为研究城市小型河流中污染物的物理迁移过程规律,分析基流条件下流动水体与暂态存储区之间的滞留交互作用,采用溴化锂（Li Br）作为保守性示踪剂进行野外现场示踪试验,结合一维溶质运移存储模型（One-dimensional Transport with Inflow...为研究城市小型河流中污染物的物理迁移过程规律,分析基流条件下流动水体与暂态存储区之间的滞留交互作用,采用溴化锂（Li Br）作为保守性示踪剂进行野外现场示踪试验,结合一维溶质运移存储模型（One-dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage model,OTIS）定量解析潜流交换特性,估算纵向弥散系数（D）、潜流交换面积（As）、主河道断面面积（A）和潜流交换系数（α）。模型度量指标Da I值和均方根误差值结果表征参数模拟结果可靠性高,拟合效果理想。由泵入点O至下游1 300 m设置的A、B、C、D 4处监测点的模拟结果表明,水文参数D、As、A和α均随水文条件而变,OB河段（0-600 m）潜流交换能力较弱,主要以对流弥散过程为主;BD河段（600-1 300 m）具有较强的暂态存储能力,对溶质的滞留时间长;BC（600-1 000 m）和CD（1 000-1 300 m）河段交换系数分别为（3.42×10^-6±0.65×10^-6）s-1和（2.87×10^-6±0.81×10^-6）s-1;河段BC存在2.2×10-5m3/（s·m）的侧向补给流量。4个河段对比发现,城市河流渠道化、河床沉积物贫瘠等特征导致潜流交换能力弱化。展开更多
The mechanism of transport of chemicals in soil is an important research topic of environmental science and engineering, and some models and methods for a variety of solute transport problems have been done. Howeve...The mechanism of transport of chemicals in soil is an important research topic of environmental science and engineering, and some models and methods for a variety of solute transport problems have been done. However. most of previous works are usually for a soil column of infinite dimension. Starting from the one-dimension transient solute transport equation and its boundary and initial condition for a solute transport problem of soil column of finite length, this work has successfully applied a variable transformation to simplify the partial differential equation of solute transport problem. And an analytical serial solution for the simplified equation is then established by the so-called separated variable method and the superposition method. Compared with numerical methods such as finite different method and finite element method, this analytical solution is more accurate and of higher computation efficiency. In addition, the solution procedure presented could be extended for applications such as quality analysis, design of physical experimentation, or parameter estimation and measurement of solute transport problems.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements： The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 90502006/D0123）, Hunan provincial Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 06JJ3020） and Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department （No. 06C500）.
文摘The mechanism of transport of chemicals in soil is an important research topic of environmental science and engineering, and some models and methods for a variety of solute transport problems have been done. However. most of previous works are usually for a soil column of infinite dimension. Starting from the one-dimension transient solute transport equation and its boundary and initial condition for a solute transport problem of soil column of finite length, this work has successfully applied a variable transformation to simplify the partial differential equation of solute transport problem. And an analytical serial solution for the simplified equation is then established by the so-called separated variable method and the superposition method. Compared with numerical methods such as finite different method and finite element method, this analytical solution is more accurate and of higher computation efficiency. In addition, the solution procedure presented could be extended for applications such as quality analysis, design of physical experimentation, or parameter estimation and measurement of solute transport problems.
