骨气

八月中一场山洪，赵家河野性大发，一家伙把河北面地势低洼的赵村冲走了小半个。

泰华作家司马攻微型小说艺术探微

司马攻先生是泰华文坛杰出的微型小说作家,也是泰国华文作家协会的名誉会长。他的小说注重选材,着意开掘和升华主题内涵,构思巧妙、文采飞扬。他的微型小说作品代表着泰华微型小说创作的最高水平。

“风清骨峻”新解——《文心雕龙·风骨》再阐释

"风骨"是对文章的美学要求,"风"是对文章感情的美学要求,"骨"是对文章语言、思想、逻辑性、结构、文体等方面的美学要求,"采"是语言的修辞美。"风"主要是纯正之美兼有自然、脱俗、灵动之美,"骨"是刚健之美。"风骨"的本质是"气"。

风格的民族性:文气、譬喻、风骨

文章讨论中国古典风格理论的民族特色。"文气"论是古典风格理论的主题形式,"譬喻"是文气风格论的民族艺术手段,"风骨"则体现了文气风格论的美学特质。

益气续骨汤联合股骨近端防旋转髓内钉对股骨粗隆间骨折骨性标志物的影响

目的探究益气续骨汤联合股骨近端防旋转髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)对股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效以及对其骨性标志物的影响。方法将2015年3月—2019年8月于本院就诊并接受治疗的140例股骨粗隆间骨折患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各70例。对照组给予PFNA手术,术后进行常规术后预防治疗,观察组给予PFNA手术联合益气续骨汤,PFNA手术操作同对照组,对比两组治疗前后视觉模拟评分法(visutal analogue scale,VAS)分数、Harris分数、髋部骨密度和血清Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide,PINP)水平。结果治疗后两组的VAS分数均明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗后2周、1月、3月的观察组的VAS分数均明显低于对照组,治疗后两组间VAS分数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组Harris分数明显升高(P<0.05),且治疗后2周、1个月、3个月的观察组的VAS分数均明显高于对照组,治疗后两组间Harris分数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1个月后两组的髋部骨密度值均明显升高,且治疗后2周、1个月、3个月的观察组的髋部骨密度值均明显低高于对照组,治疗后两组间髋部骨密度值的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组的血清PINP水平均明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗后2周、1个月、3个月的观察组的血清PINP水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论益气续骨汤联合PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折效果明确,可有效改善临床疗效,增强髋部骨密度值,降低血清PINP水平,促进骨愈合。

Design of comprehensive test system for detecting overlying strata mining-induced fractures on surface with radon gas

Based on radon gas properties and its existing projects applications, we firstly attempted to apply geo- physical and chemical properties of radon gas in the field of mining engineering, and imported radioac- tive measurement method to detect the development process of the overlying strata mining-induced fractures and their contained water quality in underground coal mining, which not only innovates a more simple-fast-reliable detection method, but also further expands the applications of radon gas detection technology in mining field. A 3D simulation design of comprehensive testing system for detecting strata mining-induced fractures on surface with radon gas (CTSR) was carried out by using a large-scale 3D solid model design software Pro/Engineer (Pro/E), which overcame three main disadvantages of ''static design thought, 2D planar design and heavy workload for remodification design'' on exiting design for mining engineering test systems. Meanwhile, based on the simulation design results of Pro/E software, the sta- bility of the jack-screw pressure bar for the key component in CTSR was checked with a material mechan- ics theory, which provided a reliable basis for materials selection during the latter machining process.

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ARYTENOID DISLOCATION AFTER ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION

Five cases of arytenoid dislocation after intubation under general anesthesia are reported in this article. The anatomical and anesthetic causes of this complication were studied restrospectively, and the methods of treatment were discussed. The result showed that the incidence of arytenoid dislocation was about 0. 09% (5/5 826). Hoarseness, dysphonia and difficulty in feeding were the prevalent symptoms, and poor mobili- ty of the vocal fold was the most common sign. The treatment included closed reduction of the displaced arytenoid under local anesthesia, steroid and physical therapy. The possible causes of arytenoid dislocation were summarized as follows: (1) trauma produced by the blade tip of laryngoscope, (2) the use of stylet, (3) overstretching of aryepiglottic fold and vocal cord during laryngoscopy and intubation, and (4) cough- ing and movement of the endotracheal tube on the larynx during the endotracheal tube in place. It was sug- gested that correct technique and gentle manipulation during intubation could reduce the incidence of the complication. Timely postoperative follow-up and early reduction of arytenoid cartilage should be empha-sized in the diagnosis and treatment of the complication.

A Case Report of Tracheal Extramedullary Plasmacytoma

Extramedullary plasmacytoma （EMP） is an uncommon tumor that often develops outside the bone and arises from clonal proliferation of atypical plasma cells before EMP is diagnosed. Multiple myeloma （MM） must be excluded by performing laboratory tests such as serum protein electrophoresis, bone marrow biopsy and skeletal imaging examinations. A bone marrow biopsy should show no evidence of multiple myeloma, and less than 3% of plasma cells. Monoclonal bands of serum protein and Bence-Jones protein in the urine can sometimes be detected. EMP can involve any extraosseous organs, but it predominantly affects the head and neck areas. Any extra-osseous organ may also be involved. Tracheal involvement is a rare finding. Only a few cases of primary tracheal extramedullary plasmcytoma have been reportedE2-41, Here we present a rare case of truly localized tracheal extramedullary plasmacytoma without evidence of myeloma elsewhere.

Assessing the Impact of Aggregate Type on Air Lime Mortar Properties Using Scanning Electron Microscopy

In recent years, the need for low energy materials has become increasingly important. With government targets aiming to reduce carbon emissions by 80% by 2050, and the construction industry being responsible for 50% of the UK＇s carbon emissions, it is of vital importance that positive changes are made. One of these changes is to reduce the carbon footprint of the materials used in construction. Lime mortar has been used for centuries, but since the arrival of cement, its use in modern construction has diminished, in part due to having lower compressive strengths than cement mortar. Air lime mortar, in particular, can be categorised as low energy due to the reabsorption of a significant amount of COE during the setting process： carbonation. The current study focuses on the impact of different types of aggregate （limestone and silicate） on air lime mortar strength. Previous research has found that higher strengths can be achieved with the use of limestone aggregate, but little is known about the reasons why. The research presented here looks at a microstructural analysis through use of SEM （scanning electron microscopy） in order to determine reasons behind the strength differences. At early stages of curing, there are clear differences at the interface of binder and aggregate.

Study on the musculoskeletal body for quadruped robots with spinning gait

The walking creatures' athletic ability is related to their body' s musculoskeletal system.A kind of musculoskeletal body for quadruped robots is developed,which will be used to assist the leg mechanism to achieve spinning gait in order to improve the robot mobility in unstructured environment.A bionic-flexible-spine model driven by pneumatic artificial muscles(PAMs) is proposed.Because the body has the flexible property,the robot can achieve spinning gait quickly,which is similar to walking creatures by coordinated movement between body bending and legs side-swing.The kinematics of the bending of the musculoskeletal body and side-swing of leg mechanism of quadruped robot for spinning gait are studied.According to the stability analysis of spinning gait,the relationship between body bending angle and leg swing angle can be determined.The PID controller is designed to conduct the bending experiment,and the bending characteristic of the musculoskeletal body is studied.Experimental results show that the biggest bending angle of the musculoskeletal body can reach 30°.

Angle Control of a Pneumatically Driven Musculoskeletal Model Based on Coordination of Agonist-Antagonist Muscle

In recent years, researchers have been actively pursuing research into developing robots that can be useful in many fields of industry （e.g., service, medical, and aging care）. Such robots must be safe and flexible so that they can coexist with people. Pneumatic actuators are useful for achieving this goal because they are lightweight units with natural compliance. Our research focuses on joint angle control for a pneumatically driven musculoskeletal model. In such a model, we use a one-degree-of-freedom joint model and a five-fingered robot hand as test beds. These models are driven by low pressure-driven pneumatic actuators, and mimic the mechanism of the human hand and musculoskeletal structure, which has an antagonistic muscle pair for each joint. We demonstrated a biologically inspired control method using the parameters antagonistic muscle ratio and antagonistic muscle activity. The concept of the method is based on coordination of an antagonistic muscle pair using these parameters. We have investigated the validity of the proposed method both theoretically and experimentally, developed a feedback control system, and conducted joint angle control by implementing the test beds.

Anteroposterior cricoid split interposition costal cartilage grafts for laryngotracheal stenosis in children

Objective: To investigate the effects of anteroposterior cricoid spliting interposition costal grafting for moderate and severe laryngotracheal stenosis in children. Methods: From 1995 to 2005, 87 children (aged 1. 2 to 14 years) with moderate and severe glottic and subglottic stenosis were retrospectively studied. They were operated with cricoid spliting laryngotracheal reconstruction in our hospital. All of 87 patients were tracheostomy-dependent before surgery. Results: Eighty-five patients (95%) were successfully decannnulated and got an effective phonation. The follow-up time was more than 5 years. The effect of operation was satisfactory and the growth and development of children was normal. Conclusion: Anteroposterior cricoid split interposition costal cartilage graft is a safe and effective treatment method for moderate and severe glottic and subglottic stenosis in children.

A Method of Assessing Parameters of Air-Void Structure in Air-Entrained Concretes

The air-void size distribution and number of air voids are crucial characteristics of air-entrainment. The standard spacing factor L is based on the Powers model, in which considerable simplifications are assumed. A better solution is provided by the Philleo factor, which determines the percentage content of protected paste located at a distance S from the edge of the nearest air void. Developing the concept put forward by Philleo, a method of determining the volume of protected paste on the basis of images generated from the numerical model of concrete grain structure including layout of aggregate-paste-air, is proposed. It is the ratio of the volume of the paste protected by air voids to the total paste volume. The PPV （protected paste volume） index accounts not only for sizes and number of air voids, but also for the role of aggregate particles in the placement of these pores, which is often disregarded in analyses. The PPV results obtained from image analysis were compared with standard spacing factor L and with the parameter developed by Philleo. The analyses conducted by the authors shows that accounting for aggregate grains in calculations substantially affects the assessment of the quality of the air-pore structure.

Analysis of Fatigue Fracture with Scanning Electron Microscopy of Valve Spring Steel

Valve spring steel for engines, belonging to the class of super clean steel, must be supported due to their application, high numbers of cycles in fatigue and cannot suffer any type of failure, which would be catastrophic for the vehicle. From these considerations, it was tested in axial fatigue, a test that can detect possible internal defects in their structure, caused by inclusions, a class of valve spring steel, where it aimed to discover the values of their fatigue life, followed by an analysis ofmicrostructural fracture surface by SEM （scanning electron microscopy）. It was proved, after testing, the specimens tested broke up a number of cycles always compatible with the life work of a valve spring and that fractures always occurred by surface defects in the specimens.

Efficient Construction of Quinoxaline Derivatives by Cesium Hydroxide-Catalyzed Mild Aerobic Annulation Reaction

Simple inorganic base cesium hydroxide is found to be the best catalyst for aerobic annulation reaction of o-phenylenediamine andα-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone in constructing the quinoxaline skeleton,i.e.,catalytic amount of cesium hydroxide can catalyze the reaction efficiently under mild conditions of room temperature in air atmosphere.This method is extendable to a series of vicinal diamines andα-hydroxyl ketones,thus having a relatively broad substrate scope.As no transition metal catalyst is required and cesium hydroxide highly water-soluble,cesiume can be effectively removed by washing with water,the prodcuts can be obtained without cesium and transition metal residue contamination.This reaction requires no other stoichiometric oxidants but the readily available and convenient air as the oxidant,and the only byproduct is water,hence a transition metal-free,mild and efficient,green and practical approach for efficient construction of the quinoxaline derivatives is provided.

骨气

有人问我什么是骨气，我是说不清的，只好跟他讲一个故事。

Comparative Study of Convective Heat Transfer Performance of Steam and Air Flow in Rib Roughened Channels

A comparative experimental study of heat transfer characteristics of steam and air flow in rectangular channels roughened with parallel ribs was conducted by using an infrared camera. Effects of Reynolds numbers and rib angles on the steam and air convective heat transfer have been obtained and compared with each other for the Reynolds number from about 4,000 to 15,000. For all the ribbed channels the rib pitch to height ratio(p/e) is 10, and the rib height to the channel hydraulic diameter ratio is 0.078, while the rib angles are varied from 90° to 45°.Based on experimental results, it can be found that, even though the heat transfer distributions of steam and air flow in the ribbed channels are similar to each other, the steam flow can obtain higher convective heat transfer enhancement capability, and the heat transfer enhancement of both the steam and air becomes greater with the rib angle deceasing from 90° to 45°. At Reynolds number of about 12,000, the area-averaged Nusselt numbers of the steam flow is about 13.9%, 14.2%, 19.9% and 23.9% higher than those of the air flow for the rib angles of 90°,75°, 60° and 45° respectively. With the experimental results the correlations for Nusselt number in terms of Reynolds number and rib angle for the steam and air flow in the ribbed channels were developed respectively.

Effect of Yi Jin Jing(Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) on skeletal muscle strength in the elderly

Objective： To observe the effect of Yi Jin Jing（Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises） on the muscle strength in senile sarcopenia. Methods： Sixty-five old people with sarcopenia were randomized into Yi Jin Jing group and a blank control group. Thirty-three patients in Yi Jin Jing group practiced Yi Jin Jing（Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises）, while 32 patients in the blank control group didn＇t receive any interventions. The muscle strength was measured before and after 12-week training. Results： During the study, each group had 1 dropout. The muscle strength was improved after 12-week training in Yi Jin Jing group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; there was no significant difference in the blank control group（P〈0.05）. After the intervention, there was a significant difference between Yi Jin Jing group and the blank control group in comparing the muscle strength（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Constant Yi Jin Jing（Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises） training can notably improve skeletal muscle strength in senile sarcopenia.

Balloon kyphoplasty: an experience of 38 patients with painful osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty as a new therapy for patients with painful osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures of the lumbar and thoracic spine. Methods ： A retrospective analysis was conducted in 38 consecutive patients （28 females, 10 males）, whose ages ranged from 56 to 82 years （mean age 72 years）. The symptom- and sign-positive spinal segment was identified by MRI. The time between onset of symptoms and surgical intervention ranged from 2 days to 1 year. 62 segments （36 thoracic, 26 lumbar） were treated in this cohort. The pain score estimated by Visual Analog Scale and activity degree were assessed immediately after operation and at 1-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative anterior, midline vertebral heights in fractured vertebrae were measured on lateral radiographs to evaluate the effect of the procedure. Results. The method achieved a swift pain relief associated with an evidently increased weight-bearing ability. The pain score was reduced from 8.2 to 2.4 points. The anterior and midline vertebral heights in 62 fractured vertebral bodies increased up to 82.76% ±26.84%, 88.82 % ± 21.75 % and the wedge decreased from 15 to 8 degrees. This effect persisted at least over a period of two years. The procedure did not induce narrowing of the spinal canal and no severe complications occurred. Conclusions： Balloon kyphoplasty can result in immediate clinical improvement of mobility and pain relief, increase vertebral body height, and quickly return patient＇s activity. The short-term results are approved excellent, and the long-term results need further judgment.