怎样才能在有形的音乐文本中揭示出无形的思想内涵是许多专家学者所不断探索的课题。劳伦斯·克雷默所著《Music as clutural practice》便是西方对这一课题研究的重要成果之一。在书中,他以后结构主义与语言学派为理论基石,提出了...怎样才能在有形的音乐文本中揭示出无形的思想内涵是许多专家学者所不断探索的课题。劳伦斯·克雷默所著《Music as clutural practice》便是西方对这一课题研究的重要成果之一。在书中,他以后结构主义与语言学派为理论基石,提出了“打开释义学之窗”,“追寻其历史文化原因”的“两步走”释义学分析方式。并由此实现了从有意识到无意识,从普遍到异常等多种音乐释义的视角转换。为我们揭开音乐作品的意义之谜提供了一些可资借鉴的方法。展开更多
超声波检测方法在电力设备绝缘状态检测定位中应用广泛。针对局部放电超声测向MUSIC算法存在的采样率要求高、计算复杂度大等不足,提出基于定向超声阵列信号强度信息的定向多重信号分类(directional multiple signal classification,Dir...超声波检测方法在电力设备绝缘状态检测定位中应用广泛。针对局部放电超声测向MUSIC算法存在的采样率要求高、计算复杂度大等不足,提出基于定向超声阵列信号强度信息的定向多重信号分类(directional multiple signal classification,Dir-MUSIC)算法。在阐述该算法理论模型和应用条件基础上,针对均匀圆盘超声阵列,仿真研究了不同增益方向图主瓣宽度、不同信噪比条件下Dir-MUSIC算法的测向精度。仿真结果表明8阵元阵列在-5 dB信噪比、方向图主瓣宽度为90°~120°时测向精度最高,均方根误差小于2°。最后基于研制的微型机电系统麦克风(microelectro-mechanical system,MEMS)定向超声阵列进行了测向试验,结果表明8阵元圆盘超声阵列测向均方根误差最小为2.76°,测向标准差最小为2.72°,验证了Dir-MUSIC算法的有效性与准确性。展开更多
针对传统超声波测风装置测风精度不高、抗噪声能力弱,提出了一种改进多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法的超声波测风方法。采用一种弧形6阵元超声波传感器阵列的测风结构,推导其阵列流型;在此基础上,添加小波阈...针对传统超声波测风装置测风精度不高、抗噪声能力弱,提出了一种改进多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法的超声波测风方法。采用一种弧形6阵元超声波传感器阵列的测风结构,推导其阵列流型;在此基础上,添加小波阈值降噪算法提高信号信噪比,降低噪声信号协方差矩阵的秩;再使用PHAT加权广义互相关时延估计算法以提高时延估计的准确性,同时根据时延关系对传统MUSIC算法矢量矩阵进行改进;最后通过MUSIC算法实现对风速风向的测量。理论分析与仿真结果表明:改进后的MUSIC算法具有较好的抗噪性能和较高的风参数测量精度,测量风速绝对误差达到0.15 m/s,风向绝对误差达到2°,可以应用于对风参数要求较高的场景。展开更多
Introduction: Music therapy is a practice for helping and supporting people with intellectual and relational difficulties. This study illustrated the benefits of music therapy for young people living with intellectual...Introduction: Music therapy is a practice for helping and supporting people with intellectual and relational difficulties. This study illustrated the benefits of music therapy for young people living with intellectual disabilities (YLID) in an African context. Methodology: This study investigated six young individuals with intellectual disabilities who had undergone three years of music therapy. They were participants in the inclusive non-academic training program at the National School of Arts in Dakar from 2017 to 2019. Data collection utilized individual interviews with the youths, evaluation grids from teachers and psychiatrists. Guardians provided informed consent along with the assent of the young participants. Results: The six young were aged between 18 and 30 years old, with an average age of 24.6 years. Four of the YLID were male. Three young people with intellectual disabilities had delayed psychomotor development. Observations revealed the beneficial influence of music therapy on the health and well-being of young individuals. Music played a role in alleviating stress and anxiety among youth with intellectual disabilities (YLID), enhancing their mood and mental health. It assisted in navigating challenging situations and heightened alertness among YLID. Additionally, music therapy contributed to improvements in dyslexia, fine and gross motor skills, and memory development among intellectually disabled youth, ultimately facilitating their integration into society. Conclusion: In light of our results, music therapy makes a major contribution to the empowerment of YLID. Engaging in musical activities helps young people connect with others through instrumental expression and a sense of accomplishment. By facilitating music therapy, it becomes possible to combat discrimination and stigmatization, thus promoting the social inclusion of intellectually disabled youth. Therefore, it is important to promote music therapy in Senegal to meet the needs of YLID.展开更多
Background: Dementia is a condition with progressive cognitive dysfunction and manifestation of both behavioral and psychosocial symptoms. Non-pharmacological measures such as music therapy are gaining importance sinc...Background: Dementia is a condition with progressive cognitive dysfunction and manifestation of both behavioral and psychosocial symptoms. Non-pharmacological measures such as music therapy are gaining importance since efficacy and safety of people with dementia have been questionable for pharmacological measures. Patient’s response to music is persistent even in the later stage of dementia. Aim: This rapid review aims to identify, analyze, evaluate, and summarize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of music-based therapeutic interventions among people with dementia. Method: CINAHL Cochrane Library, internet websites of rapid review producers, and reference lists were searched to identify articles for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened the literature search results. Effectiveness, music-based therapeutic intervention, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, systematic review and systematic review with meta-analysis terms were used to abstract data from included studies. Main Findings: 11 SRs and SRs with meta-analysis were reviewed which revealed positive effect of music therapy on five major outcomes with 9 studies effect on behavioral outcome, 6 studies with positive effect on psychosocial outcome reducing anxiety, 6 with improved cognition, 1 study revealed with improved quality of life and 1 study revealed effect on physiological outcomes. Conclusion: Music therapy has positive effect on treatment of dementia but further studies with larger sample size and specified to single intervention should be conducted to provide generalisable and precise results on this topic.展开更多
Non-pharmacological interventions for improved home care of persons with dementia and their family caregiver are and will be increasingly important for society. A music intervention study was performed on persons with...Non-pharmacological interventions for improved home care of persons with dementia and their family caregiver are and will be increasingly important for society. A music intervention study was performed on persons with persons with dementia and family caregiver. The persons with dementia and family caregiver were instructed to choose a daily routine for joint listening to recorded music. They selected the music they were interested in from a menu. The intervention period lasted for two months. Both persons with dementia and family caregiver provided daily saliva samples for the assessment of stress-related steroid hormones. In previous reports we have reported that the morning cortisol levels decreased significantly among the family caregiver when the intervention group was compared to a control group. In the present study we report narratives from four dyads, two of whom with beneficial effects of the music intervention, one dyad with no clear beneficial effects and one dyad with mixed results. The narratives illustrate the strong cohesive effect that the joint music listening could have, leading to improved social functioning paralleled by decreased morning cortisol levels particularly in the family caregiver. The narratives also illustrate reasons for failed effects.展开更多
针对相干信号波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计,提出了一种改进的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法。首先,利用信号协方差矩阵的两个最大特征值所对应的特征向量,构造出两个Toeplitz矩阵;然后,利用前后...针对相干信号波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计,提出了一种改进的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法。首先,利用信号协方差矩阵的两个最大特征值所对应的特征向量,构造出两个Toeplitz矩阵;然后,利用前后向空间平滑思想得到这两个矩阵的无偏估计并求和;最后,利用MUSIC算法从中估计出相干信号DOA。和已有方法相比,该方法无需损失阵列孔径且具有更优的DOA估计性能。展开更多
为解决通道不一致性对传统极化敏感阵列长矢量模型的测向精度影响及传统长矢量多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法实时性不高的问题,本文在传统极化敏感测向系统基础上,在阵列中心增加一个标量平面螺旋天线,利用...为解决通道不一致性对传统极化敏感阵列长矢量模型的测向精度影响及传统长矢量多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法实时性不高的问题,本文在传统极化敏感测向系统基础上,在阵列中心增加一个标量平面螺旋天线,利用其天线方向图的增益稳定性,作为内部源对其他矢量通道不一致性进行实时校正;然后将结合标量圆阵和快速傅里叶变换(fastFouriertransform,FFT)的快速MUSIC算法推广到矢量阵列,提出降维快速极化MUSIC算法.仿真结果验证了此误差校正方法的有效性,且快速算法在保证测角精度前提下有效提高了算法实时性.本文为极化敏感阵列测向提供了一种误差校正方法及一种快速实用的测向算法.展开更多
针对传统波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计方法通过空间平滑对相干信号进行处理损失阵列孔径的问题,文章提出了一种基于协方差矩阵托普利兹(Toeplitz)矩阵重构的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法的波达...针对传统波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计方法通过空间平滑对相干信号进行处理损失阵列孔径的问题,文章提出了一种基于协方差矩阵托普利兹(Toeplitz)矩阵重构的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法的波达方位估计方法。该方法首先根据阵列接收数据的协方差矩阵及其翻转矩阵来构造新协方差矩阵,并利用新协方差矩阵构造Toeplitz矩阵,然后对其进行特征值分解,得到Toeplitz矩阵的噪声子空间,利用噪声子空间求出信号空间谱,通过谱峰搜索估计入射信号的方位角。文中方法拓展了阵列孔径,增加了可估计相干信号的数量,提升了方位估计的性能,提高了阵列的空间分辨率。仿真和湖上实验数据处理结果表明,文中方法可估计出更多的相干信号,而且在低信噪比、少快拍以及信号入射角度间隔较小时仍然具有良好的方位估计性能。展开更多
文摘怎样才能在有形的音乐文本中揭示出无形的思想内涵是许多专家学者所不断探索的课题。劳伦斯·克雷默所著《Music as clutural practice》便是西方对这一课题研究的重要成果之一。在书中,他以后结构主义与语言学派为理论基石,提出了“打开释义学之窗”,“追寻其历史文化原因”的“两步走”释义学分析方式。并由此实现了从有意识到无意识,从普遍到异常等多种音乐释义的视角转换。为我们揭开音乐作品的意义之谜提供了一些可资借鉴的方法。
文摘针对传统超声波测风装置测风精度不高、抗噪声能力弱,提出了一种改进多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法的超声波测风方法。采用一种弧形6阵元超声波传感器阵列的测风结构,推导其阵列流型;在此基础上,添加小波阈值降噪算法提高信号信噪比,降低噪声信号协方差矩阵的秩;再使用PHAT加权广义互相关时延估计算法以提高时延估计的准确性,同时根据时延关系对传统MUSIC算法矢量矩阵进行改进;最后通过MUSIC算法实现对风速风向的测量。理论分析与仿真结果表明:改进后的MUSIC算法具有较好的抗噪性能和较高的风参数测量精度,测量风速绝对误差达到0.15 m/s,风向绝对误差达到2°,可以应用于对风参数要求较高的场景。
文摘Introduction: Music therapy is a practice for helping and supporting people with intellectual and relational difficulties. This study illustrated the benefits of music therapy for young people living with intellectual disabilities (YLID) in an African context. Methodology: This study investigated six young individuals with intellectual disabilities who had undergone three years of music therapy. They were participants in the inclusive non-academic training program at the National School of Arts in Dakar from 2017 to 2019. Data collection utilized individual interviews with the youths, evaluation grids from teachers and psychiatrists. Guardians provided informed consent along with the assent of the young participants. Results: The six young were aged between 18 and 30 years old, with an average age of 24.6 years. Four of the YLID were male. Three young people with intellectual disabilities had delayed psychomotor development. Observations revealed the beneficial influence of music therapy on the health and well-being of young individuals. Music played a role in alleviating stress and anxiety among youth with intellectual disabilities (YLID), enhancing their mood and mental health. It assisted in navigating challenging situations and heightened alertness among YLID. Additionally, music therapy contributed to improvements in dyslexia, fine and gross motor skills, and memory development among intellectually disabled youth, ultimately facilitating their integration into society. Conclusion: In light of our results, music therapy makes a major contribution to the empowerment of YLID. Engaging in musical activities helps young people connect with others through instrumental expression and a sense of accomplishment. By facilitating music therapy, it becomes possible to combat discrimination and stigmatization, thus promoting the social inclusion of intellectually disabled youth. Therefore, it is important to promote music therapy in Senegal to meet the needs of YLID.
文摘Background: Dementia is a condition with progressive cognitive dysfunction and manifestation of both behavioral and psychosocial symptoms. Non-pharmacological measures such as music therapy are gaining importance since efficacy and safety of people with dementia have been questionable for pharmacological measures. Patient’s response to music is persistent even in the later stage of dementia. Aim: This rapid review aims to identify, analyze, evaluate, and summarize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of music-based therapeutic interventions among people with dementia. Method: CINAHL Cochrane Library, internet websites of rapid review producers, and reference lists were searched to identify articles for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened the literature search results. Effectiveness, music-based therapeutic intervention, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, systematic review and systematic review with meta-analysis terms were used to abstract data from included studies. Main Findings: 11 SRs and SRs with meta-analysis were reviewed which revealed positive effect of music therapy on five major outcomes with 9 studies effect on behavioral outcome, 6 studies with positive effect on psychosocial outcome reducing anxiety, 6 with improved cognition, 1 study revealed with improved quality of life and 1 study revealed effect on physiological outcomes. Conclusion: Music therapy has positive effect on treatment of dementia but further studies with larger sample size and specified to single intervention should be conducted to provide generalisable and precise results on this topic.
文摘Non-pharmacological interventions for improved home care of persons with dementia and their family caregiver are and will be increasingly important for society. A music intervention study was performed on persons with persons with dementia and family caregiver. The persons with dementia and family caregiver were instructed to choose a daily routine for joint listening to recorded music. They selected the music they were interested in from a menu. The intervention period lasted for two months. Both persons with dementia and family caregiver provided daily saliva samples for the assessment of stress-related steroid hormones. In previous reports we have reported that the morning cortisol levels decreased significantly among the family caregiver when the intervention group was compared to a control group. In the present study we report narratives from four dyads, two of whom with beneficial effects of the music intervention, one dyad with no clear beneficial effects and one dyad with mixed results. The narratives illustrate the strong cohesive effect that the joint music listening could have, leading to improved social functioning paralleled by decreased morning cortisol levels particularly in the family caregiver. The narratives also illustrate reasons for failed effects.
文摘针对相干信号波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计,提出了一种改进的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法。首先,利用信号协方差矩阵的两个最大特征值所对应的特征向量,构造出两个Toeplitz矩阵;然后,利用前后向空间平滑思想得到这两个矩阵的无偏估计并求和;最后,利用MUSIC算法从中估计出相干信号DOA。和已有方法相比,该方法无需损失阵列孔径且具有更优的DOA估计性能。
文摘为解决通道不一致性对传统极化敏感阵列长矢量模型的测向精度影响及传统长矢量多重信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法实时性不高的问题,本文在传统极化敏感测向系统基础上,在阵列中心增加一个标量平面螺旋天线,利用其天线方向图的增益稳定性,作为内部源对其他矢量通道不一致性进行实时校正;然后将结合标量圆阵和快速傅里叶变换(fastFouriertransform,FFT)的快速MUSIC算法推广到矢量阵列,提出降维快速极化MUSIC算法.仿真结果验证了此误差校正方法的有效性,且快速算法在保证测角精度前提下有效提高了算法实时性.本文为极化敏感阵列测向提供了一种误差校正方法及一种快速实用的测向算法.
文摘针对传统波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计方法通过空间平滑对相干信号进行处理损失阵列孔径的问题,文章提出了一种基于协方差矩阵托普利兹(Toeplitz)矩阵重构的多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)算法的波达方位估计方法。该方法首先根据阵列接收数据的协方差矩阵及其翻转矩阵来构造新协方差矩阵,并利用新协方差矩阵构造Toeplitz矩阵,然后对其进行特征值分解,得到Toeplitz矩阵的噪声子空间,利用噪声子空间求出信号空间谱,通过谱峰搜索估计入射信号的方位角。文中方法拓展了阵列孔径,增加了可估计相干信号的数量,提升了方位估计的性能,提高了阵列的空间分辨率。仿真和湖上实验数据处理结果表明,文中方法可估计出更多的相干信号,而且在低信噪比、少快拍以及信号入射角度间隔较小时仍然具有良好的方位估计性能。