试论隋代翻译家彦琮及其翻译思想

彦琮不仅是隋代著名的翻译实践家,而且还是翻译理论家。彦琮一生,著述宏富,《辨证论》是其传世作品中最著名的一部。彦琮在《辨证论》中具体阐述其翻译思想:趋重直译的主张;提出了译者的素质要求;勾勒了"人人共解,省翻译之劳"的理想世界。《辨证论》确立了彦琮在中国翻译史上的地位。

Stereological and ultrastructural research on the rats with chronic gast rit is treated based on the differential diagnos is of traditional Chinese medicin(TCM)

目的检查慢性胃炎大鼠胃粘膜的体视学和超微结构改变，以便确定健脾温胃汤（ＪＷＤ）和疏肝和胃汤（ＳＨＤ）分别治疗脾胃虚寒型慢性胃炎（ＰＸＧ）和肝胃不和型慢性胃炎（ＧＢＧ）后的疗效。方法Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠４５只，均分９组：Ｎ组，正常对照组；ＰＸＧ模型组，同种免疫法加利血平法制成；大、中、小剂量ＪＷＤ治疗组（１０ｍｌ／ｋｇ，５ｍｌ／ｋｇ，２５ｍｌ／ｋｇ）；ＧＢＧ模型组，同种免疫法加电激怒法制成；大、中、小剂量ＳＨＤ治疗组（１０ｍｌ／ｋｇ，５ｍｌ／ｋｇ，２５ｍｌ／Ｋｇ）。两方都是赵健雄教授多年临床应用的验方制成的水煎剂，含生药１６００ｇ／Ｌ。治疗组灌胃给药，模型组灌胃给水，１次／ｄ，７周后处死大鼠，常规制作胃体部和胃窦部的石腊切片和超薄切片。前者（ｎ＝５）用于体视学（Ｗｅｉｂｅｌ的点计数法）测算粘膜厚度。后者（ｎ＝３）供电镜观察。结果胃体部粘膜厚度各组间无显著差异（Ｐ＞００５）；模型组胃窦部粘膜明显萎缩（Ｐ＜００１，Ｐ＜００５）；大、中剂量治疗组的粘膜厚度明显恢复（Ｐ＜００１，Ｐ＜００５）。两模型组的超微病变基本相似，粘膜上皮细胞和腺细胞均受损，而主要是粘膜上皮细胞和粘液细胞萎缩、变性，细胞间隙增宽，

Design of a WeChat Learning Platform for Syndrome Differentiation

Objective To design a WeChat mini program called Chinese Syndrome Differentiation Learning Platform(CSDLP)on smartphone to improve health literacy.Methods The developer tools of WeChat(Version:v1.01.170925)were used for designing and debugging the mini program.SPSS17.0 was used for statistical purposes.“View container”“Basic content”“Form component”“Navigation”and“Media components”were used for the development of the WeChat mini program.The detailed method was referred to https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/wxadoc/dev/.Results A WeChat mini program called CSDLP was developed.This program has three major functions which are WeChat reading,WeChat class and WeChat syndrome differentiation.The official test report showed that there were no functionality errors for the seven android smartphones(referred to as A,B,C,D,E,F and G)that CSDLP was tested on.Statistical analysis results showed that the average memory in D,E,F and G was lower than in A,B and C.Average ratio was the highest in F and the lowest in G.The average loading time was the same for all smartphones.The audio database for diagnostics using traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and a lecture video database were based on diagnostic textbook.Our team built a syndrome differentiation database which included 51 diseases.Conclusion CSDLP can improve knowledge visualization,studying process,and information sharing in terms of the training and development of new techniques for syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM,and it can provide a better illustration for people to understand TCM.

The combination of disease and Zheng (syndrome) on the basic of differentiation of six channels:a new pattern of disease diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was formed two thousand years ago,and developed in the following centuries.TCM has a unique way of looking at health and illness.Zheng(syndrome)is the basic unit and key term in TCM theory.Zheng is the pathological generalization of a certain stage in the development of disease.Treatment based on syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation of TCM is the basic principle to know and treat diseases,and a kind of special method to study diseases in TCM.In Han Dynasty(200 AD),doctor Zhang Zhongjing proposed Liujing Bianzheng(the differential diagnosis in accordance with the theory of six channels)to diagnose and treat diseases in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases.In other words,he divided diseases into six channels diseases based on patient's Zhengs.Six channels diseases almost include all of the disease according to his classification standards.In addition,there are development rules in the progress of six channels diseases.Therefore,we hypothesized that combination of six channels disease and Zheng on the basic of differentiation of six channels is a new pattern of diagnosis and treatment diseases in TCM,which is beneficial to the understanding of a certain disease and makes disease treatment more convenient,fast and effective.

Discussion on the thinking innovation of the “Treatment based on syndromedifferentiation” according to “Precision medical”

Based on the concept of ＂precision medicine＂, this paper is to probe into the thinking innovation thought anddevelopment direction of ＂dialectical theory＂ of TCM, and to compare the development prospects of ＂syndromedifferentiation＂ and ＂genetic constitution＂. It points out that the dialectical concept of ＂syndrome differentiation andtreatment＂ is combined with the concept of high and new technology of ＂precision medicine＂ to further clarify thescientific connotation of traditional Chinese medicine.

Analysis of professor Wang Yongyan's experience in treating hemorrhagic diseases based on traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system

Based on the data analysis platform provided by TCMISS(V2.5),this paper analyzes the rule of prescribing drugs used by Professor Yongyan Wang for the treatment of apoplexy and deepens the understanding of his academic research on syndrome differentiation and treatment.Professor Wang’s medical records were summarized and sorted into the"Chinese Medicine inheritance Assistance system".Through the functions of"frequency statistics","drug use mode","rule analysis"and so on,the characteristics of professor Yongyan Wang's prescription for treating apoplexy were statistically analyzed.It is helpful to understand and inherit Professor Wang's academic thoughts by analyzing the data of professor Wang's medical records of apoplexy.

Therapy of Suppressing Yang and Astringing Yin for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Insomnia

The pathogenesis of can cer-related in som nia(CRI)mainly in eludes,first,the flow of cancerous toxin leading to the disorder of visceral qi;second,cancer-related radiotherapy and chemotherapy belonging to"exogenous pathogenic factors"to a certain extent,which can further aggravate visceral disorders.The therapeutic principle of Chinese medicine is to tranquilize the mind on the basis of regulating viscera,suppressing yang,and astringing yin.On this theoretical basis,Professor Zheng Yuling created a representative prescription of Zhenjing Anshen Granules(镇静安神颗粒)which can achieve the co-regulation of the heart,liver,and kidney,tranquilizing the mind and nourishing the blood.Clinically,the selection of prescriptions and medicines needs to be considered due to factors such as different treatment stages and differ-ences in patients'constitutions.

Structural Stress Identification Using Fuzzy Pattern Recognition and Information Fusion Technique

In order to ensure the service security of space structures under wind load, the stress identification method based on the combination of fuzzy pattern recognition and information fusion technique is proposed, in which the measurements of limited strain sensors arranged on the structure are used. Firstly, the structure is divided into several regions according to the similarity and the most unfavorable region is selected to be the key region for stress identification, while the different numbers of the strain sensors are located on the key region and the normal regions; secondly, the different stress distributions of the key region are obtained based on the measurements of the strain sensors located on the key region and the normal regions separately, in which the fuzzy pattern recognition is used to identify the different stress distributions; thirdly, the stress distributions obtained by the measurements of sensors in normal regions are selected to calculate the synthesized stress distribution of the key region by D-S evidence theory; fourthly, the weighted fusion algorithm is used to assign the different fusion coefficients to the selected stress distributions obtained by the measurements of the normal regions and the key region, while the synthesized stress distribution of the key region can be obtained. Numerical study on a lattice shell model is carried out to validate the reliability of the proposed stress identification method. The simulated results indicate that the method can improve identification accuracy and be effective by different noise disturbing.

Knee osteoarthritis treated with acupuncture based on syndrome differentiation:a randomized controlled trial

Objective To compare the efficacy differences between acupuncture and western medicine in treating osteoarthritis of knee joints.Methods One hundred and twenty cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a western medication group with 60 cases in each group.In the acupuncture group,acupuncture was applied mainly at Nèixīyǎn（内膝眼 EX-LE 4）,Dúbí（犊鼻 ST 35）,Yīnlíngquán（阴陵泉 SP 9） and Yánglíngquán（阳陵泉 GB 34） plus other acupoints selected according to syndrome differentiation.In the medication group,Glucosamine Hydrochloride capsules were orally given 3 times daily with 2 capsules each time.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index（WOMAC）,Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36,Chinese version） were used to assess therapeutic effects before treatment,after 4 weeks treatment and 9 weeks after treatment,respectively.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,the total effective rates were 86.7%（52/60） and 88.3%（53/60） in the acupuncture group and the western medication group,respectively,without significant difference（P〈0.05）.In 9 weeks after treatment,the total effective rates were 83.3%（50/60） and 61.7%（37/60） in the acupuncture group and the western medication group,respectively,with significant difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）.According to WOMAC and SF-36,the scores were all improved in both groups（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,with significant difference in follow-up visit of 9 weeks after treatment between the two groups（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,but not after 4 weeks of treatments（both P〈0.05）.Conclusion Short-term of therapeutic effects of acupuncture and oral administration of Glucosamine Hydrochloride on osteoarthritis of knee joints are similar,but long-term efficacy in the acupuncture group is better than that in the western medication group.

Clinical observation on electroacupuncture plus tuina for chronic tension-type headache

Objective：To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture （EA） combined with tuina for chronic tension-type headache （CTTH）. Methods：A total of 97 CTTH cases were randomly allocated into an observation group （n=52） and a control group （n=45）. Patients in the observation group were treated with EA plus tuina based on pattern identification, whereas patients in the control group were treated with oral amitriptyline and oryzanol. Patients in both groups were treated for 8 weeks. A follow-up was conducted 3 months after the treatment. The intensity, duration, and frequency of the headache were recorded and compared before and after the treatment. Additionally, the patients＇ psychological state and quality of life （QOL） were compared between the two groups. Results：There were intra-group statistically significant differences in headache intensity score, headache duration, and headache frequency after the treatment and during the follow-up compared with those before the treatment （allP〈0.05）; and there were between-group statistically significant differences during the same time frame （allP〈0.05）. The Hamilton depression scale-17 items （HAMD-17） and Hamilton anxiety scale （HAMA） scores were significantly reduced in both groups after the treatment or during the follow-up （allP〈0.01）; and there were no between-group statistical significances during the same time frame （allP〉0.05）. The World Health Organization quality of life-BREF （WHOQOL-BREF） scores were significantly reduced in both groups after the treatment or during the follow-up （allP〈0.05）; and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （allP〈0.05） during the same time frame. The total effective rate was 88.0% in the observation group, versus 71.4% in the control group, showing a significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusion：EA combined with tuina can significantly decrease the frequency of chronic tension-type headache, alleviate headache intensity, shorten headache duration, and improve the patients＆#39; wellness. It is better than amitriptyline plus oryzanol.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Simple Obesity Due to Spleen Deficiency by Acupuncture-moxibustion

Objective： To investigate the clinical effect of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy on simple obesity due to spleen deficiency. Method： Sixty-eight cases of simple obesity due to spleen deficiency syndrome, including internal dampness due to spleen deficiency, qi deficiency of lung-spleen, yang deficiency of spleen-kidney, were randomly allocated into two groups, treatment group （36 cases） and control group （32 cases）. The former group was treated with warm needling moxibustion method, and the latter was treated with electroacupuncture. The therapeutic effect and body weight （BW） were observed, respectively. Result： There was a significant difference between the two groups in the total effective rate （P〈0.05）; there was a significant difference between the two groups in the decrease of BW （P〈0.01）, furthermore, the long-term effect in warm needling moxibusiton group was better than that in the electroacupuncture group. Conclusion： The effect of needle warming moxibustion therapy on simple obesity due to spleen deficiency is accurate, and it is worth to spread.

Therapeutic Effect Observation on Treatment of Acne with Acupuncture plus Moving Cupping and Blood-letting

Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect on treatment of acne with acupuncture plus moving cupping and blood-letting. Method： Sixty acne cases were randomized into the treatment group for combined acupuncture and moving cupping and blood-letting and control group for acupuncture alone. The therapeutic effects of the cases in the two groups were observed after a 30-day treatment. Result： The total effective rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The combined acupuncture and moving cupping and blood-letting can effectively increase the effective rate in the treatment of acne.

Observation on clinical effects of acupoint thread-embedding method for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective： To observe the clinical effects of acupoint thread-embedding method for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in pattern of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency. Methods： A total of 180 cases in conformity with the diagnostic criteria of NAFLD in pattern of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 90 cases in each group, and finally 88 cases in the treatment group and 90 cases in the control group were recruited for statistics. The treatment group was managed by acupoint thread-embedding method, and the control group was treated by oral administration of Polyene Phosphatidylcholine capsules. Both groups were treated for 6 months. Before and after the treatment, liver enzymology, blood fat test, abdominal B ultrasonic examination, and assessment of clinical effects were respectively processed. Results： After treatment, alanine transaminase （ALT）, aspartate transaminase （AST）, total cholesterol （TC）, and triglyceride （TG） decreased in the treatment group, and were significantly different from those in the control group after treatment （all P〈0.05）. There was no statistically significant inter-group difference in the degree of fatty liver （by B ultrasound examination） before treatment （P〉0.05）. After treatment, the improvement degree of fatty liver in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. The total effective rates were 89.8% in the treatment group and 76.7% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The acupoint thread-embedding method can reduce the levels of ALT, AST, TC and TG in NAFLD patients, and can improve the pathologic degree of fatty liver and its clinical effects are remarkably better than that of oral medications.

Clinical Study on Herbal Cone-partitioned Moxibustion for Irritable Bowel Syndrome due to Spleen-qi Deficiency

Objective：To observe the clinical efficacy of herbal cone-partitioned moxibustion for irritable bowel syndrome（IBS） due to spleen deficiency. Methods：A total of 40 IBS cases due to spleen deficiency were randomly assigned to two groups,20 in each group. Cases in the moxibustion group were treated with herbal cone-partitioned moxibustion on Shenque（CV 8）,while cases in the control group were treated with oral Pinaverium. Results：The spleen deficiency symptoms of patients in both groups were significantly improved during the treatment and follow-up investigation,showing a statistical difference（P〈0.05）; however,herbal cone-partitioned moxibustion showed better results. Conclusion：Oral Pinaverium and herbal cone-partitioned moxibustion could both improve the spleen deficiency symptoms of IBS patients; however,the moxibustion on Shenque（CV 8） showed better results than Pinaverium.

Treatment of 22 Cases of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome by Puncturing Back-Shu Points

Objective： To observe the clinical effect of puncturing Back-Shu points in treating chronic fatigue syndrome. Methods： Twenty-two subjects were recruited and treated by puncturing corresponding Back-Shu points based on syndrome differentiation. The short-form General Health Survey （MOSSF GHS） and the Chalder Questionnaires for Fatigue were adopted for evaluating the therapeutic effects. Results： Of the 22 patients, 4 cases showed a marked effect, 11 got effect, 7 got failure, and the total effective rate was 68.2%. Conclusion： Puncturing Back-Shu points is effective in relieving the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and enhancing the patients＇ health standard.

Treatment of 53 Cases of Facial Spasm with Acupuncture

Fifty-three patients with facial spasm were treated by acupuncture therapy. Taichong （LR 3）, Fengchi （GB 20）, Yifeng （TE 17）, and Sanyinjiao （SP 6） were selected as main points, and others points were selected based on symptom. Of the 53 cases, 9 cases were cured, 13 cases were markedly effective, 27 cases were effective, and 4 cases were ineffective, with an effective rate of 92.5%.

Integrated traditional and Western medicine for treatment of depression based on syndrome differentiation:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials based on the Hamilton depression scale

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the benefits of integrated traditional and Western medicine therapies based on the Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) following syndrome differentiation of depression.METHODS:We searched six English and Chinese electronic databases for randomized clinical trials(RCTs) on integrated traditional and Western medicine for treatment of depression.Two authors extracted data and independently assessed the trial quality.RevMan 5 software was used for data analyses with an effect estimate presented as weighted mean difference(WMD) with a 95% confidence interval(CI).RESULTS:Seven RCTs with 576 participants were identified for this review.All trials were eligible for the meta-analysis and were evaluated as unclear or having a risk of bias.Meta-analysis showed,compared with Western medicine alone,integrated traditional and Western medicine based on syndrome differentiation could improve the effect of treatment represented by the HAMD [WMD=-2.39,CI(-2.96,-1.83),Z=8.29,P<0.00001].There were no reported serious adverse effects that were related to integrated traditional and Western medicine based therapies in these trials.CONCLUSIONS:Integrated traditional and Western medicine based therapies for the syndrome differentiation of depression significantly improved the HAMD,illustrating that combining therapies from integrated traditional and Western medicine for treatment of depression is better than Western medicine alone.However,further large,rigorously designed trials are warranted due to the insufficient methodological rigor seen in the trials included in this study.

Clinical observation on electroacupuncture plus long-snake moxibustion for rheumatoid arthritis due to kidney deficiency and cold coagulation

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture(EA)plus long-snake moxibustion for rheumatoid arthritis(RA)due to kidney deficiency and cold coagulation.Methods:A total of 60 patients in active stage of RA were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 30 cases in each group.Patients in the control group took methotrexate tablets and nimesulide dispersible tablets orally for treatment,while those in the observation group received additional treatment of EA plus long-snake moxibustion.Both groups were treated for 12 weeks.The post-treatment changes in symptomatic grading and quantifying score,disease activity score with 28 joint counts(DAS28),and inflammatory indicators erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were observed,and the efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was 89.9%,versus 76.6%in the control group,and there was a significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups(P<0.05).After treatment,the symptomatic grading and quantifying score and DAS28 in both groups were significantly improved(all P<0.05),and the improvements in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group(both P<0.05).Besides,there were 11 cases with low disease activity index(DAI)and in remission in the observation group versus 5 cases in the control group,showing a statistically significant between-group difference(P<0.05).The ESR and CRP scores in both groups were significantly reduced after treatment(all P<0.05),also showing statistically significant between-group differences(both P<0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy of additional EA plus long-snake moxibustion based on oral medications for RA due to kidney deficiency and cold coagulation is better than that of the oral medications alone.

Clinical Research of Different Syndromes of Hypertension Treated by Acupuncture

Primary hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease. Some relevant research indicates that puncturing Fengchi （GB 20） can effectively reduce the elevated blood pressure of patient with hypertension. However, is this method effective for all the patients with hypertension？ With regards to this, the author conducted a therapeutic observation in clinic, puncturing Fengchi （GB 20） according to different syndrome of patient with hypertension. Now the conclusion is as follows.

Treatment of 56 Cases of Women with Post-adolescent Acne by Auricular Point Sticking Method

Acne is a common disorder in adolescence. However, more and more patients are over 25 years old. This type of acne is recurrent, so it is called post-adolescence acne. The author treated 56 cases of women with post-adolescence ache by auricular point sticking method, and obtained excellent results. It is reported as follows.