《金城揽胜图》中文庙建筑空间格局研析

文章选用《金城揽胜图》中城内的两座文庙为研究对象,通过阅读相关史料,还原该时期的两座文庙建筑格局,并对其空间进行分析,以期找出当地建筑空间的布局特色、探究文化建筑与城市格局的关联性,从而为探寻特色建筑的分布对城市格局的意义,也为研究当地传统古建筑提供相应的参考。

试论纪录片《金城兰州》中“情景再现”手法的作用及表现

为了吸引更多的观众,当下的纪录片在创作上已经走上了一条"故事化"之路,"情景再现"作为纪录片"故事化"的有效途径之一,在当今人文历史题材纪录片中占有越来越大的比重。以《金城兰州》为例,分析"情景再现"在人文历史题材记录片中的作用。

历史文化纪录片中的“情景再现”手法分析——以《金城兰州》为例

纪录片《金城兰州》运用"情景再现"的表现手法,展现了兰州城的历史文化与发展变迁。本文试对该纪录片中这一"情景再现"手法的表现形式、应用原则做出分析,探讨纪录片艺术性和观赏性的实践探索。

纪录片《金城兰州》中的地域文化传播研究

随着纪录片的发展,纪录片在展现、传播特定的地域文化方面表现出越来越强的优势和现实意义。文章分析了纪录片在传播地域文化时具有的优势,并从地理环境、人文形象等层面具体分析了纪录片《金城兰州》是如何展现兰州的城市形象及城市精神文化内涵的,最后对纪录片如何更好地进行地域文化传播提出了几点建议。

融媒时代做好深度报道的有益尝试

近年来,新媒体发展迅速,以短、平、快形式展现新闻的发生,深受群众喜爱。如何做好传统媒体的深度报道,是媒体人思考的重点,而做好纸媒重点栏目新闻报道是吸引读者的有效途径之一。近年来,甘肃兰州日报推出的《金城·观》新闻周刊,以“主流声音、权威报道、服务经济、关注民生”的办报理念,每周一个主题四个版面,全方位呈现深度报道,对报纸精品化、阅读深度化方面是一个有益尝试,不断受到读者的青睐。

寿春在东晋南朝的战略地位

寿春是东晋南朝时期汉胡政权争夺的热点区域,具有重要的战略地位和军事价值。该地位居水陆交通枢要,拥有利于防御的自然环境,水土沃衍,物产丰饶,因而备受南北作战双方的重视。隋唐以降大运河开凿使用,淝水至濡须水航道逐渐湮废,寿春所在的淮南西部地域从而少受兵家关注。

Total concentrations and different fractions of heavy metals in sewage sludge from Guangzhou, China

Dewatered municipal sludge samples were collected from five municipal wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） and one industrial WWTP in Guangzhou, China. A number of agricultural parameters and total metal concentrations in the sludge were determined. Metal speciation was also studied. The results showed that sewage sludge had high organic carbon, and was rich in such nutrients as N and P. The concentrations of Mn, Zn, and Cu were the highest, followed by Ni, Pb, and Cr, Cd had the lowest concentration. In addition, the concentrations of the aforementioned heavy metals in the sludge samples were higher than those recorded in the background data for crop soils. With the exception of Cu and Cd from site S1, and Ni from sites S1, $2, and $5, all other metal concentrations conformed to permissible levels prescribed by the national application standard of acid soil in China （GB 18918--2002）. The results of the BCR sequential extraction showed that the concentrations of Mn and Zn were predominant in acid-soluble/exchangeable and reducible fractions. Cu was principally distributed in oxidizable and residual fractions, whereas Cr was present in oxidizable and residual fractions, Pb was found in the state of residual fractions, and the distribution of Ni and Cd did not show significant characteristics.

Current Situation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil and Dustfall in Some Cities of China

Because of human activities, urban dustfall and soil in China have been polluted by heavy metals in different degrees. However, the type and pollution degree of heavy metal hazard are different among cities. Based on data about the heavy metal pollution of urban soil and dustfall as well as related information inves- tigated, the present situation of heavy metal pollution in soil and dustfall in 23 regions of China were summarized, and some suggestions were put forward accord- ing to the existing problems of research on heavy metal pollution, aiming to provide reference for government decision-making and related research in future.

Leaching behavior of heavy metals with hydrochloric acid fromfly ash generated in municipal waste incineration plants

The extraction behavior of heavy metals from municipal waste incineration （MWI） fly ash was investigated systematically. The extraction process includes two steps, namely, fly ash was firstly washed with water, and then subjected to hydrochloric acid leaching. The main parameters for water washing process were tested, and under the optimal conditions, about 86% Na, 70% K and 12% Ca were removed from fly ash, respectively. Hydrochloric acid was used for the extraction of valuable elements from the water-washed fly ash, and the optimal extraction was achieved for each heavy metal as follows： 86% for Pb, 98% for Zn, 82% for Fe, 96% for Cd, 62% for Cu, 80% for Al, respectively. And the main compositions of the finally obtained solid residue are Ca2PbO4, CaSi2Os, PbsSiO7, Ca3A12Si3012 and SiO2.

Heavy Metals, Phosphorus and Some Other Elements in Urban Soils of Hangzhou City, China

Health implications of inhaling and/or ingesting dust particles with high concentrations of heavy metals from urban soils are a subject of intense concern. Understanding the geochemistry of these metals is key to their effective management. Total concentrations of heavy metals,phosphorus (P) and 8 other elements from topsoil samples collected at 82 locations in Hangzhou City were measured to:a) assess their distribution in urban environments; and b) understand their differentiation as related to land use. Metal mobility was also studied using a three-step sequential chemical fractionation procedure. About 8.5%,1.2%,3.6%,11.0% and 30.3% of the soil samples had Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,and Zn concentrations,respectively,above their allowable limits for public and private green areas and residential use. However,in commercial and industrial areas,most samples had metal concentrations below their allowable limits. Statistical analyses revealed that the 16 measured elements in urban soils could be divided into four groups based on natural or anthropic sources using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Additionally,Cu,Pb,and P showed similar spatial distributions with significant pollution in commercial zones,suggesting vehicle traffic or commercial activities as dominant pollutant sources. Also,Cd,Co,Cr,Ni,Zn,Mn and Fe had the highest concentrations in industrial locations,signifying that industrial activities were the main sources of these seven metals. Moreover,the data highlighted land-use as a major influence on heavy metal concentrations and forms found in topsoils with large proportions of soil Cd,Co,Cr,and Ni found in residual fractions and soil Cu,Pb and Zn mainly as extractable fractions.

Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of HCHs and DDTs in Surface Seawater and Sediment of the Mariculture Area of Jincheng Bay,China

The distribution of hexachloroeyclohexanes （HCHs） and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes （DDTs） in the surface sea- water and sediment of Jincheng Bay mariculture area were investigated in the present study. The concentration of total HCHs and DDTs ranged from 2.98 to 14.87ngL-l and were〈0.032ngL-1, respectively, in surface seawater, and ranged from 5.52 to 9.43 and from 4.11 to 6.72 ng g-l, respectively, in surface sediment. It was deduced from the composition profile of HCH isomers and DDT congeners that HCH residues derived from a mixture of technical-grade HCH and lindane whereas the DDT residues derived from technical-grade DDT and dicofol. Moreover, both HCH and DDT residues may mainly originate from historical inputs. The hazard quotient of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH to marine species was 0.030, 0.157, 3.008 and 0.008, respectively. It was estimated that the overall probability of adverse biological effect from HCHs was less than 5%, indicating that its risk to seawater column spe- cies was low. The threshold effect concentration exceeding frequency of γ-HCH, p,p＇-DDD, p,p＇-DDE and p,p＇-DDT in sediment ranged from 8.3% to 100%, and the relative concentration of the HCH and DDT mixture exceeded their probable effect level in sediment. These findings indicated that the risk to marine benthos was high and potentially detrimental to the safety of aquatic prod- ucts, e.g., sea cucumber and benthic shellfish.

Comparison of heavy metal removal efficiencies in four activated sludge processes

The removal efficiencies of heavy metals(As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were investigated in the 17 operating municipal wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) and compared with those in four main activated sludge processes. Significant differences of heavy metal removal efficiencies were observed among four activated sludge processes. The removal efficiency for As(75.5%) in the oxidation ditch(OD) process is significantly higher than that in the conventional activated sludge(CAS) process(38.6%) or sequencing batch reactor(SBR) process(51.4%). The mean removal efficiencies for Cu and Ni in the OD process are 90.5% and 46.7%, respectively, while low mean removal efficiencies are observed for Cu(69.9%) and Ni(16.5%), respectively, in the SBR process. The removal efficiencies for Cu and Ni in the OD process are significantly higher than those in the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic(A2-O) process. These results highlight the differences of removal efficiencies for heavy metals in different processes and should be considered when selecting a wastewater treatment process.

Adsorption characteristics of construction waste for heavy metals from urban stormwater runoff

Stormwater runoff has become an important source of surface water pollution. Bioretention, a low impact development measure in urban stormwater management, has been proven to be effective in the removal of pollutants from stormwater runoff, with appropriate bioretention media. In this study, construction wastes were selected as bioretention media to remove heavy metals from stormwater runoff. Static and dynamic adsorption batch experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption of heavy metals in simulated stormwater runoff system with construction wastes in different particle sizes. The experimental results show that the pseudo-secondorder kinetic model characterizes the adsorption process and the adsorption equilibrium data are well described by Freundlich isotherm model. The construction wastes used can remove heavy metals from stormwater runoff effectively, with their average removal rates all more than 90%. The particle size of construction wastes greatly influences the equilibrium time, rate and adsorption capacity for heavy metals.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FRACTIONATIONS OF Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn AND Ni AND SOIL PROPERTIES IN URBAN SOILS OF CHANGCHUN, CHINA

An extensive soil investigation was conducted in different domains of Changchun to disclose the fractionations of Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni in urban soils. Meanwhile correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regressions were used to define relationships between soil properties and metal fractions and the chief factors influencing the fractionation of heavy metals in the soils. The results showed that Pb, Ni and Cu were mainly associated with the residual and organic forms; most of Cd was concentrated in the residual and exchangeable fractions. Zn in residual and carbonate fraction was the highest. The activities of the heavy metals probably declined in the following order: Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni. The chemical fractions of heavy metals in different domains in Changchun City were of significantly spatial heterogeneity. Soil properties had different influences on the chemical fractions of heavy metals to some extent and the main factors influencing Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni fractionation and transformation were apparently different.

Assessment of heavy metals in sediment in a heavily polluted urban river in the Chaohu Basin, China

The Nanfei River （Anhui Province, China） is a severely polluted urban river that flows into Chaohu Lake. In the present study, sediments were collected from the river and analyzed for their heavy metal contents. Multivariate statistics and the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method were used to determine the sources of pollution, the current pollution status, and spatial and temporal variations in heavy metal pollution in sediments. The concentrations of arsenic （As）, cadmium （Cd）, chromium （Cr）, copper （Cu）, mercury （Hg）, nickel （Ni）, lead （Pb）, and zinc （Zn） in sediments ranged from 5.67-113, 0.08-40.2, 41.6-524, 15.5-460, 0.03-4.84, 13.5-180, 18.8-250, and 47.9-1 996 mg/kg, and the average concentrations of each metal were 1.7, 38.7, 1.8, 5.5, l 8.8, 1.3, 2.5, and 11.1 times greater than the background values, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated that Hg, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Ni may have originated from industrial activities, whereas As and Pb came from agricultural activities. The fuzzy comprehensive assessment method, based on the fuzzy mathematics theory, was used to obtain a detailed assessment of the sediment quality in the Nanfei River watershed. The results indicated that the pollution was moderate in the downstream tributaries of the Nianbu and Dianbu Rivers, but was severe in the main channel of the Nanfei River and in the upstream tributaries of the Sill and Banqiao Rivers. Therefore, sediments in the Nanfei River watershed are heavily polluted and urgent measures should be taken to remedy the status.

赵城金藏本《广弘明集》疑难字考释举例

通过对赵城金藏本《广弘明集》经文中那些形体变易难以辨识和书写讹误难以发现的疑难字进行考释与研究,论文认为赵城金藏本《广弘明集》卷三“光禄大夫刘向及子仍、歆等”之“仍”当为“伋”之形误,卷一六“自非淬德潜衍”之“淬”当为“沛”之形误,卷一八“吾常以为殊太徑■”之“■”疑为“鋌”字俗讹,卷三〇“浮光映■池”之“■”当为“寶”之俗讹,卷三〇“腾波■漂客”之“■”当为“濟”之俗讹。在此基础上,提出赵城金藏本《广弘明集》疑难字考释在研究赵城金藏经文用字、整理《广弘明集》文本等方面所具有的重要价值和意义。

The Two Faces of Urbanity： Exploring Global and Local Values---Two Urban Studios in Taksim Square and along the Shores of the Golden Horn in Istanbul

Since the 18th century, the irritating but also fascinating scenes of urbanity--a complex phenomenon with cultural, social, political, economic, temporal, spatial, functional, and formal dimensions--have been described in literary works. Many seemingly opposite facts, such as individuality/society, freedom/loneliness/socialization, anonymity/strangeness/identity/belonging, diversity/chaos/segregation, indifferent city-dweller/initiative citizenship, have been revealed through literary works, travel and utopian writing, urban theories, scientific studies, manifestos, and newspaper articles. On the one hand, there are those who advocate a life outside the city because they consider the problems produced by the city and the phenomenon of density which they perceive merely in quantitative terms, as unsolvable problems. On the other hand, there are those who see the production of loose urban fabric as a solution or those who accept the （seemingly） opposite facts of urbanity as positive values and therefore support city life. All of these ideas are still as actual today as they were in the past. We are often unable to use our citizen rights to the city, to encounter different classes （social/etlmic/religious）, to experience heterogeneity as an aspect inherent in city life and in the route of our daily life--following the orders of the capitalist system mainly organized around work--and we are often drawn into the same districts on the same paths. Our perception of our urban environments may get monotonous and shallow, but the irritating yet fascinating features of the first big cities still exist and may be grasped and brought into consciousness. Throughout their architectural education, especially in urban design studios, students can be encouraged to investigate the rhythm of their daily life, the conditions of their urban environments, and discovering the city as an intellectual and sensual programme, so that the phenomenon of urbanity can be grasped not just on formal, but on various other dimensions as well. This study focuses on the process and outcomes of two urban studios located in Taksim Square and along the shores of the Golden Horn in Istanhul. Taking the multidimensional content of urbanity into account, acquired theoretically through literary works and studies on urban planning and its history, the main aim of these studios has been the phenomenological understanding of the dynamic content of urbanity by the students. Through creative analysis of permanent/temporary spaces engendered by the diversity of user profiles and actions discovered on phenomenological excursions, students examine the qualitative values of density and global and local dynamics. We believe that designing spaces as ＂prototypes＂ helps highlight the multidimensional content of urbanity. The present study aims not only to highlight the multidimensional content of urbanity, but also to encourage its discussion in architectural design education and to emphasize the positive contribution of theoretical readings and phenomenological studies to urban design studios. The present study also aims to emphasize the beneficial correlation of global and local dynamics as the two faces of urbanity; important more than ever for the big cities of the 21 st century if we advocate for a vivid and resilient city life and citizens.