Predictors of caring behaviors of mothers of premature infants based on the health belief model

Objective:To investigate predictors of caring behaviors of mothers of premature infants based on the health belief model.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted by using the structural equation modeling on 168 mothers of premature infants,who were selected by convenience sampling method from October 2017 to February 2018 in Iran.Data were collected by using a standard scale.Validity and reliability of all data collection tools were approved.Data were analyzed by using SPSS V.16 and Mplus6 software.Results:The structural equation modeling of the initial health belief model did not have a good fit,but the fitness of model 2 obtaining from the modified initial model was confirmed by changes in locations of constructs.None of constructs of model 2 had a significant positive association with the caring behavior of mothers of premature infants and only 2.8%of variance of caring behaviors in mothers could be predicted by the sum of variables of demographic characteristics and the modified health belief model constructs.Conclusions:Given that the findings do not approve the use of the health belief model in predicting determinants of caring behavior of mothers of premature infants,it is suggested to apply this model to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model on the caring behavior of mothers.

Maternal Depression and Mother-to-Infant Bonding: The Association of Delivery Mode, General Health and Stress Markers

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine associations among maternal stress level, general health, mother to infant bonding, maternal depression level, and mode of delivery. Methods: Mothers who delivered a single baby at term were recruited with a total 435 mothers participating in the study. Outcome measures: Data were collected 6 months after delivery using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as well as socio-demographic and medical information at 6 months. Additionally, salivary cortisol and chromogranin levels were determined. Results: The proportion of breast-feeding mothers in the vaginal delivery group (51.4%) was significantly higher than that of the cesarean section group (24%). GHQ-28 scores were significantly related to EPDS scores and MIBS scores (P Conclusion: Maternal general health is associated with maternal psychological health. These results suggest that the support of maternal health is important to maintain maternal psychological status and bonding to infants. Because EPDS scores were significantly worse in the planned cesarean section group (4.2 ± 3.3), careful management is needed of mothers who deliver by planned cesarean section.

Mother’s Nutritional Knowledge and Practice towards Children under Two Years of Age and Its Impact on Their Health in Abuzaid Albuluk Pediatric Specialized Hospital in 2023

Background: Nutritional knowledge and practise is an important measure to improve dietary habits and food choices. The daily food should contain balanced nutrition as needed to support optimal growth, avoid deficiency diseases and prevent the diseases which might interfere with the children health. Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional non-interventional hospital-based study was carried out among 122 mothers and 122 children by using a non-probability convenience sampling technique in the period of 15 March to 15 April 2023, and using interviews with structural questionnaires, the data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: We found that most of the children had moderate health, while most of the mothers had moderate nutritional knowledge and practise towards their children, also we found that the relationship between mothers’ knowledge and practise and child health was significant (P Conclusion: Mothers’ knowledge and practise among children was moderate and children had moderate health. Wrong beliefs and cultural taboos play major roles in decreasing knowledge and practise.

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mother-Infant Bond: A Systematic Review

Background: The healthy bond that develops prenatally between the mother and her infant is important for the neuropsychological development and development of the child. In stressful situations and mental disorders, the development of this bond is inhibited. With this study, an attempt is made to investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected the development of the mother-infant bond. Methods: We have searched in the databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, from July to October 2023 and we have found 18 related articles. Results: Most studies supported a lower mother-infant attachment during the pandemic period. We also found increased rates of depressive symptoms, anxiety and post-traumatic stress during the pandemic. Conclusions: The period of the pandemic and the psychological factors were the right conditions for the reduced development of the mother-infant bond. In epidemiological outbreaks, the mental health of the mother and her relationship with the infant should be a priority for perinatal care professionals.

New Law Protects the Health of Mothers and Infants

CHINA celebrates International Children’s Day this year with the implementation of a law protecting the health of the country’s mothers and infants. The Law of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Mothers and Infants, passed on October 27, 1994, during the 10th Session of the 8th Standing Committee of National People’s Congress, was publicly issued on the No.33 Command of the President of the P.R.C. and will go into effect June 1, 1995. This first law specifically concerned with the protection of the health of women and children is expected to play an important role in the overall improvement of the health of the Chinese people, the quality of the population, the advancement of the society, and the overall happiness among families. The law stresses the promotion of maternal and child

激励式健康教育联合早期母婴皮肤接触对剖宫产产妇负面情绪及子宫复旧的影响

目的探讨激励式健康教育联合早期母婴皮肤接触对剖宫产产妇负面情绪及子宫复旧的影响.方法选取2021年1月—2023年8月于菏泽市中医医院行剖宫产的84例产妇为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各42例.对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施激励式健康教育联合早期母婴皮肤接触.对比两组负面情绪、母乳喂养情况、子宫复旧情况.结果护理后,观察组焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分均低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组母乳喂养评估工具、母乳喂养自我效能测量简表评分均高于对照组,产后1个月的纯母乳喂养率为64.29%,高于对照组的40.48%,产后24、48 h宫底下降高度均大于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论激励式健康教育联合早期母婴皮肤接触能够改善剖宫产产妇负面情绪,促进母乳喂养及子宫复旧.

延续护理对糖尿病母亲新生儿出院后皮肤情况的效果

目的探讨延续护理对糖尿病母亲新生儿出院后皮肤情况的影响。方法选取2015年11月至2017年11月就诊于新生儿科的糖尿病母亲新生儿110例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组55例。2组新生儿出院时均对其母亲进行常规的出院指导。观察组出院后的第7天、14天、21天、28天由科室的健康教育护士电话指导糖尿病母亲对新生儿皮肤护理的工作,并于每日利用微信群平台与其分享新生儿的日常护理。比较2组新生儿出院后1个月皮肤情况、家属满意度、因皮肤问题就诊情况。结果观察组新生儿皮肤出现尿布疹、湿疹、脂溢性皮炎的发生率低于对照组(P <0. 05),观察组新生儿家属满意度高于对照组(P <0. 05),观察组新生儿因皮肤问题就诊率低于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论院外延续护理模式可减少糖尿病母亲新生儿出院后皮肤出现问题的发生率,提高新生儿家属的满意度,降低因皮肤问题的就诊率,减少家庭支出。

母乳喂养对母婴健康远期影响的研究进展

母乳喂养能对母婴的远期健康产生深远影响,不但可以降低儿童在婴儿期湿疹、皮炎、哮喘和婴儿猝死综合征等疾病的发生几率,还可以减少其在青少年甚至成人期发生肥胖、糖尿病、淋巴瘤和白血病的可能性,并有助于儿童未来的体格生长、认知能力、社会适应能力、行为、气质和注意力等的正常发育,减少注意缺陷多动障碍的发生。此外,母乳喂养也使乳母得到许多意想不到的健康益处,它减少了乳母罹患疾病的机会,使其在将来发生乳腺癌等躯体疾病以及抑郁等精神疾病的可能性也大大降低。

不同健康教育方式对农村儿童母亲喂养知识态度和行为的影响

【目的】比较不同健康教育方式的干预效果。【方法】类试验研究。选择经济和儿童保健服务水平相似的4个乡,分别用面对面讲解、发信、张贴画的方式对3个乡的所有婴儿母亲传播辅食添加知识。1个对照乡进行常规健康教育。干预10个月后对4个乡6-16个月婴儿的母亲（干预乡47、66、61名和对照乡69名）进行面对面问卷调查,比较干预效果。【结果】讲解乡（92.9%）比对照乡（75.8%）有较高比例的母亲知道过晚添加辅食对婴儿健康不利（P〈0.05）;张贴画乡（65.0%）比对照乡（43.5%）和讲解乡（43.5%）有较高比例的母亲知道正确的辅食添加时间（P〈0.05）。讲解乡的母亲（78.3%）比另3个乡的母亲适时添加辅食的比例高（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。讲解乡的母亲（48.9%）至少每周给婴儿吃1次鱼或肉的比例明显高于发信乡（26.2%）和张贴画乡（21.7%）（P〈0.01）。【结论】健康教育干预对改善婴幼儿母亲喂养知识态度与喂养行为起到了一定效果。面对面讲解的方式效果较好,三种健康教育方式有效结合是比较适合当地的健康教育方式。

应用护理敏感质量指标提高乙型肝炎母婴阻断健康教育效果的实践

目的探讨护理敏感质量指标在乙型肝炎母婴阻断健康教育中的应用。方法查阅文献并结合科室临床护理实践回顾性分析,应用德尔菲函询法建立乙型肝炎母婴阻断健康教育结构-过程-结果护理敏感质量指标共8项,将其应用于乙型肝炎孕产妇母婴阻断健康教育中,准确收集监测数据进行动态分析,针对分析结果持续质量改进。结果护理质量敏感指标应用后,护患比下降(P<0.05);过程指标和结果指标均得到改善(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论应用护理敏感质量指标可有效促进乙型肝炎孕产妇健康教育质量提升,进一步深化了责任制整体护理服务内涵。

3025例婴幼儿母亲受暴情况及对母婴身心健康影响分析

目的 了解天津市城区家庭暴力的发生率及对母婴身心健康的影响。方法 采用北京大学妇儿保健中心编制《妊娠妇女家庭暴力现状调查表》 ,对天津市 6个城区、 2个滨海区 6～ 18个月的婴幼儿母亲进行调查。结果 天津市城区孕产妇家庭暴力的发生率为 10 5 % ,其中单一型暴力占 79 1% ,复合型 ( 1种以上暴力类型 )占 2 0 9%。暴力家庭母亲的睡眠问题、不良情绪、躯体症状、生活自信积分均值与非暴力家庭间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ,暴力家庭婴幼儿的睡眠问题、不良情绪、胆小依赖、攻击性积分均值与非暴力家庭间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 女方年龄 <2 5岁、文化程度、职业层次、社会地位较低的家庭中 ,家庭暴力的发生率较高 ,孕产期家庭暴力严重影响妇女。

贯彻实施“一法两纲” 提高妇女儿童健康水平

广州市卫生局自《母婴保健法》颁布以来 ,坚持以贯彻“一法两纲”为重点 ,围绕提高出生人口素质和降低孕产妇、 5岁以下儿童死亡率的中心工作 ,不断强化妇幼卫生制度化、规范化管理 ,严格资格认证 ,打击非法行医 ,推进妇幼保健机构达标和网络建设 ,努力提高妇幼保健服务能力和水平 。

住院初期早产儿父母心理需求的满足状况及其影响因素研究

目的了解住院初期早产儿父母心理需求的满足状况,探讨其影响因素。方法应用CCFNI需求量表调查200名早产儿父母需求的满足状况,对其影响因素进行多元回归分析。结果住院初期早产儿父母对信息的需求和接近患儿需求的满足程度低;早产儿父母对需求的满足与其学历、母亲妊娠次数、早产儿是否处于监护、早产儿入院体重及母亲的分娩方式有关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论应同时关注患儿及其父母的生理、心理需求,并合理满足其需求,以家庭为单位对早产儿进行护理,真正体现人性化护理。

二胎母亲孕产期心理健康及其影响因素调查研究

目的:调查二胎母亲孕产期心理健康状况,探讨其影响因素,并分析其对新生儿气质类型及神经行为的影响。方法:采用自制影响因素问卷、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)、Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)对238例二胎孕妇在孕12周、24周、38周、产后第7天和产后第42天共5个时间节点纵向随访调查,采用小婴儿气质问卷、新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)对新生儿进行调查。结果:①孕12周、24周、38周、产后第7天和产后第42天5个时间节点二胎母亲焦虑的检出率依次为11.34%、4.62%、11.76%、11.35%、7.14%,抑郁检出率依次为4.20%、1.26%、14.71%、13.03%、15.13%。②二胎母亲孕12周抑郁情绪对产后第7天抑郁的产生有影响(P<0.01);孕24周焦虑情绪对产后第42天焦虑的出现有影响(P<0.01)。③影响二胎母亲孕产期焦虑、抑郁的因素有头胎性别、家庭月收入、头胎健康状况、性别期待、担心喂养困难、饮食欠佳、担心养育孩子经济问题、对婆媳关系是否感到满意、是否担心头胎对二胎的态度、高危年龄等因素。④二胎母亲孕38周抑郁与小婴儿气质类型呈正相关(r=0.178),孕24周抑郁症状的发生与新生儿神经行为发育呈负相关(r=-0.282)。结论:①二胎母亲孕38周焦虑症状的检出率最高,抑郁症状的发生以产后第42天最高;②二胎母亲孕期3个阶段及产后2个阶段焦虑、抑郁症状发生的影响因素包括高龄、头胎健康状况、担心养育孩子经济问题、担心头胎对二胎的态度、对胎儿的性别期待等;③二胎母亲孕期抑郁症状对婴儿气质类型、新生儿神经行为发育有影响。

对多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识宣教的效果观察

目的探讨对多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识宣教的方法和效果。方法 对346名多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识宣教,内容包括新生儿的生理和心理特点、新生儿疾病症状、新生儿意外损伤的初步急救、喂养和营养等方面的知识。结果教育后多胞胎儿母亲对新生儿保健知识掌握情况优于教育前,教育前后比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论对多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识的宣教,可使其对新生儿的保健知识有了一个比较系统和科学的认识,从而提高了多胞胎儿的健康水平。

北京市某社区孕早期妇女母婴健康素养现况研究

目的了解孕早期妇女母婴健康素养水平,为提高孕妇健康素养水平提供参考。方法采用问卷开展定量调查,对2015年7-12月在北京市某社区卫生服务中心建档的504名孕早期妇女母婴健康素养调查资料进行统计分析。结果孕早期妇女母婴健康素养基本知识平均知晓率为45.36%;健康生活方式与行为知识平均知晓率为33.48%;基本技能平均掌握率为45.56%。年龄、文化程度、户籍、高危因素、产次为孕早期妇女母婴健康素养影响因素。结论孕早期妇女母婴健康素养总体水平偏低,健康生活方式与行为知识知晓率最低。要加强政府主导,突出健康教育内容的可读性、连续性,做好孕早期妇女母婴健康素养干预。

山西省产妇高龄化现状及趋势分析

目的了解山西省产妇高龄化现状及趋势。方法利用山西省以医院为基础的出生缺陷监测网所收集的资料，对2001-2010年42所监测医院的产妇及高龄（I〉35岁）产妇数进行分析。对城镇高龄产妇比率分别进行平滑指数模型（exponenti Mmodel）拟合分析，对乡村高龄产妇比率进行3次方模型（cubicmodel）拟合分析，了解高龄产妇比率的变化趋势，并预测2015年高龄产妇比率。结果42所医院高龄产妇为8．4％。，全省高龄产妇2001年比率为5．7％，2010年为9．6％，模型拟合分析得平滑指数模型为ln（Y）=In（5．529）＋（o．069×t），预测2015年山西省高龄产妇达到14．8％。城市高龄产妇比率2001年为5．0％（826／16435），2010年为10．3％（2591／25132），模型拟合分析得平滑指数模型为ln（Y）=In（4．760）＋（0．085×t），预测2015年山西省城市高龄产妇达17．0％。农村2001年高龄产妇比率为7．1％（573／8122），2010年为9．0％（3354／37401），模型拟合分析得3次方模型为Y=8．544-2．002t＋0．523t^2-0．032t^3，变化趋势不明显。结论山西省总体高龄产妇比率呈逐年增长趋势，城市尤其明显。

婚前医学检查中事实婚姻现状与分析

慈溪市 1993～ 2 0 0 0年婚前医学检查 12 2 34 6人 ,其中女性 6 1199人 ,事实婚姻 32 6 40人 ,占 5 3.33% ;已孕数 15 0 92人 ,占 2 4.6 6 %。因此 ,必须加强法制宣传 ,提前进行婚前教育 ,提高群众的自我保健意识 ,使婚前医学检查落到实处。

潍坊市住院婴幼儿母亲发热知识认知调查及健康教育需求评价

目的了解潍坊市住院婴幼儿母亲对发热知识的认知水平及健康教育需求情况。方法采用随机抽样的方法,抽取潍坊市1 673名住院发热婴幼儿母亲,用自行设计的调查问卷,对发热知识的认知水平及健康教育需求情况进行调查。结果住院婴幼儿母亲对发热相关知识普遍认识不足,答对率较低的问题为发热时的表现(46.3%)、发热多少度需要药物治疗(52.3%)、正确的降温方法(58.2%)。住院婴幼儿母亲对健康教育均有较高的需求,排在前3位的问题得分:退热药物的服用剂量(2.8±0.5)分,退热药物使用的注意事项(2.2±0.9)分,物理降温的方法(2.1±0.6)分。结论医务人员在关注小儿发热的同时,应加强对家长进行相关知识的宣教,使他们能用科学的方法协同医生治疗。

孕产期健康教育对母婴健康的影响

目的通过对孕产期健康教育的对照研究,了解健康教育对母婴健康状况的影响,达到提高母婴健康的目的。方法随机选取孕产妇293例实施系统的健康教育作为实验组,同期住院而未进行健康教育的127例孕产妇作对照组。就健康状况及妊娠结局等方面进行效果评价。结果实验组高危妊娠发病率为24.23%,低于对照组的35.43%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.56,p<0.05);实验组妊娠晚期贫血的发生率为24.91%,明显低于对照组的38.58%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.03,p<0.01);实验组顺产率为52.56%,明显高于对照组的30.71%,实验组剖宫产率为47.44%,明显低于对照组的69.29%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.03,p<0.01);实验组纯母乳喂养率为89.80%,明显高于对照组的59.47%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.16,p<0.01)。结论孕产期健康教育对提高孕产妇自我保健意识和能力,保障母婴健康等方面有重要意义。