Ternary Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 composite photocatalysts are prepared by a facile method. Enhanced visible-light absorption and charge carrier separation are achieved after the introduction of Ag/AgC l particles into BiO IO3...Ternary Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 composite photocatalysts are prepared by a facile method. Enhanced visible-light absorption and charge carrier separation are achieved after the introduction of Ag/AgC l particles into BiO IO3 systems,as revealed by ultraviolet-visible diffuse-reflectance spectrometry,photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 composites are applied to the visible-light photocatalytic oxidization of NO in air and exhibit an enhanced activity for NO removal in comparison with Ag/AgC l and pure BiO IO3. A possible photocatalytic mechanism for Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 is proposed,which is related to the surface plasmon resonance effects of Ag metal and the effective carrier separation ability of BiO IO3. This work provides insight into the design and preparation of BiO IO3-based materials with enhanced visible-light photocatalysis ability.展开更多
The phase equilibria and compositions in Mg-rich side at 300 ℃ were investigated in Mg-Zn-Ca ternary system through the equilibrated alloy method by using scanning electron microscopy,electron probe microanalysis,X-r...The phase equilibria and compositions in Mg-rich side at 300 ℃ were investigated in Mg-Zn-Ca ternary system through the equilibrated alloy method by using scanning electron microscopy,electron probe microanalysis,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that two ternary compounds T1 and T2 can be in equilibrium with the Mg-based solid solution in Mg-Zn-Ca system.T1 phase is a linear compound with the composition region（molar fraction） of 15% Ca,20.5%-48.9% Zn and balanced Mg at 300 ℃.Its hexagonal structure parameters decrease with increasing Zn content,i.e.a=0.992-0.945 nm,c=1.034-1.003 nm.T2 phase has hexagonal structure with the composition region of 26.4%-28.4% Mg,63.2%-65.5% Zn and 7.1%-8.4% Ca.At 300 ℃,the solubility of Zn in the Mg-based solid solution increases for the addition of Ca,the maximum solubility of Zn is 3.7%.Three-phase fields consisting of--Mg＋Mg2Ca＋T1,--Mg＋T1＋T2,--Mg＋T2＋MgZn and MgZn＋T2＋Mg2Zn3 exist in the Mg-Zn-Ca system at 300 ℃.展开更多
The structural,electronic and elastic properties of the M_2SiC phases were studied,where M are 3d,4d,and 5d early transition metals.The valence electron concentration(VEC) effect of Ti,V,Cr,Zr,Nb,Mo,Hf,Ta and W on the...The structural,electronic and elastic properties of the M_2SiC phases were studied,where M are 3d,4d,and 5d early transition metals.The valence electron concentration(VEC) effect of Ti,V,Cr,Zr,Nb,Mo,Hf,Ta and W on these properties was examined.The C_(44) saturates for a VEC value in surrounding of 8.5 for each serie.Hf-s,Ta-s and W-s electrons mainly contribute to the density of states at the Fermi level,and should be involved in the conduction properties.The distortion increases with increasing VEC and decreasing k_c/k_a factor except for the series M=Ti,V and Cr,where it is lower at the VEC value of 8.5(it follows a parabolic variation).The M_2SiC was characterized by a profound anisotropy for the shear planes(1010) and compressibility in the direction is higher than that along the cone except for W_2SiC,where it is lower.展开更多
Some magnetocaloric materials were used successfully in magnetic refrigeration application and became one of the critical parts of magnetic refrigeration technology whose delightful progresses were made worldwide in t...Some magnetocaloric materials were used successfully in magnetic refrigeration application and became one of the critical parts of magnetic refrigeration technology whose delightful progresses were made worldwide in the past 30 years. At the same time, the research on giant magnetocaloric materials will accelerate the development of room temperature magnetic refrigeration. In this paper, the new theoretical and experimental investigations on magnetic materials in room temperature application were described, including Gd and its binary and ternary intermetallic compounds, Mn-based compounds, La(Fe13-xMx)-based compounds and manganites. Based on the analysis of hysteresis, corrosion, cost and heat process, the comparison between different families of magnetic materials was discussed. Further research of room temperature magnetic refrigerant was suggested.展开更多
The phase relationships in the Zn-Al-Ti system at 450 and 600℃ were experimentally determined using equilibrated alloys method.The specimens were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy coupled with ene...The phase relationships in the Zn-Al-Ti system at 450 and 600℃ were experimentally determined using equilibrated alloys method.The specimens were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry.Eleven and eight three-phase regions are confirmed in the 450 and 600℃ isothermal sections,respectively.The Ti2Al5 which only exists at high temperature(990-1199.4℃)in Ti-Al binary system is confirmed in two isothermal sections due to the dissolution of zinc.The T phase is confirmed as a ternary compound rather than an extension phase of TiZn3 at 450℃.The T2 phase is a new ternary phase stable at 450 and 600℃ in Zn-Al-Ti ternary system.展开更多
Commercial pure aluminum and galvanized carbon steel were lap-welded using the weld-brazing(WB)technique.Three types of aluminum filler materials(4043,4047,and 5356) were used for WB.The joint strength and intermetall...Commercial pure aluminum and galvanized carbon steel were lap-welded using the weld-brazing(WB)technique.Three types of aluminum filler materials(4043,4047,and 5356) were used for WB.The joint strength and intermetallic compounds at the interface of three series of samples were analyzed and compared.Depending on the Si content,a variety of ternary Al-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds(IMCs) such as Fe_(4)(Al,Si)_(13),Fe_(2) Al_(8) Si(τ_(5)),and Fe_(2) Al_(9) Si_(2)(τ_(6)) were formed at the interface.Mg element in 5356 filler material cannot contribute to the formation of Al-Fe intermetallic phases due to the positive mixing enthalpy of Mg-Fe.The presence of Mg enhances the hot cracking phenomenon near the Al-Fe intermetallic compound at the interface.Zn coating does not participate in intermetallic formation due to its evaporation during WB.It was concluded that the softening of the base metal in the heat-affected zone rather than the IMCs determines the joint efficiency.展开更多
In this paper detailed studies of the cyclic voltammetry(CV) of trinuclear metal cluster compounds [M_3O_2(O_2CCH_3,)6(H,O),j z+ (M,=Mo3,MoW2,W3) are reported.The result of CV shows that they are similar to each other...In this paper detailed studies of the cyclic voltammetry(CV) of trinuclear metal cluster compounds [M_3O_2(O_2CCH_3,)6(H,O),j z+ (M,=Mo3,MoW2,W3) are reported.The result of CV shows that they are similar to each other.There are a reversible redox peak near-0. 48 V and an irreversible reduced peak near-1.10 V in the scan range of + l.0 V to l. 5 V.It implies that the M_3O_2,clusters might gain one electron to be further reduced.But the two-electron-reduced product of M_3O_2 clusters are instable.The theoretical calculations(EHMO) agree well with the result of the CV experiment.展开更多
The combined use of the photoelectric and electro-optic properties of BSO crystal (Bi 12 SiO 20 ) leads to realize spatial light modulation.Under some condition,BSO crystal can become birefringent depending on...The combined use of the photoelectric and electro-optic properties of BSO crystal (Bi 12 SiO 20 ) leads to realize spatial light modulation.Under some condition,BSO crystal can become birefringent depending on a local illuminance.The relationship between the distributions of an illuminance and a birefringence will be discussed.This spatial light modulator can work in real-time. The experiment shows,in order to increase the sensitivity of BSO crystal,an electric field of 6 kV/cm at an atmosphere pressure of 15×10 5 Pa should be applied to BSO crystal.With BSO we have measured 3-dimensional deformation by means of real-time holography.展开更多
The dark current of In_(0.47) Ga_(0.53) As/InP heterojunction photodiodes (HPDs) was analysed. We found that there exists a new dark current component──deep level-assisted tunnelling current.DLTS was used to measure...The dark current of In_(0.47) Ga_(0.53) As/InP heterojunction photodiodes (HPDs) was analysed. We found that there exists a new dark current component──deep level-assisted tunnelling current.DLTS was used to measure the In_(0.47)Ga_(0.53)As/InP HPDs. An electronic trap which has a thermal activation energy of O.44 eV, level concentration of 3.10×10￣(13)cm￣(-3) and electronic capture cross section of 1.72×10￣(12)cm￣2 has been found.It's existence results in the new tunnelling current.展开更多
Vapor pressure values of binary systems water ＋ ethanol, water ＋ ionic liquid 1-propyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide （[PMIM] [Br]）, ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] and ternary system water ＋ ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] at diffe...Vapor pressure values of binary systems water ＋ ethanol, water ＋ ionic liquid 1-propyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide （[PMIM] [Br]）, ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] and ternary system water ＋ ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] at different temperatures were measured by using a modified boiling point method in various concentrations of （16.66%, 33.7%）, （17.4%, 33.9%） and （16.5%, 32%） mass percent of ionic liquid, respectively. The experimental vapor pressures of solvent were well correlated by the Antoine-type equation, and the overall average absolute deviation （AAD） was found to be 0.39%. The experimental results for mixtures containing ionic liquid indicate that the vapor pressure of the solvents can be decreased noticeably to different extent due to the affinity difference between ionic liquid and solvent, which is similar to the salt effect of common inorganic salts. As a result, ionic liquid may find industrial applications in extractive distillations for the system with a low separation factor or even for an azeotropic mixture.展开更多
Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) films were deposited on W6Mo5Cr4V2 high speed steel(HSS) substrate implanted with boron ion by RF-magnetron sputtering. The films were analyzed by the bending beam method, scratch test, XPS a...Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) films were deposited on W6Mo5Cr4V2 high speed steel(HSS) substrate implanted with boron ion by RF-magnetron sputtering. The films were analyzed by the bending beam method, scratch test, XPS and AFM. The experimental results show that the implantation of boron atom can reduce the internal stress and improve the adhesion strength of the films. The critical load of scratch test rises to 27.45 N, compared to 1.75 N of c-BN film on the unimplanted HSS. The AFM shows that the surface of the c-BN film on the implanted HSS is low in roughness and small in grain size. Then the composition of the boron implanted layer was analyzed by the XPS. And the influence of the boron implanted layer on the internal stress and adhesion strength of c-BN films were investigated.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(5147807051108487)the Science and Technology Project from Chongqing Education Commission(KJ1400617)~~
文摘Ternary Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 composite photocatalysts are prepared by a facile method. Enhanced visible-light absorption and charge carrier separation are achieved after the introduction of Ag/AgC l particles into BiO IO3 systems,as revealed by ultraviolet-visible diffuse-reflectance spectrometry,photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 composites are applied to the visible-light photocatalytic oxidization of NO in air and exhibit an enhanced activity for NO removal in comparison with Ag/AgC l and pure BiO IO3. A possible photocatalytic mechanism for Ag/AgC l/BiO IO3 is proposed,which is related to the surface plasmon resonance effects of Ag metal and the effective carrier separation ability of BiO IO3. This work provides insight into the design and preparation of BiO IO3-based materials with enhanced visible-light photocatalysis ability.
基金Project(50731002) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20082030) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China
文摘The phase equilibria and compositions in Mg-rich side at 300 ℃ were investigated in Mg-Zn-Ca ternary system through the equilibrated alloy method by using scanning electron microscopy,electron probe microanalysis,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that two ternary compounds T1 and T2 can be in equilibrium with the Mg-based solid solution in Mg-Zn-Ca system.T1 phase is a linear compound with the composition region（molar fraction） of 15% Ca,20.5%-48.9% Zn and balanced Mg at 300 ℃.Its hexagonal structure parameters decrease with increasing Zn content,i.e.a=0.992-0.945 nm,c=1.034-1.003 nm.T2 phase has hexagonal structure with the composition region of 26.4%-28.4% Mg,63.2%-65.5% Zn and 7.1%-8.4% Ca.At 300 ℃,the solubility of Zn in the Mg-based solid solution increases for the addition of Ca,the maximum solubility of Zn is 3.7%.Three-phase fields consisting of--Mg＋Mg2Ca＋T1,--Mg＋T1＋T2,--Mg＋T2＋MgZn and MgZn＋T2＋Mg2Zn3 exist in the Mg-Zn-Ca system at 300 ℃.
文摘The structural,electronic and elastic properties of the M_2SiC phases were studied,where M are 3d,4d,and 5d early transition metals.The valence electron concentration(VEC) effect of Ti,V,Cr,Zr,Nb,Mo,Hf,Ta and W on these properties was examined.The C_(44) saturates for a VEC value in surrounding of 8.5 for each serie.Hf-s,Ta-s and W-s electrons mainly contribute to the density of states at the Fermi level,and should be involved in the conduction properties.The distortion increases with increasing VEC and decreasing k_c/k_a factor except for the series M=Ti,V and Cr,where it is lower at the VEC value of 8.5(it follows a parabolic variation).The M_2SiC was characterized by a profound anisotropy for the shear planes(1010) and compressibility in the direction is higher than that along the cone except for W_2SiC,where it is lower.
基金Project(50876082) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(IRT0746) supported by the Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University
文摘Some magnetocaloric materials were used successfully in magnetic refrigeration application and became one of the critical parts of magnetic refrigeration technology whose delightful progresses were made worldwide in the past 30 years. At the same time, the research on giant magnetocaloric materials will accelerate the development of room temperature magnetic refrigeration. In this paper, the new theoretical and experimental investigations on magnetic materials in room temperature application were described, including Gd and its binary and ternary intermetallic compounds, Mn-based compounds, La(Fe13-xMx)-based compounds and manganites. Based on the analysis of hysteresis, corrosion, cost and heat process, the comparison between different families of magnetic materials was discussed. Further research of room temperature magnetic refrigerant was suggested.
基金Project(51971189)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2019JJ60011)supported by Zhuzhou Joint Fund of Hunan Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(KFBM20180001)supported by Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology(Changzhou University),China。
文摘The phase relationships in the Zn-Al-Ti system at 450 and 600℃ were experimentally determined using equilibrated alloys method.The specimens were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry.Eleven and eight three-phase regions are confirmed in the 450 and 600℃ isothermal sections,respectively.The Ti2Al5 which only exists at high temperature(990-1199.4℃)in Ti-Al binary system is confirmed in two isothermal sections due to the dissolution of zinc.The T phase is confirmed as a ternary compound rather than an extension phase of TiZn3 at 450℃.The T2 phase is a new ternary phase stable at 450 and 600℃ in Zn-Al-Ti ternary system.
基金Project(97.13966(97.11.15)) supported by the Deputy of Research and Technology of Arak University,Iran。
文摘Commercial pure aluminum and galvanized carbon steel were lap-welded using the weld-brazing(WB)technique.Three types of aluminum filler materials(4043,4047,and 5356) were used for WB.The joint strength and intermetallic compounds at the interface of three series of samples were analyzed and compared.Depending on the Si content,a variety of ternary Al-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds(IMCs) such as Fe_(4)(Al,Si)_(13),Fe_(2) Al_(8) Si(τ_(5)),and Fe_(2) Al_(9) Si_(2)(τ_(6)) were formed at the interface.Mg element in 5356 filler material cannot contribute to the formation of Al-Fe intermetallic phases due to the positive mixing enthalpy of Mg-Fe.The presence of Mg enhances the hot cracking phenomenon near the Al-Fe intermetallic compound at the interface.Zn coating does not participate in intermetallic formation due to its evaporation during WB.It was concluded that the softening of the base metal in the heat-affected zone rather than the IMCs determines the joint efficiency.
文摘In this paper detailed studies of the cyclic voltammetry(CV) of trinuclear metal cluster compounds [M_3O_2(O_2CCH_3,)6(H,O),j z+ (M,=Mo3,MoW2,W3) are reported.The result of CV shows that they are similar to each other.There are a reversible redox peak near-0. 48 V and an irreversible reduced peak near-1.10 V in the scan range of + l.0 V to l. 5 V.It implies that the M_3O_2,clusters might gain one electron to be further reduced.But the two-electron-reduced product of M_3O_2 clusters are instable.The theoretical calculations(EHMO) agree well with the result of the CV experiment.
文摘The combined use of the photoelectric and electro-optic properties of BSO crystal (Bi 12 SiO 20 ) leads to realize spatial light modulation.Under some condition,BSO crystal can become birefringent depending on a local illuminance.The relationship between the distributions of an illuminance and a birefringence will be discussed.This spatial light modulator can work in real-time. The experiment shows,in order to increase the sensitivity of BSO crystal,an electric field of 6 kV/cm at an atmosphere pressure of 15×10 5 Pa should be applied to BSO crystal.With BSO we have measured 3-dimensional deformation by means of real-time holography.
文摘The dark current of In_(0.47) Ga_(0.53) As/InP heterojunction photodiodes (HPDs) was analysed. We found that there exists a new dark current component──deep level-assisted tunnelling current.DLTS was used to measure the In_(0.47)Ga_(0.53)As/InP HPDs. An electronic trap which has a thermal activation energy of O.44 eV, level concentration of 3.10×10￣(13)cm￣(-3) and electronic capture cross section of 1.72×10￣(12)cm￣2 has been found.It's existence results in the new tunnelling current.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 20376004).
文摘Vapor pressure values of binary systems water ＋ ethanol, water ＋ ionic liquid 1-propyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide （[PMIM] [Br]）, ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] and ternary system water ＋ ethanol ＋ [PMIM] [Br] at different temperatures were measured by using a modified boiling point method in various concentrations of （16.66%, 33.7%）, （17.4%, 33.9%） and （16.5%, 32%） mass percent of ionic liquid, respectively. The experimental vapor pressures of solvent were well correlated by the Antoine-type equation, and the overall average absolute deviation （AAD） was found to be 0.39%. The experimental results for mixtures containing ionic liquid indicate that the vapor pressure of the solvents can be decreased noticeably to different extent due to the affinity difference between ionic liquid and solvent, which is similar to the salt effect of common inorganic salts. As a result, ionic liquid may find industrial applications in extractive distillations for the system with a low separation factor or even for an azeotropic mixture.
基金National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.59971065)
文摘Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) films were deposited on W6Mo5Cr4V2 high speed steel(HSS) substrate implanted with boron ion by RF-magnetron sputtering. The films were analyzed by the bending beam method, scratch test, XPS and AFM. The experimental results show that the implantation of boron atom can reduce the internal stress and improve the adhesion strength of the films. The critical load of scratch test rises to 27.45 N, compared to 1.75 N of c-BN film on the unimplanted HSS. The AFM shows that the surface of the c-BN film on the implanted HSS is low in roughness and small in grain size. Then the composition of the boron implanted layer was analyzed by the XPS. And the influence of the boron implanted layer on the internal stress and adhesion strength of c-BN films were investigated.
