The renowned translator Yang Yi passed away in 2023.Many scholars argue that,influenced by their biological gender,female translators often employ translation methods in adherence to feminist translation or reflect ch...The renowned translator Yang Yi passed away in 2023.Many scholars argue that,influenced by their biological gender,female translators often employ translation methods in adherence to feminist translation or reflect characteristics typical of female translators.This study examines the translation of Wuthering Heights by Yang Yi,focusing on whether there is a definite influence of gender on translator behavior.While existing literature primarily analyzes Yang Yi’s work through a feminist lens,this research takes a broader approach.By considering the translator’s social background and translation practice,this paper challenges the assumption that her work strictly aligns with feminist translation theories.Instead,this study emphasizes the importance of considering diverse factors when interpreting translated works,moving beyond a singular gender-based standpoint.展开更多
Utilizing the adopted average topographic density of 2670 kg/m^(3)in the reduction of gravity anomalies introduces errors attributed to topographic density variations,which consequently affect geoid modeling accuracy....Utilizing the adopted average topographic density of 2670 kg/m^(3)in the reduction of gravity anomalies introduces errors attributed to topographic density variations,which consequently affect geoid modeling accuracy.Furthermore,the mean gravity along the plumbline within the topography in the definition of Helmert orthometric heights is computed approximately by applying the Poincar e-Prey gravity reduction where the topographic density variations are disregarded.The Helmert orthometric heights of benchmarks are then affected by errors.These errors could be random or systematic depending on the specific geological setting of the region where the leveling network is physically established and/or the geoid model is determined.An example of systematic errors in orthometric heights can be given for large regions characterized by sediment or volcanic deposits,the density of which is substantially lower than the adopted topographic density used in Helmert's definition of heights.The same applies to geoid modeling errors.In this study,we investigate these errors in the Hong Kong territory,where topographic density is about 20%lower than the density of 2670 kg/m^(3).We use the digital rock density model to estimate the effect of topographic density variations on the geoid and orthometric heights.Our results show that this effect on the geoid and Helmert orthometric heights reach maxima of about 2.1 and 0.5 cm,respectively.Both results provide clear evidence that rock density models are essential in physical geodesy applications involving gravimetric geoid modeling and orthometric height determination despite some criticism that could be raised regarding the reliability of these density models.However,in regions dominated by sedimentary and igneous rocks,the geological information is essential in these applications because topographic densities are substantially lower than the average density of 2670 kg/m^(3),thus introducing large systematic errors in geoid and orthometric heights.展开更多
This paper intends to show Victorian women's ambivalence about their place in the society and their pitiful fate by analysing two women characters--Catherine and Isabella.
Wuthering Heights has been one of the most famous novels in English literature. Emily's writing skills are worth the exploration. She can successfully handle the events out of chronological order; she can master t...Wuthering Heights has been one of the most famous novels in English literature. Emily's writing skills are worth the exploration. She can successfully handle the events out of chronological order; she can master the multiple narrator technique; she can create such repetitions of plots and she can design many meaningful symbols. No wonder why Wuthering Heights is in the a high position in the world literature.展开更多
Though Wuthering Heights has been studied,analyzed and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective,yet it remains unexhausted,which fully expresses that the artistic power of Emily Bronte's works has neve...Though Wuthering Heights has been studied,analyzed and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective,yet it remains unexhausted,which fully expresses that the artistic power of Emily Bronte's works has never disappeared.Wuthering Heights is just a fantastic works.The novel's theme,narrative technique,structure and language are unique.展开更多
There exist discussions about the heroine's love tragedy in Wuthering Heights from time to time.Based on Freud's Id theory as the starting point,it serves as a new viewpoint of review focusing on the conflict ...There exist discussions about the heroine's love tragedy in Wuthering Heights from time to time.Based on Freud's Id theory as the starting point,it serves as a new viewpoint of review focusing on the conflict between“Social Reality”and“Id”in the novel to analyse the causes of Catherine's love tragedy and criticize the devastation of humanity brought by the concept of“money first”and“family hierarchy”in the 19th century capitalist society.展开更多
Nelly in Wuthering Heights is viewed by many critics as a servant who witnesses the love-hatred story of the two generations, an onlooker and narrator who seems calmly detached from the story, a friend-like figure of ...Nelly in Wuthering Heights is viewed by many critics as a servant who witnesses the love-hatred story of the two generations, an onlooker and narrator who seems calmly detached from the story, a friend-like figure of honesty, fidelity and benevolence. However a close reading of the novel reveals that the role of Nelly is more than that. Nelly not only is deeply involved in the story, but also plays the very important role of the representative of the malicious adult, the great villain who contributes much to the development of the story.展开更多
In Wuthering Heights,Heathcliff and Hareton are technically enemies but they share many similarities,such as their growing environment,feeling of inferiority complex,and their intensive persistence in love for their b...In Wuthering Heights,Heathcliff and Hareton are technically enemies but they share many similarities,such as their growing environment,feeling of inferiority complex,and their intensive persistence in love for their beloved.The major difference between them is the attitude towards revenge and tolerance.Depicting the similarity and difference between the two characters that starts with the same fate but ends with completely different consequence,Emily Bronte indicates the karma that avenger will suffer from the evil consequence committed by himself and tolerance is the true virtue.展开更多
Wuthering Heights is a highly imaginative novel of love and revenge and a shining pearl in the treasure of English literature.This thesis aims to make a full exploration of the inner and external reasons resulting in ...Wuthering Heights is a highly imaginative novel of love and revenge and a shining pearl in the treasure of English literature.This thesis aims to make a full exploration of the inner and external reasons resulting in the tragic love between Catherine and Heathcliff in the novel with the application of Freud’s theory of personality structure and from metaphorically geographical,social and economic perspectives as well.Readers are expected to fully realize the destructive force of a desperate soul,better appreciate the tragic beauty of a doomed love and,above all,capture the humane light beneath a tragic drama.展开更多
Since its publication, Wuthering Heights has won great popularity home and abroad for the complexity and delicacy of the narration. However, the story is not true as the unreliability of its narrator is obvious as far...Since its publication, Wuthering Heights has won great popularity home and abroad for the complexity and delicacy of the narration. However, the story is not true as the unreliability of its narrator is obvious as far as it is judged by Rimmon-Kenan's theory of narrative unreliability.展开更多
Heathcliff is a highly controversial character in Emily Bront 's canon Wuthering Heights. He is depicted as an incredi ble conglomeration of enigmas and simplicity, aloofness and affinity, ferocity and vulnerabili...Heathcliff is a highly controversial character in Emily Bront 's canon Wuthering Heights. He is depicted as an incredi ble conglomeration of enigmas and simplicity, aloofness and affinity, ferocity and vulnerability, inhumanity and heroicity, a man who appears more silent and preoccupied than talkative and carefree, inaudible and incalculable in both words and thoughts. The author of this paper considers that there is much left to be read and contemplate on in Heathcliff's silence and thus make a tempa tive research into Heathcliff's silence by discerning its manifestations and probing its causes, in order to resonate with the inner touch of this complicated soul and relate his silence with the spirit that Emily Bront wished to deliver through Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff's silence manifests as muteness, elusion and colloquial or physical violence. In his whole life, Heathcliff inter mittently experiences the self-chosen silence and the forced silence. He chooses to be silence out of self-protection and the infe riority complex; he considers silence as a token of masculinity. And the ruthless force from outside also compels him into a periph eralized situation where he has to keep silent and struggles against the torture and torment alone.展开更多
This paper deals with the analysis of the agony of Catherine, the character in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights. In this paper, the novel will be analyzed from the angle of Catherine's splitting character betw...This paper deals with the analysis of the agony of Catherine, the character in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights. In this paper, the novel will be analyzed from the angle of Catherine's splitting character between her wild nature and her civilized consciousness. The paper will focus on how the split becomes the cause of her contradictions and her agonizing love for the two men — Heathcliff and Edgar. It is contended that Catherine's agony is caused exactly by each of the two sides of her character.展开更多
Emily Bronte has sueeessfully portrayed many eharaeters in the novel’’Wuthering Heights."For more than one handred years,many seholars have beel、studying this author,arguin;their different views of the book,and
Wuthering Heights, a famous western work, is the representative work of Emily Bronte. And it is a very peculiar novel with gloomy and terrible environment, monstrous social life, and protagonist＇ s aberrant personali...Wuthering Heights, a famous western work, is the representative work of Emily Bronte. And it is a very peculiar novel with gloomy and terrible environment, monstrous social life, and protagonist＇ s aberrant personality. There are a series of environmental descriptions in Wuthering Heights, which composes the important parts in this novel. It intends to analyze the artistic charm of environmental description in Wuthering Heights from three aspects： deepening the theme, romantic reflection and Gothic effect. Through the analysis, it may be easier for readers to understand the plots and enjoy its artistic charm.展开更多
This essay investigates the way Emily Bronte manipulates the artistic split between the exterior frame,the hostile naration of Nelly and Lockwood,and the core story of Catherine and Heathcliff.As noticed by the litera...This essay investigates the way Emily Bronte manipulates the artistic split between the exterior frame,the hostile naration of Nelly and Lockwood,and the core story of Catherine and Heathcliff.As noticed by the literary critic,Armold Krupat,while Nelly and Lockwood narrate the protagonists'story,they remain emotionally detached from them.Expanding and commenting upon Krupat's argument and observation,this essay will argue that Bronte intentionally makes Nelly's and Lockwood's attitudes towards the protagonists strangely repressive and unsympathetic.In doing so,Bronte spotlights and dramatizes social mores'contaminating influence on Catherine's relationship to Heathcliff.In the 19h century England,people could not be respected unless theywere wealthy and had refined and elegant manners.Though falling in love with Heathcliff deeply,Catherine abandons her authentic will and marries the wealthy Edgar Linton.In this sense,echoing the way social norms control the fates of Catherine and Heatheliff,Nelly and Lockwood also antagonistically control their fates.In contrast to the exterior narrators,the protagonists in the interior story are always passive and remain subjected to outer forces.展开更多
文摘The renowned translator Yang Yi passed away in 2023.Many scholars argue that,influenced by their biological gender,female translators often employ translation methods in adherence to feminist translation or reflect characteristics typical of female translators.This study examines the translation of Wuthering Heights by Yang Yi,focusing on whether there is a definite influence of gender on translator behavior.While existing literature primarily analyzes Yang Yi’s work through a feminist lens,this research takes a broader approach.By considering the translator’s social background and translation practice,this paper challenges the assumption that her work strictly aligns with feminist translation theories.Instead,this study emphasizes the importance of considering diverse factors when interpreting translated works,moving beyond a singular gender-based standpoint.
基金supported by the Hong Kong GRF RGC project 15217222:“Modernization of the leveling network in the Hong Kong territories”。
文摘Utilizing the adopted average topographic density of 2670 kg/m^(3)in the reduction of gravity anomalies introduces errors attributed to topographic density variations,which consequently affect geoid modeling accuracy.Furthermore,the mean gravity along the plumbline within the topography in the definition of Helmert orthometric heights is computed approximately by applying the Poincar e-Prey gravity reduction where the topographic density variations are disregarded.The Helmert orthometric heights of benchmarks are then affected by errors.These errors could be random or systematic depending on the specific geological setting of the region where the leveling network is physically established and/or the geoid model is determined.An example of systematic errors in orthometric heights can be given for large regions characterized by sediment or volcanic deposits,the density of which is substantially lower than the adopted topographic density used in Helmert's definition of heights.The same applies to geoid modeling errors.In this study,we investigate these errors in the Hong Kong territory,where topographic density is about 20%lower than the density of 2670 kg/m^(3).We use the digital rock density model to estimate the effect of topographic density variations on the geoid and orthometric heights.Our results show that this effect on the geoid and Helmert orthometric heights reach maxima of about 2.1 and 0.5 cm,respectively.Both results provide clear evidence that rock density models are essential in physical geodesy applications involving gravimetric geoid modeling and orthometric height determination despite some criticism that could be raised regarding the reliability of these density models.However,in regions dominated by sedimentary and igneous rocks,the geological information is essential in these applications because topographic densities are substantially lower than the average density of 2670 kg/m^(3),thus introducing large systematic errors in geoid and orthometric heights.
文摘This paper intends to show Victorian women's ambivalence about their place in the society and their pitiful fate by analysing two women characters--Catherine and Isabella.
文摘Wuthering Heights has been one of the most famous novels in English literature. Emily's writing skills are worth the exploration. She can successfully handle the events out of chronological order; she can master the multiple narrator technique; she can create such repetitions of plots and she can design many meaningful symbols. No wonder why Wuthering Heights is in the a high position in the world literature.
文摘Though Wuthering Heights has been studied,analyzed and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective,yet it remains unexhausted,which fully expresses that the artistic power of Emily Bronte's works has never disappeared.Wuthering Heights is just a fantastic works.The novel's theme,narrative technique,structure and language are unique.
文摘There exist discussions about the heroine's love tragedy in Wuthering Heights from time to time.Based on Freud's Id theory as the starting point,it serves as a new viewpoint of review focusing on the conflict between“Social Reality”and“Id”in the novel to analyse the causes of Catherine's love tragedy and criticize the devastation of humanity brought by the concept of“money first”and“family hierarchy”in the 19th century capitalist society.
文摘Nelly in Wuthering Heights is viewed by many critics as a servant who witnesses the love-hatred story of the two generations, an onlooker and narrator who seems calmly detached from the story, a friend-like figure of honesty, fidelity and benevolence. However a close reading of the novel reveals that the role of Nelly is more than that. Nelly not only is deeply involved in the story, but also plays the very important role of the representative of the malicious adult, the great villain who contributes much to the development of the story.
文摘In Wuthering Heights,Heathcliff and Hareton are technically enemies but they share many similarities,such as their growing environment,feeling of inferiority complex,and their intensive persistence in love for their beloved.The major difference between them is the attitude towards revenge and tolerance.Depicting the similarity and difference between the two characters that starts with the same fate but ends with completely different consequence,Emily Bronte indicates the karma that avenger will suffer from the evil consequence committed by himself and tolerance is the true virtue.
文摘Wuthering Heights is a highly imaginative novel of love and revenge and a shining pearl in the treasure of English literature.This thesis aims to make a full exploration of the inner and external reasons resulting in the tragic love between Catherine and Heathcliff in the novel with the application of Freud’s theory of personality structure and from metaphorically geographical,social and economic perspectives as well.Readers are expected to fully realize the destructive force of a desperate soul,better appreciate the tragic beauty of a doomed love and,above all,capture the humane light beneath a tragic drama.
文摘Since its publication, Wuthering Heights has won great popularity home and abroad for the complexity and delicacy of the narration. However, the story is not true as the unreliability of its narrator is obvious as far as it is judged by Rimmon-Kenan's theory of narrative unreliability.
文摘Heathcliff is a highly controversial character in Emily Bront 's canon Wuthering Heights. He is depicted as an incredi ble conglomeration of enigmas and simplicity, aloofness and affinity, ferocity and vulnerability, inhumanity and heroicity, a man who appears more silent and preoccupied than talkative and carefree, inaudible and incalculable in both words and thoughts. The author of this paper considers that there is much left to be read and contemplate on in Heathcliff's silence and thus make a tempa tive research into Heathcliff's silence by discerning its manifestations and probing its causes, in order to resonate with the inner touch of this complicated soul and relate his silence with the spirit that Emily Bront wished to deliver through Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff's silence manifests as muteness, elusion and colloquial or physical violence. In his whole life, Heathcliff inter mittently experiences the self-chosen silence and the forced silence. He chooses to be silence out of self-protection and the infe riority complex; he considers silence as a token of masculinity. And the ruthless force from outside also compels him into a periph eralized situation where he has to keep silent and struggles against the torture and torment alone.
文摘This paper deals with the analysis of the agony of Catherine, the character in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights. In this paper, the novel will be analyzed from the angle of Catherine's splitting character between her wild nature and her civilized consciousness. The paper will focus on how the split becomes the cause of her contradictions and her agonizing love for the two men — Heathcliff and Edgar. It is contended that Catherine's agony is caused exactly by each of the two sides of her character.
文摘Emily Bronte has sueeessfully portrayed many eharaeters in the novel’’Wuthering Heights."For more than one handred years,many seholars have beel、studying this author,arguin;their different views of the book,and
文摘Wuthering Heights, a famous western work, is the representative work of Emily Bronte. And it is a very peculiar novel with gloomy and terrible environment, monstrous social life, and protagonist＇ s aberrant personality. There are a series of environmental descriptions in Wuthering Heights, which composes the important parts in this novel. It intends to analyze the artistic charm of environmental description in Wuthering Heights from three aspects： deepening the theme, romantic reflection and Gothic effect. Through the analysis, it may be easier for readers to understand the plots and enjoy its artistic charm.
文摘This essay investigates the way Emily Bronte manipulates the artistic split between the exterior frame,the hostile naration of Nelly and Lockwood,and the core story of Catherine and Heathcliff.As noticed by the literary critic,Armold Krupat,while Nelly and Lockwood narrate the protagonists'story,they remain emotionally detached from them.Expanding and commenting upon Krupat's argument and observation,this essay will argue that Bronte intentionally makes Nelly's and Lockwood's attitudes towards the protagonists strangely repressive and unsympathetic.In doing so,Bronte spotlights and dramatizes social mores'contaminating influence on Catherine's relationship to Heathcliff.In the 19h century England,people could not be respected unless theywere wealthy and had refined and elegant manners.Though falling in love with Heathcliff deeply,Catherine abandons her authentic will and marries the wealthy Edgar Linton.In this sense,echoing the way social norms control the fates of Catherine and Heatheliff,Nelly and Lockwood also antagonistically control their fates.In contrast to the exterior narrators,the protagonists in the interior story are always passive and remain subjected to outer forces.
