EFFECTS OF JIANG TANG FANG LONG FORMULA ON INSULIN PRODUCTION AND FUNCTION IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF DIABETIC HEARING LOSS

Objective To study the influence of Jiang Tang Fang Long formula on insulin production and function in an animal model of diabetic hearing loss. Methods Wistar rats (n=60) were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 in each) to receive no treatment (the normal control, Group A), or to receive intra-peritoneal 55 mg/kg streptozotocin with (Groups C, D and E) or without (Group B) subsequent Jiang Tang Fang Long formula treatment at various doses or Yu Long Wan treatment (Group F). After 60 days, fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight (BW) and fasting insulin (FINS) were recorded and the HOMA-IR and HOMA-βcalcu-lated. Insulin expression in pancreatic tissues was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results Compared with animals that received streptozotocin without rescue treatment (Group B), animals that received higher doses of Jiang Tang Fang Long formula(Groups D and E) showed improved indices of diabetes manifestation (P<0.05) and improved HOMA-β(P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, as well as improved insulin expression in pancreatic islets (P<0.05). The difference between low dose Jiang Tang Fang Long formula treatment (Group C) and Group B was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that Jiang Tang Fang Long formula may improve pancreatic β-cells function which may explain its efficacy in treating diabetic hearing loss.

Mufangji tang ameliorates pulmonary arterial hypertension through improving vascular remodeling,inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress,and inducing apoptosis

Background:Mufangji tang(MFJT)is composed of Ramulus Cinnamomi,Radix Ginseng,Cocculus orbiculatus(Linn.)DC.,and Gypsum.In clinical settings,MFJT has been effectively employed in addressing a range of respiratory disorders,notably including pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).However,the mechanism of action of MFJT on PAH remains unknown.Methods:In this study,a monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model was established and treated with MFJT.The therapeutic effects of MFJT on PAH rat model were evaluated.Network pharmacology was conducted to screen the possible targets for MFJT on PAH,and the molecular docking between the main active components and the core targets was carried out.The key targets identified from network pharmacology were tested.Results:Results showed significant therapeutic effects of MFJT on PAH rat model.Analysis of network pharmacology revealed several potential targets related to apoptosis,inflammation,oxidative stress,and vascular remodeling.Molecular docking showed that the key components were well docked with the core targets.Further experimental validation results that MFJT treatment induced apoptosis(downregulated Bcl-2 levels and upregulated Bax levels in lung tissue),inhibited inflammatory response and oxdative stress(decreased the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,inducible NOS,and malondialdehyde,and increased the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase,nitric oxide,glutathione and superoxide dismutase),reduced the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells(downregulated ET-1 andβ-catenin levels and ERK1/2 phosphorylation,increased GSK3βlevels).Conclusion:Our study revealed MFJT treatment could alleviate PAH in rats via induction of apoptosis,inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress,and the prevention of vascular remodeling.

Therapeutic effect of San Bi Tang combined with glucosamine sulfate capsules in cold-dampness-type knee osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND Cold-dampness-type knee osteoarthritis is a common middle-aged and elderly disease,but its pathogenesis is not fully understood,and its clinical treatment has limitations.Glucosamine sulfate capsules are commonly used for treating arthritis,and San Bi Tang is a classic formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)that has the effects of warming yang,dispelling dampness,relaxing muscles,and activating collaterals.This research hypothesized that the combination of modified San Bi Tang and glucosamine sulfate capsules could enhance the clinical efficacy of treating cold-dampness-type knee osteoarthritis through complementary effects.AIM To analyze the clinical efficacy of San Bi Tang combined with glucosamine sulfate capsules when treating cold-dampness-type knee osteoarthritis.METHODS A total of 110 patients with cold-dampness-type knee osteoarthritis were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group of 55 cases each.The control group received only treatment with glucosamine sulfate capsules,while the experimental group received additional treatment with modified San Bi Tang for a duration of 5 wk.The patients’knee joint functions,liver and kidney function indicators,adverse reactions,and vital signs were evaluated and analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.RESULTS Before treatment,the two groups’genders,ages,and scores were not significantly different,indicating comparability.Both groups’scores improved after treatment,which could indicate pain and knee joint function improvement,but the test group had better scores.The TCM-specific symptoms and the clinical efficacy of the treatment in the test group were higher.Before and after treatment,there were no abnormalities in the patients’liver and kidney function indicators.CONCLUSION The combination of modified San Bi Tang and glucosamine sulfate capsules is superior to treatment with sulfated glucosamine alone and has high safety.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Tao Hong Si Wu Tang in mice with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND Lung cancer(LC)combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a common combination of comorbidities.Anti-inflammation and modulation of oxidative/antioxidative imbalance may prevent COPD-induced LC,and are also crucial to the treatment of LC combined with COPD.Modern studies have shown that Tao Hong Si Wu Tang(THSW)has vasodilatory,anti-inflammatory,anti-fatigue,anti-shock,immunoregulatory,lipid-reducing,micronutrient-supplementing,and anti-allergy effects.AIM To observe the effects of THSW on COPD and LC in mice.METHODS A total of 100 specific pathogen-free C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into five groups:Blank control group(group A),model control group(group B),THSW group(group C),IL-6 group(group D),and THSW+IL-6 group(group E),with 20 mice in each group.A COPD mouse model was established using fumigation plus lipopolysaccharide intra-airway drip,and an LC model was replicated by in situ inoculation using the Lewis cell method.RESULTS The blank control group exhibited a clear alveolar structure.The model control and IL-6 groups had thickened alveolar walls,with smaller alveolar lumens,interstitial edema,and several inflammatory infiltrating cells.Histopathological changes in the lungs of the THSW and THSW+IL-6 groups were less than those of the model control group.The serum IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels and IL-6R,JAK,p-JAK,STAT1/3,p-STAT1/3,FOXO,p-FOXO,and IL-7R expression levels in lung tissues of mice in the rest of the groups were significantly higher than those of the blank control group(P<0.01).Compared with the model control group,the IL-6 group demonstrated significantly higher levels for the abovementioned proteins in the serum and lung tissues(P<0.01),and the THSW group had significantly higher serum IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels and IL-7R expression levels in lung tissues(P<0.01)but significantly decreased IL-6R,JAK,p-JAK,STAT1/3,p-STAT1/3,FOXO,p-FOXO,and IL-7R levels(P<0.01).CONCLUSION THSW reduces the serum IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels in the mouse model with anti-inflammatory effects.Its antiinflammatory mechanism lies in inhibiting the overactivation of the JAK/STAT1/3 signaling pathway.

Gaze and Oppositional Gaze in Mr. Tang’s Girls

The gaze is a means of power that can flow through family relationships.It has intense regulatory overtones.In her short story Mr.Tang’s Girls,Malaysian-Chinese Anglophone diasporic writer Shirley Geok-lin Lim shows the conflict between Eastern and Western cultures and the resistance of women under the oppression of patriarchy through the portrayal of the father,Ah Kong,and the eldest daughter,Kim Li.Based on Foucault’s discipline gaze and Hooks’oppositional gaze,this article analyzes the power operation in the story from the following three aspects:the male gaze,discipline and self-discipline,and the oppositional gaze.Kim Li’s subjective image of breaking free from male ownership control has been presented.It suggests the difficulties encountered by female groups in their rebellion against the male gaze and their pursuit of freedom and emancipation.It also reflects the tragedy of awakening women’s destinies under the dual oppression of patriarchy and the East-Westen cultural conflict.

改良M-Tang法阶梯式缝合技术在Ⅱ区指深屈肌腱修复中的应用

目的:分析改良M-Tang法阶梯式缝合在Ⅱ区指深屈肌腱修复手术中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月-2023年12月笔者医院收治的178例(共220个伤指)Ⅱ区指深屈肌腱损伤患者,按随机数字表法将伤指分为对照组(n=110)与观察组(n=110)。对照组采用津下缝合技术,观察组采用改良M-Tang法阶梯式缝合技术。统计比较两组手术时间、住院时间、患者满意度及术后1个月的手指主动关节活动度和手功能障碍评分。结果:观察组手术时间短于对照组(P<0.05),两组住院时间及患者满意度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组总主动关节活动度优良率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组近侧及远侧指间关节活动度优于对照组(P<0.05),两组掌指关节活动度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手功能障碍程度评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:改良M-Tang法阶梯式缝合技术在Ⅱ区指深屈肌腱修复中效果良好,能够改善手指主动活动范围与手功能,值得推广应用。

唐前期监察考课制度安排与护民政策考量

唐朝前期,通过皇帝颁诏、均田制、户婚律等立法制度规制,唐王朝确立实施了保护广大均田农户农民的劝农务本国家政策,以根本上维护王朝国家政权统治。为了切实落实这一国策,唐王朝还对京司及地方诸官司施政履职和官吏政绩制定了四项监察考课制度,具体有朝廷御史台监察制度、分道遣使巡察制度、州司对县司和县司内部监察考课制度、尚书省吏部总负责功过行能考课制度。这四项监察考课制度以律令诏敕等作出规制安排,各有侧重,相互配合,通过纠弹施政违法和黜陟官吏,根本目的也是维护国家政权统治,但其中包含着保护广大均田农户农民的明确政策考量,在实际上有益于农户农民,应当予以肯定。当然,由于唐朝帝制封建等级性阶级社会本质使然,也不能过高评价其实际益处。

汉唐帝陵文化遗产融入GIS专业教学研究与实践

在数字孪生时代,面对数字文化遗产领域的人才需求缺口,该文以咸阳师范学院地理信息科学专业人才培养为例,借助汉唐帝陵这一历史文化遗产资源,依托科研平台,整合优势资源,拓展科研教学链条。以交叉学科为切入点,构建复合型人才培养模式。实践证明,自2018年起,GIS专业教师充分发挥区位优势,深入挖掘并弘扬汉唐帝陵文化遗产,致力于培养文化遗产数字化复合型人才,形成了鲜明的专业特色。相关经验可为地方高校同类专业建设提供有益参考。

M-Tang法肌腱缝合技术的生物力学研究及其在Ⅱ区屈肌腱修复中的应用

目的报道一种新的肌腱缝合方法 M-Tang法的生物力学特性及临床应用结果。方法本研究采用36根猪后足屈肌腱作为实验材料,在相当于Ⅱ区水平造成切割伤后,18根用Tang法、18根用M-Tang法进行修复。将修复后的肌腱分别进行直线和90°成角状态下的拉伸,用Instron力学测定仪测定2 mm间隙形成负荷及断裂负荷。M-Tang法用于临床修复Ⅱ区屈肌腱65例共96指,术后均采用保护性主、被动活动相结合的锻炼计划。采用Strickland标准进行功能评价。结果在直线拉伸模式下,M-Tang法的2 mm间隙形成负荷为(46.2±5.2)N,断裂负荷为(61.9±6.0)N,与Tang法相近;在90°成角拉伸模式下,M-Tang法的2 mm间隙形成负荷为(35.9±3.6)N,与Tang法相近,断裂负荷为(57.0±4.5)N,高于Tang法。65例患者术后平均随访26个月,临床运用M-Tang法修复的Ⅱ区屈肌腱无1例发生断裂,根据Strickland TAM标准,其中优78指,良10指,可8指,优良率91.6%。结论 M-Tang法具备Tang法的生物力学强度,操作简便,使用缝线和外露线结少,能满足肌腱早期保护性主动活动的需要,是Ⅱ区屈肌腱修复的优选方法之一。

基于TANG模型的西安国际旅游成长实证分析

文章运用旅游地非线性成长模型(TANG模型)对50年来西安国际旅游成长进行实证分析。分析指出,西安国际旅游第一周期为新中国成立至改革开放前阶段,规模极小,受政府制度、资源与产品创新、大规模突发事件影响极大;从客流量与旅游收入两个指标体系入手,讨论1978年以来的第二、第三周期,通过模拟方程、成长曲线及相关特征值实现了不同周期、不同指标的横向与纵向比较,同时在与统计值进行对比的过程中,清晰地反映出异常波动情况,判断波动原因,对旅游地成长过程有了更为清晰的认识。

渤海国发展时期朝唐制度述论

在渤海国发展时期的八十余年间(737—818年),渤海国确立了朝唐制度,该制度由常使制度和泛使制度两部分构成,在制度层面稳固了唐朝与渤海国的君臣关系。在唐朝爆发安史之乱,以及渤海国出现权力之争期间,渤海国朝唐活动出现波折,后经过二十余年的调整和发展,其朝唐活动进入稳定期,这期间朝唐制度发挥了重要作用。随着渤海政权建设的发展,朝唐制度也日臻完善。

论唐五代词学批评的多维建构及其文学史意义

唐五代“诗客”建构起来的词学批评是历代学者较少关注的论题。作为古典词学批评的发端,唐五代词学批评脱胎于诗学批评而有自身的特色。首先,就本事批评而言,呈现出由“诗缘事”到“词即事”的转变。其次,就词乐而言,唐五代词遵循“审调以节唱”的同时,有着“声依永”和“永依声”的开放的词乐观。再次,就审美而言,唐五代词学有着重清越、尚高扬的审美理想。最后,唐五代的词体功能是娱宾遣兴,但亦不乏政治教化之用。这些批评观点和思想虽具有不确定性和形而上性,却反映了词学思想的原初面貌和初级形态的理论倡导,对后世词学有不可忽视的奠基和推动作用,在文学史上亦具有承前启后的意义。

建鲤(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)微卫星DNA亲权鉴定

利用16个微卫星座位对建鲤10个全同胞家系647个子代进行亲权鉴定。Cervus3.0分析表明,16个微卫星位点的平均多态信息含量为0.7025,平均等位基因数为6.63,期望杂合度平均为0.7405。当双亲未知时,累积排除概率为0.999225,已知单亲时的累积排除概率为0.999996,置信度为95%。进一步模拟分析表明,要达到亲权鉴定的要求在双亲未知时通常需要8～12个微卫星位点,已知单亲时需要5～8个微卫星位点。在双亲均未知的情况下进行亲权鉴定,94.6%的后裔找到了其父母本,真实鉴定率低于模拟分析预测值,分析可能是与候选亲本间存在亲缘关系、无效等位基因的存在以及分型错误等因素有关。9个建鲤全同胞家系的鉴定,为今后的遗传图谱构建、QTL定位及分子标记辅助育种研究奠定了基础。

晚唐蜀才子李远诗校补--以《夹注名贤十抄诗》为中心

邻国高丽朝文士编选《十抄诗》,收录晚唐蜀才子李远十首七律。其中六首为久佚之诗,包括为说唱文艺留下宝贵资料的《转变人》。其后,该国僧人子山旁征博引中土文献加以注释,遂以《夹注名贤十抄诗》之名传世。注文虽保存了同为散佚之书《十道志》《三秦记》中的吉光片羽,但诸多瑕疵引来后人旳讥评:“字颇舛错”“注多鱼鲁”。而今我们不揣浅陋,依据名物制度变化、历史地理因革、语言文字发展等因素综合考量,逐一给出是非优劣之按断。

油酸诱导建鲤(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)肝细胞脂肪变性模型的建立

通过对油酸诱导时间及有效作用浓度的研究,建立油酸致建鲤肝细胞脂肪变性模型。本研究以胰蛋白酶消化法获得的原代肝细胞作为实验材料,加入不同浓度油酸(0、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8 mmol/L)与肝细胞共培养24–48 h,诱导肝细胞脂肪变性,分别收集不同时段的肝细胞及上清液,采用试剂盒测定肝细胞中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)的含量,同时测定上清培养液中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,MTT法测定肝细胞的存活情况,确定油酸最佳诱导浓度,油红O染色法观察细胞内脂肪滴的形成情况。研究结果显示,0.4 mmol/L油酸与肝细胞共培养48 h,可以显著提高肝细胞内TG、TC含量(P﹤0.05或P﹤0.01),极显著提高上清培养液中GOT、GPT、LDH、γ-GT的活性,显著降低上清培养液中SOD的活性,但与24 h相比有升高趋势,0.4 mmol/L油酸与肝细胞共培养24 h,光镜下可见细胞内有脂肪滴形成,以48 h最明显。综上所述,油酸浓度0.4 mmol/L、诱导时间48 h成功构建了肝细胞脂肪变性模型,为研究鱼类脂肪肝类疾病奠定了基础。

周期性饥饿再投喂对建鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian)生长、体组成、消化酶的影响

采用周期性饥饿再投喂的方法,研究周期性饥饿再投喂对建鲤(1.5±0.2g)的生长、体组成、消化酶的影响。试验分为10个组,共进行60d。结果表明,在相同的饥饿天数下,延长再投喂天数可以使建鲤的增重率逐渐增加,而且S1F4、S2F8、S4F16组的增重率与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05),9个周期性饥饿再投喂组在摄食期间的摄食率和特定生长率均显著性高于对照组(P<0.05),而且饵料系数均低于对照组,说明本试验建鲤的补偿生长是通过提高摄食率和饵料利用率共同实现的;周期性饥饿再投喂对全鱼水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分影响差异不显著(P>0.05),但9个周期性饥饿再投喂组的全鱼粗脂肪含量均低于对照组,而且在相同的饥饿天数下,随着再投喂天数的延长而升高;9个周期性饥饿再投喂组的肠道消化酶(蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶)活力均高于对照组。

裂壶藻对津新鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian)生长、血液非特异性免疫指标及抗病力的影响

选用初始体重为(26.77±1.56)g的津新鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian)540尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,分别投喂含0、0.40%、0.80%、1.20%、1.60%和2.00%裂壶藻的等氮等能饲料,饲养56 d,探讨饲料中不同水平的裂壶藻对津新鲤生长、血液非特异性免疫指标及抗病力的影响。结果显示,在0.80%裂壶藻水平组中,增重率和特定生长率均显著提高(P<0.05),肥满度则在1.20%水平组中达到最大值(P<0.05),各组间成活率差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同水平的裂壶藻均可以显著提高津新鲤的抗氧化能力,其中过氧化氢酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽的含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,且分别在1.20%、0.80%和1.20%组中达到最高(P<0.05);而丙二醛含量呈先下降后上升的趋势,在0.80%组中达最低(P<0.05)。不同水平的裂壶藻均可以显著提高津新鲤的非特异性免疫力,溶菌酶呈先上升后下降的趋势,其中1.20%组活性最高(P<0.05)。一氧化氮含量随裂壶藻水平增加而增加,各添加组含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶在0.80%组中达到最小值(P<0.05)。随着裂壶藻水平的增加,津新鲤血细胞呼吸爆发活性和免疫保护率得到显著提高,感染嗜水气单胞菌后的累计死亡率则显著降低(P<0.05),其中,以0.80%组最佳。综合生长、血液非特异性免疫指标和抗病力来分析,饲料中裂壶藻的适宜添加水平为0.80%–1.20%。

Garden Features in Tang Dynasty and Urban Planning and Construction of Xi'an City

By taking gardens in Tang Dynasty which play an important historical role in Chinese garden development history as case study,garden features in Tang Dynasty had been described from the aspects of cultural,ecological and planning characteristics,so as to explore the development trace of Tang garden culture,based on which relevant problems in urban planning and construction of Xi'an were discussed;and some countermeasures and suggestions on cultural,ecological and planning construction in the preservation of this ancient city were put forward.

基于光谱技术的建窑宋代黑釉瓷物化组成及制备工艺研究

建窑,位于今福建省南平市,是宋时烧造黑釉茶盏的著名窑场之一。建窑创烧于晚唐五代,历经宋、元、明、清代,烧瓷历史近千年。建窑黑釉瓷品种丰富,釉色多变,主要为黑釉、兔毫釉和柿红釉色居多。建窑黑釉瓷在中国陶瓷历史上占据重要地位,并深刻影响了亚洲陶瓷历史,尤其是日本陶瓷。对于建窑黑釉瓷的科学研究,国内外学者主要致力于分析建盏胎釉的化学组成、微观结构,揭示建窑釉瓷的成瓷机理及制备工艺。然而,作为建窑黑釉瓷的代表品种,黑釉、兔毫釉和柿红釉,三者的原料组成、制备工艺及呈色机理的异同仍然不明晰。因此,采用超景深光学显微镜(OM)、X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、显微共聚焦拉曼光谱仪(μ-RS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和分光光度计等多种光谱技术,通过对建窑大路后门和芦花坪窑址出土的宋代黑釉、兔毫釉以及柿红釉的微观形貌、化学组成、物相组成以及釉外观呈色进行比较研究,解析黑釉、兔毫釉和柿红釉在原料组成、烧成工艺及呈色机理方面的异同。结果表明:黑釉、兔毫与柿红釉瓷胎中大部分主量元素含量无明显差异。三者着色元素均为Fe_(2)O_(3),黑釉与兔毫釉的Fe_(2)O_(3)含量接近(6.0~7.0 wt%),而柿红釉铁含量最高(~10.5 wt%)。较高的Fe_(2)O_(3)含量使得柿红釉面呈现红棕色。在所有样品的断面釉中、兔毫釉表面的毫纹中以及柿红釉面均发现有微米级枝状亚稳相ε-Fe_(2)O_(3)晶体。且ε-Fe_(2)O_(3)晶体的分布与兔毫釉面毫纹分布及柿红整体釉色一致。同时,在兔毫毫纹中及柿红釉面均发现赤铁矿晶体(α-Fe_(2)O_(3))。由此可知,棕色兔毫与柿红釉呈色均来自于ε-Fe_(2)O_(3)与赤铁矿的共同着色。此外,在釉中发现石英、锆英石、铁板钛矿及金红石晶体。而三者胎的化学元素组成相似,物相主要为石英、方石英与莫来石,部分样品中发现少量赤铁矿。采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、显微共聚焦拉曼光谱(μ-RS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、分光光度计等多种光谱技术结合超景深光学显微镜(OM),能够高效精准解析建窑黑釉瓷的微观结构与物相组成,为揭示黑釉、兔毫釉和柿红釉的原料及制备工艺异同提供了理论依据,并为类似古瓷的研究提供了一定的借鉴意义。