坎陷如何开出民主?——从三分方法的视角看牟宗三的“坎陷开出民主论”

文章旨在借助笔者多年来一直坚持的三分方法对牟宗三坎陷开出民主的思想进行诠释。所谓坎陷开出民主,最根本的意思是要从文化结构和生命结构中的道德层面退让一步,发展其下的智识层面。这一主张逻辑地包含着政治不能完全离开道德的意思,值得特别关注。文章还对牟宗三相关思想的不足进行了重要的补充。

一分为三辨证方法在出血性中风病的应用研究

目的探讨出血性中风病"一分为三"证候的分布规律,并与1994年国家中医药管理局制定的"中风病辨证诊断标准"(简称"94标准")进行对比。方法对符合纳入标准的127例出血性中风病3期(急性期、恢复期、后遗症期)患者,分别同时进行两种方法的辨证:按"94标准"辨证为对照组,运用"一分为三"的辨证方法(辨阴证、阳证、阴阳错杂证)进行辨证设为试验组,并于入组后第1、3、8、14天进行辨证观察研究。结果 "一分为三"辨证分型与"94标准"辨证分型基本吻合。结论使用"一分为三"辨证可执简驭繁概括出血性中风病"94标准"所辨的6种基本证型。

牟宗三形著论商榷

《心体与性体》的一个显著特点是以形著论为根据,将五峰、蕺山独立为一系,并将其置于象山、阳明之上。牟宗三这一学说的合理性有待讨论。儒家将道德根据归于上天,只是一种"借天为说"的做法,这种意义的天只是虚的,不是实的,不能从根本上完成克治心学流弊的任务。要防止心学走向流弊,有效的办法是大力发展智性,三分方法为此提供了一个可行的思路。

非线性的模拟量绝对值纠错编码方法研究

为了更有效、实时地进行无线图像通信,基于编码理论和非线性理论,提出一种针对模拟量的三分支"咬尾"绝对值纠错编码方法和最大似然译码算法,并与三分支"咬尾"Baker码相比较。经过仿真,在图像传输中,三分支"咬尾"绝对值纠错编码方法在高斯信道中的纠错性能远远超出后者,恢复图像的PSNR有2 dB以上的增益,并且其编译码的复杂度也大幅降低,提升了通信有效性和实时性,在信道的干扰或噪声大的图像通信中具有应用优势。

New algorithm for solving 3D incompressible viscous equations based on projection method

A new algorithm based on the projection method with the implicit finite difference technique was established to calculate the velocity fields and pressure.The calculation region can be divided into different regions according to Reynolds number.In the far-wall region,the thermal melt flow was calculated as Newtonian flow.In the near-wall region,the thermal melt flow was calculated as non-Newtonian flow.It was proved that the new algorithm based on the projection method with the implicit technique was correct through nonparametric statistics method and experiment.The simulation results show that the new algorithm based on the projection method with the implicit technique calculates more quickly than the solution algorithm-volume of fluid method using the explicit difference method.

8-Weighted-Type Fractional Fourier Transform Based Three-Branch Transmission Method

To improve the bit error rate(BER) performance of multiple input multiple output(MIMO) systems with low complexity, a three-branch transmission scheme employing 8-weighted-type fractional Fourier transform(8-WFRFT) module is proposed. In the proposed scheme, the original signal is first decomposed into eight sub-signals and then merged into three component signals by the same carrier pattern. The three signals have mathematical constraint relations among themselves that can counteract the channel fading. They are simultaneously transmitted via three independent antennas after delay regulating. At the receiver, an inverse 8-WFRFT module is employed to obtain the estimated original signal by processing the received signal. Then, the bit error rate(BER) performance, transmitting power, transmission rate, power spectrum and computational complexity of the proposed scheme are analysed in detail. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme has a superior performance compared to STBC based three-antenna transmission scheme, in terms of BER performance.

A Closed Form Solution to Segment 3D Motion Using Straight-line Optical Flow

A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed from straight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.

领导讲话稿的撰写技巧

领导讲话稿是工作会议中最常见的一种文体形式,它直观地反映了领导者在日常工作中的经验积累、所思所想,体现了撰写者的思想高度、文字功底。可以说,它是领导高瞻远瞩、统领全局能力的侧面反映。

Structure of Chinese City Network as Driven by Technological Knowledge Flows

Based on patent cooperation data,this study used a range of city network analysis approaches in order to explore the structure of the Chinese city network which is driven by technological knowledge flows.The results revealed the spatial structure,composition structure,hierarchical structure,group structure,and control structure of Chinese city network,as well as its dynamic factors.The major findings are:1) the spatial pattern presents a diamond structure,in which Wuhan is the central city;2) although the invention patent knowledge network is the main part of the broader inter-city innovative cooperation network,it is weaker than the utility model patent;3) as the senior level cities,Beijing,Shanghai and the cities in the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta Region show a strong capability of both spreading and controlling technological knowledge;4) whilst a national technology alliance has preliminarily formed,regional alliances have not been adequately established;5) even though the cooperation level amongst weak connection cities is not high,such cities still play an important role in the network as a result of their location within ′structural holes′ in the network;and 6) the major driving forces facilitating inter-city technological cooperation are geographical proximity,hierarchical proximity and technological proximity.

3D Multiphase Piecewise Constant Level Set Method Based on Graph Cut Minimization

Segmentation of three-dimensional(3D) complicated structures is of great importance for many real applications.In this work we combine graph cut minimization method with a variant of the level set idea for 3D segmentation based on the Mumford-Shah model.Compared with the traditional approach for solving the Euler-Lagrange equation we do not need to solve any partial differential equations.Instead,the minimum cut on a special designed graph need to be computed.The method is tested on data with complicated structures.It is rather stable with respect to initial value and the algorithm is nearly parameter free.Experiments show that it can solve large problems much faster than traditional approaches.

3D stability analysis method of concave slope based on the Bishop method

In order to study the stability control mechanism of a concave slope with circular landslide, and remove the influence of differences in shape on slope stability, the limit analysis method of a simplified Bishop method was employed. The sliding body was divided into strips in a three-dimensional model, and the lateral earth pressure was put into mechanical analysis and the three-dimensional stability analysis methods applicable for circular sliding in concave slope were deduced. Based on geometric structure and the geological parameters of a concave slope, the influence rule of curvature radius and the top and bottom arch height on the concave slope stability were analyzed. The results show that the stability coefficient decreases after growth, first in the transition stage of slope shape from flat to concave, and it has been confirmed that there is a best size to make the slope stability factor reach a maximum. By contrast with average slope, the stability of a concave slope features a smaller range of ascension with slope height increase, which indicates that the enhancing effect of a concave slope is apparent only with lower slope heights.

牟宗三道德自律学说的困难及其出路

牟宗三借助康德道德自律理论研究儒学 ,大大提高了儒学研究的理论层面 ,但这种做法在情感问题上遇到了困难 ,并因此而成为牟宗三思想研究中的一个热点 ,长年争论不休。本文认为 ,牟宗三道德自律学说之所以遇到困难 ,与其坚持西方哲学感性、理性两分方法 ,从而未能将康德在儒家心性之学中准确定位有关。只有打破这种两分方法 ,运用儒家欲性、智性、仁性的三分方法 ,区分智性道德自律和仁性道德自律 ,才能从根本上解决其道德自律学说在情感问题上遇到的困难。

Another Form for LAMBDA Method

The LAMBDA method that was proposed by Teunissen is introduced. Then, on the basis of both the back-sequential conditional LS technique and the upper-triangular Cholesky decomposition, another form for LAMBDA method is proposed. This new form for LAMBDA method has the same principle and calculation speed as the traditional LAMBDA method.

On Differential Equations Describing 3-Dimensional Hyperbolic Spaces

In this paper, we introduce the notion of a （2＋1）-dimenslonal differential equation describing three-dimensional hyperbolic spaces （3-h.s.）. The （2＋1）-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation and its sister equation, the （2＋1）-dimensional coupled derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation, are shown to describe 3-h.s, The （2 ＋ 1 ）-dimensional generalized HF model：St=（1/2i[S,Sy]＋2iσS）x,σx=-1/4i tr（SSxSy）, in which S ∈ GLc（2）/GLc（1）×GLc（1）,provides another example of （2＋1）-dimensional differential equations describing 3-h.s. As a direct con-sequence, the geometric construction of an infinire number of conservation lairs of such equations is illustrated. Furthermore we display a new infinite number of conservation lairs of the （2＋1）-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation and the （2＋1）-dimensional derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation by a geometric way.

Local Data Analysis for Eliminating End Restraint of Triaxial Specimen

A data processing method was proposed for eliminating the end restraint in triaxial tests of soil. A digital image processing method was used to calculate the local deformations and local stresses for any region on the surface of triaxial soil specimens. The principle and implementation of this digital image processing method were introduced as well as the calculation method for local mechanical properties of soil specimens. Comparisons were made between the test results calculated by the data from both the entire specimen and local regions, and it was found that the deformations were more uniform in the middle region compared with the entire specimen. In order to quantify the nonuniform characteristic of deformation, the non-uniformity coefficients of strain were defined and calculated. Traditional and end-lubricated triaxial tests were conducted under the same condition to investigate the effects of using local region data for deformation calculation on eliminating the end restraint of specimens. After the statistical analysis of all test results, it was concluded that for the tested soil specimen with the size of 39.1 mm × 80 ram, the utilization of the middle 35 mm region of traditional specimens in data processing had a better effect on eliminating end restraint compared with end lubrication. Furthermore, the local data analysis in this paper was validated through the comparisons with the test results from other researchers.

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Analytical Extraction of Triphenyltin from Water

A rapid, precise, sensitive and simple method has been developed for the extraction and determination of TPT （triphenyltin）, DPT （diphenyltin） and MPT （monophenyltin） in seawater samples. The procedure is based on the use of the dual functionalization of mesoporous silica with diol and Cl6 alkane groups for the collection of TPT and its derivatives, DPT and MPT, from seawater samples, followed by ethylation of the target matrices using sodium tetraethylborate （NaBEt4） and quantification by gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection. The modified extraction method replaces conventional solid- and liquid-phase extraction with solid dispersion of silica nanoparticles. The partitioning of the analyte between a carefully size-selected silica nanoparticles （solid phase） and a liquid phase occurs as the solid moves through the sample as a colloidal sol. By tailoring the size of the particles to approximately 250 nm in diameter, they can be easily dispersed in aqueous solution, without the need for any mechanical or hand shaking and the solid can then be readily recovered, together with the analytes, by simple filtration or centrifugation. Recoveries of TPT, DPT and MPT chloride spiked matrices rang from 87.3±1.1 to 98.1±1.3 in seawater samples （n = I 1 samples）. The limit of detection obtained was typically in the range of 0.1-3 ng Sn/L. The proposed method shows excellent linearity in the range of 0.5-2 ng Sn/L and good repeatability （RSD 〈 5% at 0.02 ng TPT （as Sn）/L）. The method performance is demonstrated with real seawater samples.

Structural effects of three-dimensional angle-interlock woven composite undergoing bending cyclic loading

This paper reports the structural effects of three-dimensional(3-D)angle-interlock woven composite(3DAWC)undergoing three-point bending cyclic loading from experimental and finite element analysis(FEA)approaches.In experiment,the fatigue tests were conducted to measure the bending deflection and to observe the damage morphologies.By the FEA approach,a micro-structural unit-cell model of the 3DAWC was established at the yarn level to simulate the fatigue damage.The stress degradation at the loading condition of constant deformation amplitude was calculated to show the degradation of mechanical properties.In addition,the stress distribution,fatigue damage evolution and critical damage regions were also obtained to qualitatively reveal the structural effects and damage mechanisms of the 3DAWC subjected to three-point bending cyclic loading.

A PRECONDITIONER FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION METHODS WITH LAGRANGE MULTIPLIERS

In this paper we consider domain decomposition methods for three-dimensional elliptic problems with Lagrange multipliers, and construct a kind of simple preconditioner for the corresponding interface equation. It will be shown that condition number of the resulting preconditioned interface matrix is almost optimal.

A spherical parameterization approach based on symmetry analysis of triangular meshes

We present an efficient spherical parameterization approach aimed at simultaneously reducing area and angle dis-tortions. We generate the final spherical mapping by independently establishing two hemisphere parameterizations. The essence of the approach is to reduce spherical parameterization to a planar problem using symmetry analysis of 3D meshes. Experiments and comparisons were undertaken with various non-trivial 3D models, which revealed that our approach is efficient and robust. In particular, our method produces almost isometric parameterizations for the objects close to the sphere.