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酵母培养物对夏季生长育肥猪肠道菌群结构和发酵能力的影响 被引量:7
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作者 田书会 李根来 +2 位作者 田文生 张逊 姚文 《南京农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第4期91-98,共8页
180头体质量(29.56±1.12)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交商品猪随机分为3组(每组6栏,每栏10头),对照组(C)饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验1组(T1)和2组(T2)日粮分别添加1.0和4.0 g.kg-1(以干物质计)的酵母培养物(YC),于生长期和育... 180头体质量(29.56±1.12)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交商品猪随机分为3组(每组6栏,每栏10头),对照组(C)饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验1组(T1)和2组(T2)日粮分别添加1.0和4.0 g.kg-1(以干物质计)的酵母培养物(YC),于生长期和育肥期末每栏随机抽取1头猪屠宰,采集回、结肠食糜样品,以研究日粮添加YC对肠道菌群结构和发酵能力的影响。同时以回肠食糜为底物、结肠食糜为接种物,研究体外模拟回肠食糜进入结肠后经微生物发酵产生挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)的浓度。结果表明:回、结肠食糜DGGE图谱显示YC组猪的菌群相似性更高;YC对回肠总菌数无显著影响,但显著减少生长期T2组及育肥期T1和T2组回肠乳酸杆菌数(P<0.05),生长期结肠乳酸杆菌数则有降低的趋势(P=0.06);YC有提高结肠丁酸产生菌数量的趋势(P=0.07);生长期T1组(P<0.05)和T2组(P<0.01)、育肥期T1组(P<0.05)回肠食糜乳酸浓度均显著低于对照组。体外模拟试验结果显示:YC显著提高了生长期肠道微生物产生丁酸的能力(P<0.01),但对生长期总VFA(TVFA)、乙酸、丙酸及育肥期TVFA和各酸浓度无显著影响。结论:夏季生长育肥猪日粮中添加YC能显著降低回肠乳酸杆菌数和乳酸浓度,提高结肠丁酸产生菌数和丁酸浓度,为肠道上皮细胞提供更多的能量。 展开更多
关键词 酵母培养物 生长育肥猪 挥发性脂肪酸 乳酸杆 丁酸产生菌
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全小米膳食干预对轻度高血压患者肠道菌群的影响 被引量:4
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作者 侯殿志 陈静 沈群 《中国食品学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第2期100-108,共9页
本文研究了全小米膳食对轻度高血压患者肠道菌群的改善作用,结果表明,经过12周的全小米膳食干预,轻度高血压受试者的肠道菌群丰度得到显著提高,而多样性指数没有显著变化。属水平上,柔韧梭菌属和乳杆菌属的相对丰度得到显著提升(P﹤0.0... 本文研究了全小米膳食对轻度高血压患者肠道菌群的改善作用,结果表明,经过12周的全小米膳食干预,轻度高血压受试者的肠道菌群丰度得到显著提高,而多样性指数没有显著变化。属水平上,柔韧梭菌属和乳杆菌属的相对丰度得到显著提升(P﹤0.01),说明小米可调节轻度高血压受试者某些菌属的相对丰度。另外,以乳酸盐产生菌的积累、乙酸盐和丁酸盐产生菌的减少为特征的高血压受试者的肠道菌群失衡状态得到改善。其中丁酸盐产生菌的相对丰度增加较为明显,比基线时上升了20%。小米对轻度高血压受试者肠道菌群的改善作用为全谷物降压作用的机理研究提供了新思路。 展开更多
关键词 小米 高血压 肠道 相对丰度 丁酸产生
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健康成年人肠道硫酸盐还原菌和丁酸盐产生菌的性别差异 被引量:3
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作者 冯舟 李敏 +1 位作者 龙文敏 庞小燕 《基因组学与应用生物学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第9期1842-1847,共6页
探究人体肠道内重要的功能菌——硫酸盐还原菌和丁酸盐产生菌在健康成年个体中的数量,并分析其与年龄、性别的关系。采集40名健康成年志愿者(男性:女性=1:1,年龄23~53岁)的粪便样品,采用试剂盒Invi Mag誖Stool DNA Kit联合Bead beating... 探究人体肠道内重要的功能菌——硫酸盐还原菌和丁酸盐产生菌在健康成年个体中的数量,并分析其与年龄、性别的关系。采集40名健康成年志愿者(男性:女性=1:1,年龄23~53岁)的粪便样品,采用试剂盒Invi Mag誖Stool DNA Kit联合Bead beating的方法提取粪便中细菌总DNA。通过定量PCR技术对总菌、硫酸盐还原菌以及丁酸盐产生菌的拷贝数进行定量检测。结果显示,40名健康成年人每纳克粪便DNA中含有的细菌总量为(9.22×106±7.35×106)个拷贝,硫酸盐还原菌拷贝数为(9.21×103±9.87×103),而丁酸盐产生菌拷贝数稍高于硫酸盐还原菌,为(2.68×104±3.08×104)。硫酸盐还原菌和丁酸盐产生菌的数量在不同个体间存在较大差异。Spearman相关分析显示三类基因的拷贝数与志愿者年龄无显著相关关系。硫酸盐还原菌和丁酸盐产生菌的拷贝数及其相对丰度存在显著的性别差异,表现在男性个体含有更少的硫酸盐还原菌(p<0.05)和更多的丁酸盐产生菌(p<0.01)。本研究揭示了硫酸盐还原菌和丁酸盐产生菌在健康成年人肠道内的数量,为进一步探究肠道菌群的性别差异提供了新的思路。 展开更多
关键词 肠道 性别差异 定量PCR 硫酸盐还原 丁酸产生
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A Two-stage pH and Temperature Control with Substrate Feeding Strategy for Production of Gamma-aminobutyric Acid by Lactobacillus brevis CGMCC 1306 被引量:7
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作者 彭春龙 黄俊 +3 位作者 胡升 赵伟睿 姚善泾 梅乐和 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第10期1190-1194,共5页
Methods to optimize the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by Lactobacillus brevis CGMCC 1306 were investigated. Results indicated that cell growth was maximal at pH 5.0, while pH 4.5 was pref-erable to GA... Methods to optimize the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by Lactobacillus brevis CGMCC 1306 were investigated. Results indicated that cell growth was maximal at pH 5.0, while pH 4.5 was pref-erable to GABA formation. The optimal temperature for cell growth (35 °C) was lower than that for GABA forma-tion (40 °C). In a two-stage pH and temperature control fermentation, cultures were maintained at pH 5.0 and 35 °C for 32 h, then adjusted to pH 4.5 and 40 °C, GABA production increased remarkably and reached 474.79 mmol·L-1 at 72 h, while it was 398.63 mmol·L-1 with one stage pH and temperature control process, in which cultivation con-ditions were constantly controlled at pH 5.0 and 35 °C. In order to avoid the inhibition of cell growth at higher L-monosodium glutamate (L-MSG) concentrations, the two-stage control fermentation with substrate feeding strat-egy was applied to GABA production, with 106.87 mmol (20 g) L-MSG supplemented into the shaking-flask at 32 h and 56 h post-inoculation separately. The GABA concentration reached 526.33 mmol·L-1 at 72 h with the fer-mentation volume increased by 38%. These results will provide primary data to realize large-scale production of GABA by L. brevis CGMCC 1306. 展开更多
关键词 gamma-aminobutyric acid Lactobacillus brevis CGMCC 1306 two-stage pH and temperature control substrate feeding
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Production of polyhydroxybutyrate by the marine photosynthetic bacterium Rhodovulum sulfidophilum P5 被引量:2
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作者 才金玲 魏莹 +2 位作者 赵宇鹏 潘光华 王广策 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第4期620-626,共7页
The effects of different NaCl concentrations, nitrogen sources, carbon sources, and carbon to nitrogen molar ratios on biomass accumulation and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production were studied in batch cultures of ... The effects of different NaCl concentrations, nitrogen sources, carbon sources, and carbon to nitrogen molar ratios on biomass accumulation and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production were studied in batch cultures of the marine photosynthetic bacterium Rhodovulum sulfidophilum P5 under aerobic-dark conditions. The results show that the accumulation of PHB in strain P5 is a growth-associated process. Strain P5 had maximum biomass and PHB accumulation at 2%-3% NaCl, suggesting that the bacterium can maintain growth and potentially produce PHB at natural seawater salinity. In the nitrogen source test, the maximum biomass accumulation (8.10±0.09 g/L) and PHB production (1.11±0.13 g/L and 14.62%±2.25% of the cell dry weight) were observed when peptone and ammonium chloride were used as the sole nitrogen source. NH^-N was better for PHB production than other nitrogen sources. In the carbon source test, the maximum biomass concentration (7.65±0.05 g/L) was obtained with malic acid as the sole carbon source, whereas the maximum yield of PHB (5.03±0.18 g/L and 66.93%± 1.69% of the cell dry weight) was obtained with sodium pyruvate as the sole carbon source. In the carbon to nitrogen ratios test, sodium pyruvate and ammonium chloride were selected as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The best carbon to nitrogen molar ratio for biomass accumulation (8.77±0.58 g/L) and PHB production (6.07±0.25 g/L and 69.25%±2.05% of the cell dry weight) was 25. The results provide valuable data on the production of PHB by R. sulfidophilum P5 and further studies are on-going for best cell growth and PHB yield. 展开更多
关键词 POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE Rhodovulum sulfidophilum nitrogen source carbon source carbon tonitrogen molar ratio
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Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) by Recombinant Pseudomonas stutzeri 1317 from Unrelated Carbon Sources 被引量:1
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作者 魏晓星 刘峰 +2 位作者 简嘉 王瑞妍 陈国强 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第9期1057-1061,共5页
Synthetic biology promises to simplify the construction of metabolic pathways by assembling the de- tached modules of the whole pathway. This gives new approaches for the microbial production of industrial products su... Synthetic biology promises to simplify the construction of metabolic pathways by assembling the de- tached modules of the whole pathway. This gives new approaches for the microbial production of industrial products such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). In this study, to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) by Pseudomonas stutzeri 1317 from unrelated carbon sources such as glucose, the phaCl-phaZ-phaC2 operon of P. stutzeri 1317 was knocked out to generate the PHA deficient mutant P. stutzeri 1317LF. Then three modules containing phaCahAReBRe, phaCahBReGep and phaCAhPah were introduced into P. stutzeri 1317LF separately The shake flask results indicated that the precursor supply and PHA synthase activity were the vital factors for the PHBHHx accumulation of P. stutzeri 1317LF. Furthermore, the PHBHHx accumulation of the recombinants from different carbon resources were performed. The highest PHBHHx content was 23.7% (by mass) with 58.6% (by mole) 3HB fraction. These results provide basis for further improving the PHBHHx accumulation of P. stutzeri from unrelated carbon sources. 展开更多
关键词 Pseudomonas stutzeri 1317 PHBHHX unrelated carbon sources
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