媒介景观视域下中华文化纪录片《风物》的创新传播研究

作为一档展现中华优秀传统文化传承发展的重点纪录片,《风物》积极探索“思想+艺术+技术”的融合创新,利用全新IMR技术与CG环境,打造出一场沉浸式且具有立体感的视听盛宴。基于媒介景观这一理论,本文从技术与传播策略两个维度剖析《风物》在构建媒介景观过程中的创新传播,包括以技术为基底的场景呈现、景观符号的内涵塑造,以及以人为本的叙事手法等传播手段。通过分析《风物》的创新传播策略得到启发:新时代的中华文化类纪录片必须以全新的视角与形式坚守文化传播,弘扬中华文化,增强文化自信。

新技术、新融合:从《风物》看纪录片的多元建构与影视工业美学

《风物》以工笔白描,绘东方风物。该片以全新的微观视角,生动讲述了中华大地上最具代表性的“风物”故事,描摹出一幅独特鲜活的,融风物、人文、地理、文化、美食、环境等为一体的“中国风物版图”,打造出一场具有影视工业美学、沉浸式、立体感的视听盛宴,在内容上展现了新时代下中华文化底蕴、生态文明之美、人与自然和谐发展的共生。影片不但探索了影视工业美学在纪录片中边界的延展与技术的运用,还探讨了关于影视工业美学“有意味的形式”的纪录片美学特征。

本土化视角下海洋民俗文化在纪实类电视节目中的传播模式——以《风物福建》为例

从本土化视角出发,将海洋民俗文化与福建纪实类节目结合,是对福建电视节目的一种创作思考。由于海洋民俗文化自身的特殊性,其与纪实类电视节目的结合仍面临一定的困难。在此方面,《风物福建》节目从多个创作的角度着手,对海洋民俗文化进行传播,并取得了较为显著的效果,值得我们去借鉴和分析。

Research Progress on Biological Risks of Agricultural GM Laboratory

The paper summarizes the research status on biological risks of agricultural GM laboratory and the risk factors of bio-safety in GM crops laboratory,and then proposes corresponding safety management suggestions.

Role of Wind-Sand Disturbance in the Formation and Development of Tamarix taklamakanensis Community

Formation, development and degeneration of Tamarix taklamakanensis M.T. Liu community may be affected by wind-sand disturbance. On the basis of field survey and experiments that took eight years from 1994, it was found that the plant community was formed in wet and low-lying land, developed in sand burying land, and died out in the land with strong wind erosion and severe sand burying. In the initial stage of the community formation, the low-lying land that was formed by wind erosion provided a suitable habitat for seed germination and plant rooting, but salt stress from ground water reduced seedling survival rate. In the developing stage of the community, sand burying stimulated vigorous growth of the shrubs. In the degenerative stage of the community, the wind erosion and sand burying resulted in dying out of the shrubs. It is therefore concluded that wind-sand disturbance has a positive role in the formation and development of the community, and is in a close association with the process of the community degeneration. Taking the habitat of T taklamakanensis into account, it may be appropriate to note that, under the conditions of frequent disturbance and severe stress, desert pioneer species are adaptable and able to survive. This might be a supplement to the CSR strategy.

Survey of damaging pests and preliminary assessment of forest health risks to the long term success of Pinus radiata introduction in Sichuan, southwest China

Pinus radiata was introduced to the summer rainfall environments of Sichuan Province, China in the 1990s as a part of an afforestation pmgram for soil and water conservation in the arid and semi-arid river valley area of Aba Prefecture. Within this region a total area of 26 000 ha have been identified through climate matching as suitable and a further 63 000 ha potentially suitable for environmental plantings of P. radiata. The plantations are being established in widely separated small patches on steep and degraded slopes along the dry river valley The newly introduced P. radiata are exposed to two kinds of forest health risks： they may be attacked by （a） indigenous pathogens and pests against which they may not possess any resistance or （b） by inadvertently introduced foreign pests or pathogens. This paper presents a survey of the potential damaging pests and a preliminary assessment of forest health risks facing the P. radiata plantations over a much longer timeframe than the initial phase of introduction and early plantation establishment. An empirical appmach was adopted to evaluate forest health risks by a combination of literature review, examination of historical records of pest and disease outbreaks in the surrounding conifemus forests, field surveys and inspections, specimen collection and identification, and most importantly, expert analysis of the likelihood of attack by specific pests and pathogens and the subsequent impact of such attacks. The assessment identified some specific forest health risks to the long-term success of P. radiata introduction in this area. These risks are closely associated with the indigenous pests and pathogens of the two native pine species, P. tabulaeformis and P. armondii since these pests and pathogens are considered more likely to establish on P. radiata over time. Exotic pests and pathogens are of a quarantine concern at present. Based on the results of assessment, recommendations are pmvided to improve forest vigour and to reduce the forest health risks posed by indigenous as well as exotic pests and pathogens to the introduced P. radiata. Ways to increase the ability to manage the forest health risks once a particular pest infestation and disease eventuates are also recommended. Although detrimental to the survival and growth of the introduced P. radiata, the impact of identified forest health risks are not considered to be fatal to the long term success ofP. radiata in this area.

Comprehensive ecological risk assessment for heavy metal pollutions in three phases in rivers

Literature lacked in providing a comprehensive research on heavy metal detection in aquatic, biological and sedimentary states of rivers. The present study was imparted with all these three components of the river. Heavy metal toxicity or pollution index was used as a tool for ecological risk assessment by considering the single state studies conducted by many researchers. An intensive ecological risk assessment model was constructed and heavy metals were indicated as a serious threat to the environment. The model was applied to determining five toxic heavy metals in three states of the Songhua River. According to the ecological risk index, heavy metal pollution in three phases was categorized as aquatic〉biological〉sedimentary, while the overall descending order of heavy metal ecological risk index was as Cd〉Hg〉As〉Pb〉Cr. Cd and Hg were selected as the priority pollutants of Songhua River.

Environmental risk assessment on slag and iron-rich matte produced from reducing-matting smelting of lead-bearing wastes and iron-rich wastes

A new process for utilization of hazardous lead-bearing wastes and iron-rich wastes by reducing-matting smelting has been developed.The slag（SG） and the iron-rich matte（IRM） are the main by-products from reducing-matting smelting of lead-bearing wastes and iron-rich wastes.The environmental risk of heavy metals（Cd,Zn,Pb and As） in the main by-products versus the charging material for reducing-matting smelting（CM） has been systematically assessed using leaching toxicity test,the three-stage sequential extraction procedure of European Community Bureau of Reference（BCR） and Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index Method（PERI）.The results demonstrate that the ecological risk level of heavy metals for SG and IRM is significantly reduced after the reducing-matting smelting process compared with that for CM.

Migration and transfer of chromium in soil-vegetable system and associated health risks in vicinity of ferro-alloy manufactory

Study was carried out to analyze the distribution and migration patterns,soil-to-plant transfer and potential health risks of chromium in soil-vegetable system in areas near a ferro-alloy manufactory in Hunan province.The results show that soils near sewer outlet,sewer channel and in control area are averaged 2 239.5,995.33 and 104.9 mg/kg,respectively.The total Cr has a relative accumulation in soil depth of 200-400 mm near the sewer outlet,mainly enriches in the surface layer（0-200 mm） near the sewer channel and decreases gradually in unpolluted soils.The differential concentration level of enrichment between layers is little.The results also indicate that the three vegetables of celery,lettuce and Chinese cabbage are able to convert the potentially toxic Cr（Ⅵ） species into the non-toxic Cr（Ⅲ） species,and the chromium contents in the edible parts of the vegetables are averaged 11.95 mg/kg.The transfer factors of the three vegetables follow the order：Chinese cabbage lettuce celery.The estimated total daily intake of chromium substantially exceeds the dietary allowable value,which may pose health risks to local population.

Investigation and Risk Assessment of Alien Invasive Plants in Riparian Zone of Dongjiang River

[Objective] The aim was to conduct investigation and risk assessment of the alien invasive plants in riparian zone of Dongjiang River.[Method] The field survey was carried out by the combination methods of sampling plots investigation and route survey,and the whole Dongjiang River was covered.52 sampling points were set in the main streams,and 87 sampling points in tributaries streams,624 quadrats were set in total;multi-index comprehensive evaluation method was adopted for the risk assessment with 6 first-level indexes and 25 second-level indexes.[Result] Through the investigation on the riparian zone of Dongjiang River for 2 years,51 species of alien invasive plants were found,belonging to 17 families and 38 genera.The risk level assessment results of these 51 species showed that 18 species,such as Ageratum conyzoides,belonged to high-level risk with over 60 points;26 species,such as Chenopodium ambrosioides,were between 30 and 60 points which belonged to middle-level risk;7 species,such as Paspalum dilatatum,with less than 30 points belonged to low-level risk.[Conclusion] Basic data on the protection,water environmental management and functional zoning of riparian zone of Dongjiang River were provided.

Source analysis and ecological risk assessment for heavy metals in the sediments of the Yangshan Deepwater Harbor in autumn and winter

Temporal and spatial variations of concentrations of heavy metals including mercury （Hg）, zinc （Zn）, lead （Pb）, arsenic （As）, copper （Cu）, and cadmium （Cd） in the sediments of the Yangshan Deepwater Harbor were determined based on 6 cruises in autumn and winter, respectively, from 2010 to 2013. The results demonstrated that the overall concentrations of heavy metals were low and distributed in uniform patterns. The concentrations of Hg, Zn, Pb, and Cd in autumn were significantly higher than those in winter with small fluctuations for As and Cu in terms of seasonal variations. Results of factor analysis showed that Pb, Cd, and Zn were derived from inland industrial and shipping discharges as well as the degradation of organic pollutants in marine environment. While agricultural pollutions, cargo shifting and construction debris from reclamation projects contributed to the sources of Cu, As, and Hg. Ecological risk assessment by Mean Sediment Quality Guideline Quotient （SQG-Q） revealed that the degree for eco-risk of the sediments was low-and-moderate in autumn, higher than that in winter. Hg and Cu were the dominant eco-risk factors. The results of Index of geoaccumulation （Igeo） showed that the whole sites of the sea area were barely influenced by Hg, As, Zn, and Pb, and the extents of Cd and Cu contaminations were in low grade. Contamination degree of all the six heavy metals could be ranked as the following： Cd〉Pb〉Zn〉Hg〉As. According to the results of integrated score of factor analysis, the contamination degree for heavy metals in sediments of the Yangshan Deepwater Harbor was low, despite sites No.5, No.4 and No.3, which were heavily contaminated compared with others.

Relation of Wind-induced Sand Displacement to Plant Biomass and Plant Sand-binding Capacity

Desertification is a process in which vegetation cover degrades followed by increased wind and water erosion. Plants adapted to moving sand conditions are able to reverse this process. They can stabilize die substrate. Not much data is available on the soil stabilization capacity of plants. This study was conducted to investigate the wind-induced sand displacement around plants in relation to their biomass. Sand displacement is examined in relation to the biomass allocation pattern of three different plant species. A new method was developed to experimentally investigate plant sand-binding capacity. The relationship between sand displacement and plant biomass was not linear. Apart from the amount of biomass, species-specific plant characters like the biomass allocation pattern and plant structure may be very important in determining the sand-binding capacity.

A Fuzzy Probabilistic Influence Diagram Method to Assess Marine Configuration Risk

A risk assessment method for marine configuration based on Fuzzy Probability Influence Diagram （FPID） and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis （FMEA） is established in this paper. Considering the fuzzy characteristic of the two key inputs such as event happening probability and relation probability, the method induces fuzzy probability into the PID risk assessment for marine configuration, where defuzzification is performed using the centroid method to determine the risk at a given grade of a probabilistic item. FMEA as a traditional qualitative analysis method is used to determine the effect factor structure. An application of the presented method for the offshore jacket platform is implemented. The method can be widely applicable although only offshore platform is analyzed here.

Impact analysis of supplier relationship on supply chain resilience using biological cellular resilience theory

A supply chain resilience model is established based on the biological cellular resilience theory to analyze the impact of the supplier relationship on supply chain resilience. A scenario where the market demand is changed suddenly by some undesired events is considered. The results reveal that enhancing collaboration with a more resilient supplier can significantly improve supply chain resilience and reduce supply chain losses. It is also found that enhancing the supplier relationship can significantly benefit supply chain resilience if the collaborative intensity is relatively low, and it has less effect if supply chain members have already collaborated closely. Thus, enhancing the supplier relationship to a limited intensity is a relatively effective and economic method to strengthen supply chain resilience.

Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicities of Shewanella algae and Shewanella abalone from Babylonia

[Objective] The biological characteristics and pathogenicities of Shewanella algae and Shewanella abalone from Babylonia were studied in this paper. [Method]The hemolytic bacteria were isolated from the hepatopancreas of Babylonia suffered from proboscis edema with blood agar plate. The dominant bacterial community in the ill Babylonia was identified by 16 S r DNA sequence analysis, and the bacterial cultural and biochemical characteristics and pathogenicities were studied. [Result]The Shewanella bacteria, including Shewanella algae and Shewanella abalone, are the dominant bacterial community in Babylonia suffered from proboscis edema.The colony characteristics of Shewanella algae in nutrient agar medium, TCBS agar medium and CHROMagar vibrio colored medium were similar to those of Shewanella abalone. Shewanella algae possessed β-hemolysis and Shewanella abalone possessed α-hemolysis in the blood agar plate. The biochemical reaction of Shewanella algae and Shewanella abalone was all of non-fermentation type. The results of artificial infection test showed that half lethal dose（LD50） of the test strains of Shewanella algae was 10-5.50/0.1 ml. The test strains of Shewanella algae have strong toxicity, and could cause mice and chickens to die of sepsis with mortality of100%. The mortality of Babylonia infected with Shewanella algae was 10%; while the survived Babylonia lost the ability of moving and intaking for a long time, but they were not suffered from proboscis edema. There was no death in mice or chicks infected with Shewanella abalone, but their livers and spleens were slightly hyperemic and swelling. There was also no death in Babylonia infected with Shewanella abalone, but their intaking and moving ability was lost for a short time.[Conclusion] Although Shewanella algae and Shewanella abalone were the dominant bacteria in Babylonia suffered from proboscis edema, they were not the main pathogenic bacteria for proboscis edema. Shewanella algae had strong pathogenicity to mice, chicks and Babylonia, while Shewanella abalone showed no marked pathogenicity to those experimental animals in this study.

Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Petroleum Using Forced-Aeration Composting

Laboratory simulation studies and composting pilot study wereconducted to evaluate the capacity of three strains of fungi,indigenous fungus Fusarium sp. And Phanerochaete chrysosporium andCoriolus Versicolor, to remediate petroleum-contaminated soils. Inlaboratory, the fungi were inoculated into a liquid Culture mediumand the petroleum-contaminated soil samples for incubation of 40 and50 days, respectively. In the 200-day pilot study, nutrient contentsand moisture were adjusted and maintained under aerobic Condition incomposting units using concrete container (118.5 cm×65.5 cm×12.5cm) designed specially For this study.

Modeling for Volatilization and Bioremediation of Toluene-contaminated Soil by Bioventing

A two-dimensional numerical model is developed to simulate the flow,transport and biodegradation of toluene during bioventing （BV） processes in the unsaturated zones.The simulation for a single well BV system is used to illustrate the effect of air injection rate on remediation efficiency.The air is injected into the vadose zone to create a positive pressure.Simulation results show that air injection rate is a primary parameter governing the dispersal,redistribution and surface loss of contaminant.At injection rates of 81.504 m3·d-1 （Run 1） and 407.52 m3·d-1 （Run 2）,the total removed mass of toluene is 169.14 kg and 170.59 kg respectively.Ratios of volatilization to bio-degradation in Run 1 and Run 2 are 0.57︰1 and 0.89︰1,respectively,indicating that lower air injection rate enhances the biodegradation efficiency greatly.Air injection rate should be optimized to meet oxygen demand and to minimize the operational cost.

EAG and behavioral responses of Helicoverpa armigera males to volatiles from poplar leaves and their combinations with sex pheromone

Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field.

INVESTIGATION ON DRYING CHARACTERISTIC OF MEDICAL PILL USING MICROWAVE-CONVECTIVE DRYING

The combined microwave-convective drying is a novel drying method and has many advantages, such as swift drying, equable drying and sterilization. This paper studies the drying characteristic of medical pill in microwave-convective drying process. The influential parameters of pill drying characteristics including pill size, quality, air velocity, temperature and the input power of microwave, are experimentally investigated. Results show that the drying process is influenced by the intrinsic heat of microwave power, and the environment and the resistance of mass transfer. It has the advantage of the microwave-convective drying in saving energy, reducing labor intensity and sterilizing. The method with the high efficiency is suitable for pharmacy industry.

Assemblage characteristics of clay minerals and its implications to evolution of eolian dust input to the Parece Vela Basin since 1.95 Ma

To understand the provenance and evolution of eolian input in the last 1.95 Ma in the Parece Vela Basin in the eastern Philippine Sea, the clay mineral assemblage of a gravity core PV090510 from the basin was investigated using paleogeomagnetic dating and X-ray diffraction. The assemblage of the core mainly consisted of smectite （-46%） and illite （-40%）, with some chlorite （-10%） and kaolinite （-4%）. Analysis of the provenance of these minerals suggested that smectite was mainly derived from volcanic rocks of the Mariana Arc, while illite, chlorite, and kaolinite were mainly transported as eolian dust by the East Asian monsoon from central Asia. We used the ratio of （illite＋chlorite＋kaolinite）/smectite as a proxy for Asian eolian input to the Parece Vela Basin since 1.95 Ma. This ratio followed glacial and interglacial cycles and was consistent with the intensity of the East Asian monsoon and aridity of central Asia since 1.95 Ma. The changes of the ratio reflected three different stages of the East Asian monsoon and provenance climate.