乡村题材现实主义小说的重要收获——评王旺山长篇小说《铁花》

小说《铁花》真实地还原了一个世俗化的乡村世界,写出了三代人对于土地的不同态度,揭示了中国人“乐天知命”的生活观。作为一部地方性写作的典型文本,小说充满丰富而鲜明的地域文化特色。在作者地方性写作的背后,既有抵抗全球化文化潮流的企图,也有寻求与世界对话的努力。尤为值得称道的是,该小说以舒缓的叙事节奏建构了一种慢的小说美学。

“家乡故事”的多元讲述——小说《铁花》的叙事策略研究

小说《铁花》属于作家王旺山对于自己"家乡"的纪念式回溯,作家在讲述"家乡故事"时也倾注了陕西特色鲜明的"乡情",在叙事推进中,深切"乡情"转化为冷热冲突激发而成的"铁花",在冷静的叙述中绽放"家乡"的绚烂。本文试图考察作家在《铁花》叙事中所采用的多元策略,立足文本,探索作家对"家乡故事"的讲述之道。

A New C-Glycosylflavone from the Leaves of Cycas panzhihuaensis

A new C-glycosylflavone, named panzhihuacycaside (1), was isolated from the leaves of Cycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou et S. Y. Yang (Cycadaceae) along with 2,3-dihydrohinokiflavone (2), 5,5',7,7', 4',4''-hexahydroxy-(2',8')-biflavone (3), vanillic acid (4), P-sitosterol (5) and daucosterol (6). Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical evidence.

Effect of temperature on dielectric property and microwave heating behavior of low grade Panzhihua ilmenite ore

The permittivity of low grade Panzhuhua ilmenite ore at 2.45 GHz in the temperatures from 20 ℃ up to 100 ℃ was measured using the technology of open-ended coaxial sensor combined with theoretical computation. The results show that both the real （ε′） and imaginary （ε′） part of complex permittivity （ε′-jε′） of the ilmenite significantly increase with temperature. The loss tangent （tanδ） is a quadratic function of temperature, and the penetration depth of ilmenite decreases with temperature increase from 20 ℃to 100 ℃ The increase of the sample temperature under microwave radiation displays a nonlinear relationship between the temperature （T） and microwave heating time （t）. The positive feedback interaction between complex permittivity and sample temperature amplifies the interaction between ilmenite and the microwave radiation. The optimum dimensions for uniform heat deposition vary from 10 cm to 5 cm （about two power penetration depths） in a sample being irradiated from both sides in a 2.45 GHz microwave field when temperature increases from room temperature to 100 ℃

Screening for Siderophore-producing Endophytic Bacteria against Fusarium oxysporum

[Objective] With a strain of endophytic antagonistic bacteria with good disease control efficacy in pot as trial material,the paper was to explore the antagonistic mechanism of siderophore against Fusarium oxysporum.[Method] Whether the strain produced siderophore and its fluorescent property was judged by MSA（Modified Sugar-Aspartic acid） plate.The siderophore activity of strains in liquid MSA medium was determined through the absorbance values at particular wavelength.The inhibition effects of it siderophore against F.oxysporum under different concentrations of Fe3＋ were compared.Then the strain was preliminarily identified based on morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics [Result] The fluorescent siderophore produced by the endophytic bacteria in MSA medium had a strong inhibition effect against F.oxysporum.With the increasing concentration of Fe3＋,the inhibition effect against the pathogen weakened.The preliminary analysis showed these strains belonged to Bacillus.[Conclusion] Bacillus could compete the absorption of Fe3＋ by secreting siderophore to inhibit the growth of F.oxysporum.

Purification and Characterization of Jerdonitin, a Non-hemorrhagic Metalloproteinase from Trimeresurus jerdonii Venom

Previously, we have purified Jerdonitin from Trimeresurusjerdonii venom. Compared with other P-Ⅱ class snake venom metalloproteinases （SVMPs）, Jerdonitin has a primary structure comprising metalloproteinase and disintegrin domains. However, no hemorrhagic and fibrinogenolytic activities were detected for Jerdonitin. We thought that organic buffer of high performance liquid charamatography （HPLC） might affect its enzymatic activity. In this study, we purified Jerdonitin by another procedure excluding the HPLC. It was homogenous as judged by SDS-PAGE and had an apparent molecular weight of 36 kDa under non-reducing conditions and 38 kDa under reducing conditions, respectively. Like other typical metalloproteinases, Jerdonitin preferentially degraded alpha-chain of human fibrinogen and this fibrinogenolytic activity was completely inhibited by EDTA, but not by PMSF. It was interesting that Jerdonitin did not induce hemorrhage after intradermal injection in mice.

Effect of Soil Moisture on Release of Low-Molecular Weight Organic Acids in Root Exudates and the Accu-mulation of Iron in Root Apoplasm of Peanut

A three-compartments rhizobox was designed and used to study the low-molecular-weight organic acids in root exudates and the root apoplastic iron of "lime-induced chlorosis" peanut grown on a calcareous soil in relation to different soil moisture conditions. Results showed that chlorosis of peanuts developed under condition of high soil moisture level (250 g kg-1), while peanuts grew well and chlorosis did not develop when soil moisture was managed to a normal level (150 g kg-1). The malic acid, maleic acid and succinic acid contents of chlorotic peanut increased by 108.723, 0.029 and 22.446 ig cm-2, respectively, compared with healthy peanuts. The content of citric acid and fumaric acid also increased in root exudates of chlorotic peanuts. On Days 28 and 42 of peanut growth, the accumulation of root apoplastic iron in chlorotic peanuts was higher than that of healthy peanuts. From Day 28 to Day 42, the mobilization percentages of chlorotic peanuts and healthy peanuts to root apoplastic iron were almost the same, being 52.4% and 52.8%, respectively, indicating that the chlorosis might be caused by the inactivation of iron within peanut plant grown on a calcareous soil under high soil moisture conditions.

Reductive kinetics of Panzhihua ilmenite with hydrogen

The hydrogen reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate in the temperature range of 900?1050 °C was systematicallyinvestigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. It wasshown that the products of the Panzhihua ilmenite reduced at 900 °C were metallic iron and rutile. Above 1000 °C, ferrouspseudobrookite solid solution was generated. During the reduction process, element Mg gradually concentrated to form Mg-rich zonewhich can influence the metallization process. The reduction reaction proceeded topochemically and its related reduction kineticswere also discussed. The kinetics of the reduction indicated that the rate-controlling step was the diffusion process. The apparentactivation energy of the hydrogen reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite was calculated to be 117.56 kJ/mol, which was larger than that ofsynthetic ilmenite under the same reduction condition.

Effect of granite gravel content on improved granular mixtures as railway subgrade fillings

The improved granular mixtures are widely used as the fillings of railway 8ubgrade, and in order to investigate the effect of coarse grain content on granular mixtures, a series of field tests were conducted. The experimental results indicate that the permeability coefficient increases significantly with the increment of granite gravel content, especially in the range of 60%-70%. Thcrc exists a coarse grain content limit defined as 53%-58.5% to reform the permeable granular skeleton. Beyond this limit, the permeable granular skeleton is efficiently formed, and the macro pores between the separate gravels are partially filled, which is the explanation lbr the permeability increase. The investigations indicate the subgrade resistance modulus （ks0, Ev2, and Evd） depends on the granite gravel content, and the resistance modulus increases significantly beyond granite gravel content of 50%. The skeletons of granitc gravel clayey sand mixture change in the long-term deformation objected to the train-induced dynamic load, which involves three main repeated and circular deformation stages. Generally, the long-time deformation is explained as the gravel crushing and filling the internal porous space with crushed gravel fragments. Through these investigations, the C40-G60 or C30-G70 is recommended as an optimum soil mixture for the good permeability and high resistance modulus.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ferruginol from Prumnupitys andina

Ferruginol, a phenolic diterpenoid, was isolated from Prumnupitys andina, a Chilean native plant, as the main compound. Ferruginol has displayed an interesting range of biological activities such as in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Aim of this research is to evaluate the dermal anti-inflammatory activity of ferruginol, using in vivo models at first time. Ferruginol was subjected to topical assays for the inhibition of inflammation elicited by AA （arachidonic acid） or TPA （phorbol ester） in the murine model. The topical anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vivo using groups of 8 animals were treated with a single dose of ferruginol, equimolar doses with regard to the reference drugs, indomethacin and nimesulide. We showed a chemical data were consistent with a type-abietane diterpenoid known as ferruginol. Ferruginol showed topical anti-inflammatory activity at 21.0% and 20.5% in AA and TPA models, respectively. Our results provide data to support further investigations about ferruginol, a type-abietane diterpenoid, as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.

Artificial Pollination and Seed Germination of Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl.

The artificial pollination and the seed germination on Dendrobium candidum were conducted. Results showed that the percentage of fruit-setting reaches the highest under cross pollination before 10 o＇ clock in the morning after blooming 2 d to 4 d. The optimal medium for seeds germination was MS＋ NAA 0.5 mg/L ＋ potato juice 10% ＋ active charcoal 0.5%, and cultured for 7 d in the dark then under light.

Effect of Spraying Nutritional Solution ＂PRO.SOL＂ and Chelated Iron on Growth and Flowering of Gazania Plant Gazania splenden L,

The aim of this research was to study the effect of spraying nutritional solution ＂PRO.SOL＂ and chelated iron on vegetative and floral growth characteristics on Gazania plant. Randomized Complete Block Design （R.C.B.D） was adopted utilizing two applications in three replicates. Three concentration levels of nutritional solution PRO.SOL （10.00, 5.00 and 0.00 mg/L） and four concentration levels of chelated iron （90.00, 60.00, 30.00 and 0.00 mg/L） were applied in this experiment. The interaction between the two factors was also measured. The mean values were compared using L.S.D test at probability level 0.05. Spraying PRO.SOL at concentration 10.00 mg/L or chelated iron concentration level 90.00 mg/L improved growth parameters. There was significant increase in： number of total leaves per plant, shoot dry weight, leaves total chlorophyll content, number of off-shoots, number and length of primary roots, length of the peduncle, number of flowers, number of petals and flower dry weight. Meanwhile leaf carbohydrate contents, phosphorus percentage and leaf iron content were increased significantly compared with the （unsprayed plants）. The interaction treatment, spraying nutritional solution PRO.SOL at concentration level 10.00 mg/L with 90 mg Lt chelated iron had a significant increase in all studied growth parameters, i.e., the number of flowers and petals gave 8.33 flowers and 18.67 petals compared with the control treatment which gave 3.33 flowers and 13.00 petals. Meanwhile leaf carbohydrate contents, phosphorus percentage and leaf iron content increased significantly in comparison with the unsprayed plants which gave the least values.

铁皮石斛花对肾上腺皮质激素致肾阴虚模型小鼠的影响

目的:探讨铁皮石斛花"滋阴功效"对肾上腺皮质激素致肾阴虚模型小鼠的作用。方法:采用ICR小鼠皮下注射氢化可的松3次造成肾阴虚模型小鼠,连续灌胃给予铁皮石斛花21 d。给药期间观测小鼠体重、摄食量、饮水量;末次给药后检测小鼠面温、抓力、痛阈和自主活动;取血测定血清中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、环磷腺苷(c AMP)和环磷鸟苷(c GMP)水平。结果:1与正常对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠体重、摄食量、痛阈值、抓力及血清SOD活力明显降低,饮水量、自主活动次数、面温、MDA、c AMP含量及c AMP/c GMP比值明显升高。2与模型对照组比较,铁皮石斛花各剂量均能明显减少模型小鼠自主活动次数,降低面温,升高痛阈值、抓力及血清SOD活力;1.0 g/kg和4.0 g/kg剂量能明显增加摄食量;1.0 g/kg和2.0 g/kg剂量能明显降低饮水量、血清c AMP水平及c AMP/c GMP比值。3铁皮石斛花与茎相比,铁皮石斛花在减少饮水量,升高痛阈值及血清SOD活力方面略优于茎;而铁皮石斛茎在调节环核苷酸系统,降低血清MDA含量方面优于花。结论:铁皮石斛花具有传统滋阴功效,可改善肾阴虚模型小鼠肾上腺皮质功能亢进症状,其作用机制可能与调节机体环核苷酸系统及清除体内自由基有关。

Self-assembly of Ophiopogonis polysaccharide-iron(Ⅲ) complex in aqueous solution and solid state

Ophiopogonis polysaccharide-iron(Ⅲ)(OPI)was prepared and characterized in the present study.The optimum condition for preparing OPI was as follows:OP and trisodium citrate were mixed at a weight ratio of 4:1 and reacted in a water bath at 70°C for 3 h within the pH range of 8.0–8.5.Aggregation morphology or structure of OPI in aqueous solution and solid state was studied by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray diffraction.In aqueous solution,OPI could self-assemble into micron vesicles with flower-shaped morphology.Results of X-ray diffraction showed OPI with layered structure.A core-shell model was proposed for OPI.