新传统,新现代——室内乐作品《青色》纵向语言简析

在“2003成都国际现代音乐节”川音教师新作品专场音乐会上,杨晓忠先生所创作的室内乐作品《青色》以其特殊的效果,得到业界的一致好评。本文主要通过对作品的线条式进行所组织的纵向语言的分析,揭示作者独特的音乐理念、写作手法,以及为拓展、重新定位现代音乐所做的尝试。

“青色”的文化意义及英译初探

从青色在汉语文化中的意义出发,探讨其作为一个文化符号在文学语言中所起到的作用,认为在文学翻译过程中,应深刻把握青色所创造的文化意境,这比寻求对等更有价值。

论海伦纳《青色蒙古》中的白马意象

海伦纳的《青色蒙古》是一部融合民族、历史、文化为一体的优秀长篇小说。蒙古马是小说的中心意象,有着丰富内涵。白马是蒙古民族精神的具象,在日常生活中敏捷伶俐、知恩图报,在战争中显现出英雄气概,吃苦耐劳,忠诚地保护着主人。白马是通往历史的媒介,小说运用虚实结合的手法刻画了实体的白马冈根萨日勒和神秘的雪白马,通过白马意象的穿插,巧妙地连接了历史与现实。白马是文化忧患的载体。作品中雪白马消失了、白马突然逝世,以文化寓言的形式,表达了作者对文化精神日渐衰落的感慨和思考,呼吁人们关注民族文化现状,增强文化忧患意识。

Purification and Identification of Antifreeze Proteins in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus

The conventional protein chromatography technique was adopted to purify the antifreeze proteins (AFPs) from the leaves of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f. Two bands on native PAGE gel showed thermal hysteresis activity, one was band B1, whose thermal hysteresis was 0.46 ℃ at 8 g/L, which showed two bands (67 kD, 21 kD) on SDS_PAGE gel; the other was B3, whose thermal hysteresis was 0.45 ℃ at 10 g/L, and it contained only a single protein (39.8 kD). Both B1 and B3 are not glycoproteins, because neither do they interact with Shiff_reagent, nor show ultraviolet characteristics of a typical glycoprotein.

Effect of Neoseiulus cucumeiris Carrying Paecilomyces fumosoroseus on the Prevention of Aphids and Spider Mites in Eggplant

Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies were conducted to confirm the feasibility of this idea. The germination condition of P. fumosoroseus conidia was determined by the method of different saturated salt solutions applying different humidity in small containers, and the pathogenicity test and the pot experi- ment were also conducted, under a suitable condition. There were 6 treatments for pot experiment as following： （1） CK; （2） releasing 50 N. cucumeds, （3） spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （4） releasing 50 N. cucumeris after spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （5） releasing 20 N. cucumeris dusted conidia of P. fumosoroseus; and （6） releasing 50 N. cucumeris dusted with conidia of P. fumosoroseus. The result showed that the germination condition of P. fu- mosoroseus conidia was 25-30 ℃ and 95%-100% RH, and under this condition, the 10s spores/ml conidia suspension caused a mortality of 86.52% in aphids and 41.78% in predatory mites after ten days. From the pot experiment, the numbers of aphids of treatment （3）, （4）, （6） were close to 0 at the 8th day. This study proved that the predatory mites N. cucumeris dusted with the entomogenous P. fu- mosoroseus could provide satisfactory control on both aphids and spider mites in potted eggplants under suitable temperature and humidity. The predatory mite vec- toring entomopathogen system could provide an economic and labor saving way for aphid control.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Family from Artemisia

Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide derived from Artemisia annua L, forms the basis of the most important medicines for treating malaria in use today. In the study, a total of 41 full genes coded cytochrome P450 monooxygenases were identified from NCBI. These genes were classified into 11 families in 3 gene clans according to sequence similarity. One of the first interesting features in sequence alignment was that the CYP82, CYP83 and CYP716 families specific in Arabidopsis genome were present in Artemisia, and the CYP92 specific in rice was also present in Artemisia. The physical and chemical properties and structure characteristics of the identified P450s were studied. The results showed their secondary structures were very similar and their senior structures mainly contained α-helix.

Chemical profile of the secondary metabolites produced by a deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune SD-118

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract from Penicillium commune SD-118, a fungus obtained from a deep-sea sediment sample, resulted in the isolation of a known antibacterial compound, xanthocillin X (1), and 14 other known compounds comprising three steroids (2-4), two ceramides (5 and 6), six aromatic compounds (7-12), and three alkaloids (13-15). Xanthocillin X (1) was isolated for the first time from a marine fungus. In the bioassay, xanthocillin X (1) displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7, HepG2, H460, Hela, Du145, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Meleagrin (15) exhibited cytotoxicity against HepG2, Hela, Du145, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. This is the first report of the cytotoxicity of xanthocillin X (1).

Expression and characterization of Mac-1-FP fusion protein in CHO cells

Objective: To construct mammalian cell expression vectors for Mac-1 with CFP and YFP and apply FRET to study the dimerization and function of CD11 b( Mac-1 α subunit) and CD18(Mac-1 β subunit). Methods: The mammalian cell expression vector for CD11b fused with CFP at the carboxyl terminal was constructed to create recombinant plasmid of pCD11b-CFP. Then pCD11b-CFP was co-transfected with pYFP-CD18 into CHO cell, a fibroblast like cell line, as a target cell within which there are some signal pathways involved in inflammatory stimulation but without endogenous Mac-1. Then CHO cells stably expressing both CD11b-CFP and YFP-CD18 fusion proteins were selected by Western blot and laser scanning confocal microscope. Results: The cyan and yellow fluorescence in co-transfected positive CHO cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope. CHO-Mac-1-FP cells stably expressing both CD11b-CFP and YFP-CD18 fusion proteins were obtained as demonstrated by Western blot successfully. The adhesive activity of CHO-Mac-1-FP cells with CHO-1CAM-1 cells was increased markedly by treatment with PMA, suggesting the translocation of GD11b-CFP and YFP-CD18 to the plasma membrane in CHO-Mac-1-FP cells and dimerization of CD11b-CFP and YFP-CD18 just as the function of the wild type Mac-1. Conclusion: CHO-Mac-1-FP cells with adhesive activity are established successfully, thus CHO-Mac-1-FP cells may be useful for the study of Mac-1 by FRET and for other purposes.

Polyploidy Induction of Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim.

[Objective] This study was conducted to obtain tetraploid Pteroceltis tatar# nowii Maxim. with excellent ornamental traits. [Method] The stem apex growing points of Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim. were treated with different concentrations of colchicine solution for different hours to figure out a proper method and obtain poly- ploids. [Result] The most effective induction was obtained by treatment with 0.6%- 0.8% colchicine for 72 h with 34.2% mutation rate. Flow cytometry and chromosome observation of the stem apex growing point of P. tatarinowii Maxim. proved that the tetraploid plants were successfully obtained with chromosome number 2n=4x=36. [Conclusion] The result not only fills the blank of polyploid breeding of P. tatarinowii, but also provides an effective way to broaden the methods of cultivation of fast- growing, high-quality, disease-resilience, new varieties of Pteroceltis.

Determination of astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters in shrimp shell by HPLC

A method for determination of astaxanthin and astaxanthin eaters in shrimp shell by high performance liquid chromatography is established.Shrimp shell are addressed with 5%hydrochloric acid to remove calcium ions.After shell is dried,organics from shrimp shell are extracted with anhydrous ethanol.The alcohol extrative of the shrimp shell is mixed with the ammonium sulfate to extract astaxanthin by aqueous two-phase extraction.The crude astaxanthin is collected,which is distributed in the middle layer of the aqueous two-phase layer.After distilled water is added to the crude astaxanthin,the aqueous solution is centrifuged,and the previous step is repeated for several times.The precipitation in centrifuge tube is collected and dried.The crude astaxanthin dried is dissolved with acetone,and the sample solution is separated by TLC.Every pigment on the TLC plate is collected and dissolved with acetone.The pigments are determined by high performance liquid chromatograph.The results show that aqueous two-phase system,3 mL alcohol extractive of astaxanthin and 4.5 mL 20%ammonium sulfate,can be used to acquire crude astaxanthin.The wavelength of the maximum peak of astaxanthin in ethanol solution is 472 nm.A variety of pigments can be separated from the crude astaxanthin by thin-layer chromatography,including free astaxanthin,astaxanthin monoester,astaxanthin diester,echinenone and other substances.It can be seen from high performance liquid chromatography that the appearance time of free astaxanthin is from 4 min to 5.5 min,and the appearance time of astaxanthin monoester is from 10.5 min to 27.8 min.The method is simple about the sample pretreatment and feasible about the determination of astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters in shrimp shell.

Pheomelanin Formation and Low Tyrosinase Activity in Fading Body Color Variant BdlR Strain Oryzias latipes

BdlR strain killifish Oryzias latipes, which can be found in natural populations in Kochi Prefecture, Japan, exhibit a fading body-color. The aim of this article is trace of body fade by enzymatic analysis especially blacking key enzyme tyrosinase. A single scale was collected from a single specimen of this strain at the dorsal axis, and the supernatant fi-action developed from this sample served as a tyrosinase extract. The extract fraction showed low tyrosinase activity when L-tyrosine, L-dopa and L-dopamine were used as enzyme substrates. After addition of L-cysteine to the sample scale, surface color gradually faded as pheomelanin formed. Tyrosinase was believed to have been in the folded phase and especially active arotmd the catalytic site and copper was detected in the scale. In hereafter, molecular analysis can attain above purpose.

Debt in the Quebecois Novels of the 1960-1980

This article will study the Quebecois novels of the 1960-1980＇s and especially the feeling of debt that women had because of the Christian Bible that condemned women as being the sinful Eve responsable for the Fall of Humanity. These novelists from Quebec, Marie-Claire Blais, Anne Hebert, and Gabrielle Roy, show that their female characters are unable to let go of this myth of the incarnation in their bodies of the temptations leading to Sin. Consequently, these heroines show a violent disgust for their bodies, and for all sexual manifestations （puberty, pregnancey, child-birth） that they describe very crudely. They reject their bodies and live in shame of their bodies. For this reason, they dress with modesty and have a neurotic fear of the Sin of the Flesh. This Sin makes them want to withdraw from the image of the temptress Eve and to identify themselves to Mary, the sublimated woman. For Quebec novelist Gabrielle Roy, the female debt cannot be repaid by a sublimation of women to Mary, but by a sublimation of women＇s own talents. Gabrielle Roy sees her late birth as a debt contracted towards her very impoverished and old parents. Fortunately, in her adolescence, she rebels against this unfair contract that her family and especially her mother imposes on her and that wrongs her because it forces her to follow the career path of a school teacher to repay the debts of her family. She withdraws from this debt by leaving for France and following the career path of a writer. She will redeem the debt of her family by writing her autobiography which is a monument in sublimation of her mother

Embryonic and larval development in barfin flounder Verasper moseri (Jordan and Gilbert)

Broodstock of Verasper moseri （Jordan and Gilbert） aged 3-4 years old were selected, and reinforced cultivation was conducted to promote maturation under controlled water temperature and photoperiod conditions. Fertilized eggs were obtained by artificial fertilization, and the development of embryos, larvae and juveniles was observed continuously. The results showed that the fertilized eggs of V. moseri were spherical, with transparent yolk and homogeneous bioplasm, and had no oil globule inside. The average diameter of the eggs was 1.77＋0.02 mm. The eggs of V. moseri were buoyant in water with salinity above 35. The cleavage type was typical discoidal. Young pigment cells appeared when olfactory plates began to form. Hatching occurred at 187 h after fertilization at a water temperature of 8.5℃. The newly hatched larvae, floating on the water surface, were transparent with an average total length of 4.69±0.15 mm. During the cultivation period, when the water temperature was raised from 9 to 14.5℃, 4-day old larvae showed more melanophores on the body surface, making the larvae gray in color. The pectoral fins began to develop, which enabled the larvae to swim horizontally and in a lively manner. On days 7-8, the digestive duct formed. The yolk sac was small and black. The yolk sac was absorbed on day 11. Larvae took food actively, and body length and body height clearly increased. The rudiments of dorsal and anal fin pterygiophores were discernible and caudal fin ray elements formed on day 19. On day 24, the larval notochord flexed upwards, and the rays of unpaired fins began to differentiate. Pigment cells converged on the dorsal and anal fin rays, and the mastoid teeth on the mandible appeared. On day 29, the left eyes of juveniles began to move upwards. Depigmentation began in some juveniles and they became sandy brown in color on day 37. Most juveniles began to settle on the bottom of the tank. The left eyes of juveniles migrated completely to the right side on day 50, when the average body length attained 2.5±0.18 cm, and juveniles accomplished metamorphosis to young. The embryonic and larval characters of several flounder species are compared.

Non-HFE haemochromatosis

Non-HFE hereditary haemochromatosis （HH） refers to a genetically heterogeneous group of iron overload disorders that are unlinked to mutations in the HFE gene. The four main types of non-HFE HH are caused by mutations in the hemojuvelin, hepcidin, transferrin receptor 2 and ferroportin genes. Juvenile haemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder and can be caused by mutations in either hemojuvelin or hepcidin. Ar~ adult onset form of HH similar to HFE-HH is caused by homozygosity for mutations in transferrin receptor 2. The autosomal dominant iron overload disorder ferroportin disease is caused by mutations in the iron exporter ferroportin. The clinical characteristics and molecular basis of the various types of non-HFE haemochromatosis are reviewed. The study of these disorders and the molecules involved has been invaluable in improving our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of iron metabolism.

Use of calcein and alizarin red S for immersion marking of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles

Black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles （30-40 mm total length） were immersed in a range of calcein （CAL） solutions at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/L and alizarin red S （ARS） solutions at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 mg/L in filtered seawater （salinity 30） for 24 h. Fluorescent marks were detected in otoliths （sagittae, asteriscus）, scales, fin rays （dorsal, pectoral, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays）, and fin spines （dorsal, ventral, and anal fin spines） after a 60-d growth experiment. With the exception of 50-100 rng/L CAL, acceptable marks were produced in the otoliths and fin spines by all concentrations of CAL and ARS. In particular, marks were clearly visible under normal light in the sagittae, asteriscus, and fin spines offish immersed in 200 500 mg/L, 300-500 rag/L, and 200-500 mg/LARS, respectively. Scales and fin rays had acceptable marks at much higher concentrations （≥50 mg/L CAL, ≥300 mg/L ARS for scales and ≥50 mg/L CAL,≥200 mg/L ARS for fin rays）. The mark quality was highest （i.e., acceptable marks were observed in all sampled structures after immersion marking） in fish immersed in 150-250 mg/L CAL or 300-500 mg/LARS. In addition, there was no significant difference in survival and growth of marked fish compared with controls 60 d post-marking （P〉0.05）.

Study on the Element Composition of Southern Celadon Porcelain and Coloring Mechanism

This paper mainly discusses the Si/Al molar ratio, RO/R2O molar ratio, Fe content, glazing and firing system on the thickness of Longquan Celadon pink coloring effects, and using a colorimeter, field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze better experimental sample microstructure and color and so on. We explored the Longquan Celadon of pink coloration mechanism.

Study on the Element Composition of Southern Celadon Porcelain and Coloring Mechanism

This paper mainly discusses the Si/A1 molar ratio, RO/R20 molar ratio, Fe content, glazing and firing system on the thickness of Longquan Celadon pink coloring effects, and using a colorimeter, field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze better experimental sample microstructure and color and so on. We explored the Longquan Celadon of pink coloration mechanism.

Isolation of Red Rose Anthocyanin Pigment and Its Application to Inhibit Lipid Oxidation in Yoghurt

Anthocyanin is a water soluble natural pigmen, which could be extracted from Red Rose. Color is an important factor to determine the quality of foods, so that the pigments isolation must be selected type of solvent for extraction process. Besides functioning as dyes, anthocyanins have a role as a good antioxidant, so it can be used to protect the fat content of fermented milk such as yoghurt. This experiment was to find out the effect of different solvent type on extraction pigment （aquadest： sitrat acid/lactic acid/sulfate acid/chloride acid） and to determine the effect of the addition of anthocyanins in protecting the fat content of yogurt on several levels addition. The research result showed that anthocyanin＇s pigment of red rose from petal flower＇s could be effective solvent extracted using lactic acid 0.02 M and increased fat stability of yoghurt. The anthocyanin pigment showed with HPLC analysis that pigment resulted TLC analysis at rite time 13.10 （as Cyanidin glucoside） and 22.61 （as Malvidin glucoside）. Yoghurt that given anthocyanin pigment has proven that fat content can be maintained its 86.7% （fat content with 2% pigment as such as 0.117% and without pigment 0.087%） after being stored for 6 days at cold and room temperature.

Coronatine Induces an Accumulation of Anthocyanin and Starch in Purple-fleshed Sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas Lam.)

[Objective] The objective of this research was to examine the effects of COR on anthocyanin and starch content in storage roots of two PFS genotypes, and to explore the relationships between anthocyanin synthesis and starch accumula- tion. [Method] A field experiment was carried out to determine the changes in yielc components, yield, contents of anthocyanin and starch, activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL） and adenosine 5-diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase （AG- Pase） in two genotypes of PFS （Ipomoea batatas L., var. ＇Ayamurasaki＇ and ＇Jishu18＇）. [Result] The application of COR significantly increased starch and antho- cyanin content in storage roots of Jishu18 across developmental stages by inducing the activities of PAL and AGPase, and finally enhanced yield by promoting fresh weight of storage roots. Ayamurasaki was insensitive to treatment with COR al- though its PAL activity temporally increased. The starch and anthocyanin content of Aya, and the anthocyanin content of Jishu18 increased progressively across devel- opmental stages with or without COR application, but the starch content of Jishu18 increased initially, then decreased before increasing again without application of COR. Treatment with COR reduced downward trend of starch accumulation in Jishu18. Thus, the effect of COR on accumulation of anthocyanin and starch in storage roots of PFS differs according to genotypes. [Conclusion] The application of 0.05 μmol/L COR may increase starch and anthocyanin content in PFS genotypes with lower starch and anthocyanin content in storage roots.

青色的蜜

“小优，你知不知道哪只人猿是王呀？” 爹地来到人猿山前面的时候，把一只手放在生锈的铁栏杆上，这样问我。