Continuing the previous report(1),seventeen compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizoma of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. On the basis of spectroscopic methods five of them were identified as sucrose(1),4’,5,7-trihy...Continuing the previous report(1),seventeen compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizoma of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. On the basis of spectroscopic methods five of them were identified as sucrose(1),4’,5,7-trihydroxy-8-prenyl-flavonc(2),liquiritigenin(3),formononetin(4),and glabrone(5)(1),(4)and(5)were obtained from this plant for the first time. Their antioxidant activities were observed in three oxidizing systems in vitro.(2),(3)and(5)showed remarkable activities in scavenging(5 exhibited good activity in inhibiting hemolysis induced by H_2O_2(3)and(5)displayed higher inhibitory action on (HpD + hv)-induced hemolysis than som typical antioxidants.展开更多
The wheat_ Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines Z1,Z2 contain a pair of Th. intermedium chromosomes 2Ai_2 carrying the gene with resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Genomic in situ hybridizat...The wheat_ Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines Z1,Z2 contain a pair of Th. intermedium chromosomes 2Ai_2 carrying the gene with resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to analyze the chromosome constitution of Z1,Z2 by using genomic DNA probes from Th. intermedium and Pseudoroegneria strigosa . The results showed that the chromosome constitution of either Z1 or Z2 composes of 42 wheat chromosomes and two Th. intermedium chromosomes (2Ai_2). The 2Ai_2 chromosome is St_E intercalary translocation, in which the E genomic chromosome segment translocated into the middle region of the long arm of chromosome belonging to St genome. With the genomic DNA probe of Ps. strigosa , the GISH pattern specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome may be used as a molecular cytogenetic marker. A detailed RFLP analysis on Z1, Z2 and their parents was carried out by using 12 probes on the wheat group 2 chromosomes. Twenty RFLP markers specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome were identified. Two RAPD markers of OPR16 -350 and OPH09 -1580 , specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome, were identified from 280 RAPD primers. These molecular markers could be used to assisted_select translocation lines with small segment of the 2Ai_2 chromosome and provide tools to localize the BYDV resistance.展开更多
For the purpose of contributing to the establishment of optimized eco-productive paradigm, a new layout of land use of the Loess Plateau was carried out and the associated forage potential was estimated. Results indic...For the purpose of contributing to the establishment of optimized eco-productive paradigm, a new layout of land use of the Loess Plateau was carried out and the associated forage potential was estimated. Results indicated that the percentages of the area of grassland, woodland, basic farmland and orchard to the total productive land area were 44%, 22%, 20% and 14% respectively according to this new land use scenario. Based on the datasets of 197 counties in the Loess Plateau, the estimated forage potential would amount to 104 881 028 ton/a (hay), which can raise 104 881 028 productivity sheep unit/ a. According to the unchanged price in 1999, pastoral gross product value would amount to 52 440.51 million yuan RMB/a, which is as much as 5.3 times of that in 1999 and exceeds the agricultural gross product in 1999 by 14%. In addition, there are ca. 59% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be more than 1 000 yuan RMB/a, while ca. 41% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be less than 1 000 yuan RMB/a. On the other hand, the estimated agricultural gross product on the Loess Plateau would amount to 11 472 2.34 million yuan RMB/a and ca. 46% of the total would come from pastoral industry, 27% from orchid industry, 14% from forestry and 13% from farmland. From the perspective both ecologically and economically, this paper holds that the herbi-vore-based pastoral industry is a promising industry bolstering the ecological improvement and economical development on the Loess Plateau.展开更多
To confirm the content and distribution of bioactive components in roots, stems, leaves and grains of Russian Me/i/otus officina/is ＇Sligen 1 ＂, an experiment involving bioactive components detection and field plant...To confirm the content and distribution of bioactive components in roots, stems, leaves and grains of Russian Me/i/otus officina/is ＇Sligen 1 ＂, an experiment involving bioactive components detection and field planting was conducted. Kjeldahl method and high performance gas chromatography were used to detect the protein. The automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect amino acid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and molecular distillation apparatus were used to confirm the fatty acid content. Gravimetric method was used to detect saponin and alkaloid contents. High performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the coumarin content. The polyphenol content was determined by forint reagent colorimetric method. Anthracene copper-sulfuric acid colorimetry was used to detect the polysaccharide, and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide col- orimetric method was used to confirm flavone. The results showed that protein and amino acid were mainly distributed in leaves and seeds. The fatty acid was mainly distributed in seeds. The saponin was mainly distributed in roots and leave. The polyphenol was mainly distributed in roots, stems and leaves. The alkaloid was mainly distributed in stems, leaves and seeds. Seeds mainly contained coumarin. M. officinalis had little polysaccharide and flavone. The total production of bioactive in- gredients was 3 016.3 kg/hm2. The output of crude protein, amino acids and fatty acids was 1 400.6, 1 246.8, 112.2, respectively. The yields of effective components saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols and coumarin were 97.0, 77.9, 41.7, 40.1 kg/hm2, respectively. After separation, extraction and purification, those components can be used as the natural ingredients to develop medicine, food, chemical and other biotechnological products.展开更多
Ontogeny and metamorphic. development of female reproductive organs in Ephedra sinica Stapf were surveyed. At the end of April, female cones began to initialize from the vegetative buds. Pollination occurred in mid-Ma...Ontogeny and metamorphic. development of female reproductive organs in Ephedra sinica Stapf were surveyed. At the end of April, female cones began to initialize from the vegetative buds. Pollination occurred in mid-May and seeds matured at the beginning of July. The ontogenetic pattern of female reproductive organs of E. sin ca is basically similar to that of E. distachya L. The foliar nature of the outer envelope of the ovule in Ephedra is corroborated. Reduction of ovule number as a tendency of speciation in the genus is substantiated by the occurrence of tri-ovulate cones coupled with comprehensive characters of the genus. The metamorphic patterns as well as the leaf nature of the outer envelope indicate that female cones of Ephedra are compound while the female reproductive units of the ovulate cone have been reduced from secondary reproductive shoots similar to those of cordaites by phylogenetic transformation, fusion and reduction. Each fertile bract together with its axillary female reproductive unit composed the Bract Scale and Seed Scale Complex of Ephedra.展开更多
[Objective] To produce drug resistance, seek non-toxic environmental so as to change the current biological drugs that did not excessive use of antibiotics. [Methods] A strain of Bacillus was purified and isolated fro...[Objective] To produce drug resistance, seek non-toxic environmental so as to change the current biological drugs that did not excessive use of antibiotics. [Methods] A strain of Bacillus was purified and isolated from fresh and healthy in- testines of grass carps. Biochemical identification was carried out by conventional bacterial biochemical test method. Two pairs of primers were designed, 16S rRNA detection and sequencing analysis were carried out. Drug sensitive test was carried out by agar diffusion method. In vitro inhibition test on Staphylococcus aureus was carried out by Oxford cup method. [Results] The isolated bacterium had basically the same biochemical characters as Bacillus subtilis; and the homology reached 100%. Thus, the isolated bacterium was identified to be Bacillus subtilis. It was insensitive to amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin G and so on, but sensitive to amikacin, cefalexin, ciprofloxacin and cefradine. The inhibitory effects of Bacillus subtilis on Staphylococ- cus aureus were significant. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） was 2.8×10^8×2^-5/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC） was 2.8×10^8×2^-2/ml. [Conclusions] The isolated Bacillus subtilis could be used to prevent and control diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and reduce the abuse of antibiotics.展开更多
文摘Continuing the previous report(1),seventeen compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizoma of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. On the basis of spectroscopic methods five of them were identified as sucrose(1),4’,5,7-trihydroxy-8-prenyl-flavonc(2),liquiritigenin(3),formononetin(4),and glabrone(5)(1),(4)and(5)were obtained from this plant for the first time. Their antioxidant activities were observed in three oxidizing systems in vitro.(2),(3)and(5)showed remarkable activities in scavenging(5 exhibited good activity in inhibiting hemolysis induced by H_2O_2(3)and(5)displayed higher inhibitory action on (HpD + hv)-induced hemolysis than som typical antioxidants.
文摘The wheat_ Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines Z1,Z2 contain a pair of Th. intermedium chromosomes 2Ai_2 carrying the gene with resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to analyze the chromosome constitution of Z1,Z2 by using genomic DNA probes from Th. intermedium and Pseudoroegneria strigosa . The results showed that the chromosome constitution of either Z1 or Z2 composes of 42 wheat chromosomes and two Th. intermedium chromosomes (2Ai_2). The 2Ai_2 chromosome is St_E intercalary translocation, in which the E genomic chromosome segment translocated into the middle region of the long arm of chromosome belonging to St genome. With the genomic DNA probe of Ps. strigosa , the GISH pattern specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome may be used as a molecular cytogenetic marker. A detailed RFLP analysis on Z1, Z2 and their parents was carried out by using 12 probes on the wheat group 2 chromosomes. Twenty RFLP markers specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome were identified. Two RAPD markers of OPR16 -350 and OPH09 -1580 , specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome, were identified from 280 RAPD primers. These molecular markers could be used to assisted_select translocation lines with small segment of the 2Ai_2 chromosome and provide tools to localize the BYDV resistance.
文摘For the purpose of contributing to the establishment of optimized eco-productive paradigm, a new layout of land use of the Loess Plateau was carried out and the associated forage potential was estimated. Results indicated that the percentages of the area of grassland, woodland, basic farmland and orchard to the total productive land area were 44%, 22%, 20% and 14% respectively according to this new land use scenario. Based on the datasets of 197 counties in the Loess Plateau, the estimated forage potential would amount to 104 881 028 ton/a (hay), which can raise 104 881 028 productivity sheep unit/ a. According to the unchanged price in 1999, pastoral gross product value would amount to 52 440.51 million yuan RMB/a, which is as much as 5.3 times of that in 1999 and exceeds the agricultural gross product in 1999 by 14%. In addition, there are ca. 59% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be more than 1 000 yuan RMB/a, while ca. 41% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be less than 1 000 yuan RMB/a. On the other hand, the estimated agricultural gross product on the Loess Plateau would amount to 11 472 2.34 million yuan RMB/a and ca. 46% of the total would come from pastoral industry, 27% from orchid industry, 14% from forestry and 13% from farmland. From the perspective both ecologically and economically, this paper holds that the herbi-vore-based pastoral industry is a promising industry bolstering the ecological improvement and economical development on the Loess Plateau.
文摘To confirm the content and distribution of bioactive components in roots, stems, leaves and grains of Russian Me/i/otus officina/is ＇Sligen 1 ＂, an experiment involving bioactive components detection and field planting was conducted. Kjeldahl method and high performance gas chromatography were used to detect the protein. The automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect amino acid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and molecular distillation apparatus were used to confirm the fatty acid content. Gravimetric method was used to detect saponin and alkaloid contents. High performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the coumarin content. The polyphenol content was determined by forint reagent colorimetric method. Anthracene copper-sulfuric acid colorimetry was used to detect the polysaccharide, and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide col- orimetric method was used to confirm flavone. The results showed that protein and amino acid were mainly distributed in leaves and seeds. The fatty acid was mainly distributed in seeds. The saponin was mainly distributed in roots and leave. The polyphenol was mainly distributed in roots, stems and leaves. The alkaloid was mainly distributed in stems, leaves and seeds. Seeds mainly contained coumarin. M. officinalis had little polysaccharide and flavone. The total production of bioactive in- gredients was 3 016.3 kg/hm2. The output of crude protein, amino acids and fatty acids was 1 400.6, 1 246.8, 112.2, respectively. The yields of effective components saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols and coumarin were 97.0, 77.9, 41.7, 40.1 kg/hm2, respectively. After separation, extraction and purification, those components can be used as the natural ingredients to develop medicine, food, chemical and other biotechnological products.
文摘Ontogeny and metamorphic. development of female reproductive organs in Ephedra sinica Stapf were surveyed. At the end of April, female cones began to initialize from the vegetative buds. Pollination occurred in mid-May and seeds matured at the beginning of July. The ontogenetic pattern of female reproductive organs of E. sin ca is basically similar to that of E. distachya L. The foliar nature of the outer envelope of the ovule in Ephedra is corroborated. Reduction of ovule number as a tendency of speciation in the genus is substantiated by the occurrence of tri-ovulate cones coupled with comprehensive characters of the genus. The metamorphic patterns as well as the leaf nature of the outer envelope indicate that female cones of Ephedra are compound while the female reproductive units of the ovulate cone have been reduced from secondary reproductive shoots similar to those of cordaites by phylogenetic transformation, fusion and reduction. Each fertile bract together with its axillary female reproductive unit composed the Bract Scale and Seed Scale Complex of Ephedra.
基金Supported by the Cooperation Subject(09003699)the Project of Jiangxi Education Department(GJJ12237)the Project of Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi(20122BBF60082)~~
文摘[Objective] To produce drug resistance, seek non-toxic environmental so as to change the current biological drugs that did not excessive use of antibiotics. [Methods] A strain of Bacillus was purified and isolated from fresh and healthy in- testines of grass carps. Biochemical identification was carried out by conventional bacterial biochemical test method. Two pairs of primers were designed, 16S rRNA detection and sequencing analysis were carried out. Drug sensitive test was carried out by agar diffusion method. In vitro inhibition test on Staphylococcus aureus was carried out by Oxford cup method. [Results] The isolated bacterium had basically the same biochemical characters as Bacillus subtilis; and the homology reached 100%. Thus, the isolated bacterium was identified to be Bacillus subtilis. It was insensitive to amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin G and so on, but sensitive to amikacin, cefalexin, ciprofloxacin and cefradine. The inhibitory effects of Bacillus subtilis on Staphylococ- cus aureus were significant. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） was 2.8×10^8×2^-5/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC） was 2.8×10^8×2^-2/ml. [Conclusions] The isolated Bacillus subtilis could be used to prevent and control diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and reduce the abuse of antibiotics.
