of sham acupuncture （placebo acupuncture）, the principles required to be obey in satisfactory placebo acupuncture, the definition, location, function as well as clinical results of shallow puncture, the authors probed into whether shallow puncture could be the control method of sham acupuncture （placebo acupuncture） in clinical research of acupuncture. It was demonstrated in the results that ＂acupuncture with minimal stimulation on skin superficial layer of meridian points or non-meridian points＂, the so-called control method of ＂sham acupuncture （placebo acupuncture）＂ excited holistic regulation of human body quite probably through ＂shallow puncture on cutaneous region of meridians＂ to achieve therapeutic effects. Hence, this method is not the appropriate control method of placebo acupuncture and cannot be the control method of sham acupuncture （placebo acupuncture） in clinical research of acupuncture. Therefore, it is naturally to repudiate the conclusion that ＂there is no difference in efficacy between acupuncture and sham acupuncture＂ in the research where this method is taken as the control of placebo acupuncture.

Knee osteoarthritis treated with acupuncture based on syndrome differentiation:a randomized controlled trial

Objective To compare the efficacy differences between acupuncture and western medicine in treating osteoarthritis of knee joints.Methods One hundred and twenty cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a western medication group with 60 cases in each group.In the acupuncture group,acupuncture was applied mainly at Nèixīyǎn（内膝眼 EX-LE 4）,Dúbí（犊鼻 ST 35）,Yīnlíngquán（阴陵泉 SP 9） and Yánglíngquán（阳陵泉 GB 34） plus other acupoints selected according to syndrome differentiation.In the medication group,Glucosamine Hydrochloride capsules were orally given 3 times daily with 2 capsules each time.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index（WOMAC）,Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36,Chinese version） were used to assess therapeutic effects before treatment,after 4 weeks treatment and 9 weeks after treatment,respectively.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the total effective rates were 86.7%（52/60） and 88.3%（53/60） in the acupuncture group and the western medication group,respectively,without significant difference（P〈0.05）.In 9 weeks after treatment,the total effective rates were 83.3%（50/60） and 61.7%（37/60） in the acupuncture group and the western medication group,respectively,with significant difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）.According to WOMAC and SF-36,the scores were all improved in both groups（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,with significant difference in follow-up visit of 9 weeks after treatment between the two groups（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,but not after 4 weeks of treatments（both P〈0.05）.Conclusion Short-term of therapeutic effects of acupuncture and oral administration of Glucosamine Hydrochloride on osteoarthritis of knee joints are similar,but long-term efficacy in the acupuncture group is better than that in the western medication group.

Effect of 43 cases of temporomandibular joint dysfunction treated with thumb-tack needle based on the meridian cutaneous region theory

Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of thumb-tack needle on temporomandibular joint dysfunction（TMD）.Methods： A total of 43 outpatients of TMD were treated with thumb-tack needle. After the skin routine sterilization, the intradermal needles, 0.2 mm x 1.5 mm（the SEIRIN-thumb-tack needle） were embedded subcutaneously at Zúlinqì（足临泣GB 41）, Zhōngzhǔ（中渚 TE 3） and Xiàguān（下关 ST 7） on the affected side. The acupoints were pressed and kneaded gently to induce mild soreness and distention.When pressing and kneading GB 41 and TE 3, the patients were required to open and close the mouth in small amplitude to achieve the effects of kinetic acupuncture. The treatment was given twice a week.The needles were retained for 24 h. A total of 6 treatments were required.Results： A total of 22 cases were cured, accounting for 51.16%, 15 cases effective remarkably, accounting for 34.88% and 6 cases failed, accounting for 13.95%. The total effective rate was 86.05%.Conclusion： The thumb-tack needle is significantly effective on TMD.

Meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials for scalp acupuncture treatment of stroke：A systematic review

OBJECTIVE:To conduct a systematic review to assess the clinical effectiveness of scalp acupuncture(SA) for stroke.METHODS:Literature searches were performed in7 databases up to 16 August 2014,and all the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) in which SA therapy was administered to stroke patients were selected.Methodological quality was assessed using the Jadad score,the Cochrane risk of bias assessment,and the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture.RESULTS:Of a total of 2086 papers,21 RCTs were selected.Meta-analysis revealed significant differences in the total efficacy rates of the SA group and the body acupuncture(BA) group vs the medication group(P < 0.002,P < 0.000 001,respectively),the SA plus BA group vs the BA group(P < 0.001);in the motor function of the SA plus BA group vs the BA group(P = 0.077);and in the nerve function of the SA group vs the SA plus BA group(P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION:The results of our systematic review showed that SA therapy may exhibit effects in treatment efficacy and in the recovery of motor and nervous functions in patients with acute to chronic stroke.However,because of the lack of methodological quality,the thoroughly planned clinical studies are still required.

Research Progress of Acupuncture-moxibustion for Insomnia: An Analysis of Literature in Recent 5 Years

By searching and analyzing the literature related to acupuncture- moxibustion in treating insomnia in both Chinese and English databases from 2007 to 2012, this paper systematically elaborated the up-to-date research progress of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy in treating insomnia, i.e. acupuncture, electroacupuncture, auricular point, abdominal acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, acupoint injection, and moxibustion. It also analyzed the existing problems and highlighted the future studies.

Clinical Study on Acupuncture-moxibustion Treatment for Insomnia in Heart-spleen Deficiency

Objective： To observe the clinical effects of ZHAO＇s thunder-fire moxibustion in the treatment of insomnia in heart-spleen deficiency. Methods： 70 patients were randomly divided into two groups, 35 cases in the treatment group, managed by thunder-fire moxibustion and acupuncture, 35 cases in the control group, managed by single acupuncture treatment. Results： The results showed cure in 8 cases, remarkable effect in 15 cases, effect in 10 cases, failure in 2 cases and the total effective rate in 91.4% in the treatment group, and cure in 4 cases, remarkable effect in 11 cases, effect in 11 cases, failure in 9 cases, and the total effective rate in 74.2% in the control group. The difference is statistically significant in comparison of the total effective rates between the two groups （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Thunder-fire moxibustion gives a better therapeutic effect in the acupuncture treatment of insomnia in heart-spleen deficiency.

Consideration on diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of symptoms and signs in acupuncture clinic

There is worrying about current clinical situation on diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of symptoms and signs in acupuncture. Japanese specialists in the acupuncture field have pointed out that sufficient attention should be paid to its various malpractices. Responding to their questioning, the author put forward some main problems existing and made certain analysis. Diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of symptoms and signs should be expressed in their application according to successive theories, methods, prescriptions, acupoints and techniques. In order to elevate therapeutic effects of acupuncture, forth effort should be put to various aspects, such as clinical skills, functional regularity, indications and affected factors.

WFAS-CACMS-CAAM-ETCMA acupuncture experts forum was held

The WFAS-CACMS-CAAM-ETCMA acupuncture experts forum was held in China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences on 7 September,2017.Gerd Ohmstede,Taina Alakulppi,Yves Giarmon,Guy Polak,Philip Rose-Neil,Judy James,Paddy McBride, David Miller from the European Traditional Chinese Medicine Association （ETCMA）, LIU Bao-yan, YANG Jin-sheng, YU Xiao-chun, LIU Wei-hong, HE Li- yun, ZHAO Hong, SONG Li, YANG Yu-yang, TAN Yuan-sheng, LIU Jiafrom The World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion societies （WFAS）, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences （CACMS） and China Association ofAcupuncture-Moxibustion （CAAM） attended the meeting.

Research on Acupuncture-moxibustion for Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome （DES） is a commonly encountered ophthalmological disease, with a relatively high incidence, and expects an effective treatment method. Acupunctureoxibustion therapy promotes tear production of lacrimal gland without causing a trauma, and thus has a great advantage in treating DES. Through literature analysis, this article summarized the research progress in both clinical practice and mechanism of acupuncture- moxibustion in treating DES during the recent 10 years, for providing valuable references for the application of acupuncture-moxibustion for DES.

Blinding Effect of Non-penetrating Sham Needle in the Randomized Controlled Trials of Acupuncture:A Systematic Review

The aim of this article was to assess the clinical evidence for or against the blinding effect of non-penetrating sham needle as placebo needle. This systematic review included randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of acupuncture taking non-penetrating sham acupuncture as placebo needle. Systematic searches were conducted in 13 electronic databases up to July 2012: Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, a Chinese medical database. All parallel or cross-over RCTs of acupuncture for the blinding effect of non-penetrating needle were chosen without language restrictions. Finally, totally 7 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that the non-penetrating needle is an effective instrument for placebo control in the acupuncture RCTs.

Introduction to Academic Experience of Prof. HUANG Xian-ming

With his profound knowledge from family education and meticulous scholarship, Prof.HUANG Xian-ming is extremely knowledgeable in Chinese medical art by drawing the advantage from modern medicine.

Acupuncture-moxibustion Theories of Wang Shu-he

Wang Shu-he, or Wang Xi, was anoutstanding physician from Gaoping （Gaoping of Shanxi Province; another saying is Ji＇ning of Shandong Province） of Western Jin Dynasty who lived around the 3rd CeIltUi3T His major contribution was the 10 w）lumes of Mai.

Acupuncture-moxibustion Theories of Ge Hong

Ge Hong （261-341）, courtesy name Zhichuan, also known as Baopuzi or Ge Ximlweng, born in Jurong of Danyang （present-day Jurong ofJimlgsu Pronce）, was a famous Taoist and physician during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He had a reputation for broad reading, mad was enthusiastic over Huamg Di Nei Jl＇ng （Yellow Emperor＇s Classic of InternM Mediclhe） and A^J J？hg （Classic of Ditticult Issues）, esoteric arts, mid alchemy. He was once ma official of theEastern Jin Dynasty, but later lived as a recluse on Luofu Mount of Guangdong Province. His one hundred scrolls of Yu Hail FaJlg （PrescripKons Hidden 111 Golden Chambe was supplemented later by Tao Hong-jing and Yang Yong-dao, and became Fu GuaJlg Zhou Hou BeiJi Fang （Supplement Handbook of Prescripgons for Emergenc [Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang （Handbook of Prescripgons for Emergencies） for short] nowadays, in which, convenient, low-price, and effective treatment methods were included.