旅游管理专业“一式三化”模式人才培养实践

身在地方性高校的旅游管理专业,要更好地服务地方社会经济,为地方旅游企事业单位培养出适应旅游行业要求的应用型专门人才,就要突破原有的传统教育模式,与省城高校展开错位竞争,构建以实行"3+1"的人才培养模式、课程体系立体化、实践平台多样化及社会服务地方化为主要内容的"一式三化"应用型人才培养新体系,才能真正培养出学生综合素质好、深受社会欢迎的合格的旅游行业应用型专门人才。

经济学“三化”式课堂教学模式探索

经济学是财经管理类专业的基础必修课程,在整个教学计划体系中的地位和作用相当重要。使用传统教学模式进行教学的难度较大,学生听课积极性差,授课效果难以达到预期水平。因此,将自主化、案例化与模块化的"三化"式教学模式引入该类课程的课堂教学之中,能够有效提升经济学课程的课堂教学质量。

高职“一式三化”实践教学模式研究——以旅游管理专业为例

实践教学是高职人才培养的重要内容。"一式三化"实践教学即滚动式、体系化、过程化和基地化实践教学,是对长期的实践教学过程中的科学总结和提炼。"一式三化"实践教学模式拓展了实践教学的广度和深度,有很强的针对性和操作性,增强了学生的职业能力和职业素质,对培养高素质技能型人才发挥了重要作用。

浅析“三化一式”新模式在基层供电企业电费营销管理中的创新应用

随着我国电改现代化进程的不断推进,电网建设发展的同时也日益加剧了电力市场的有效竞争,电费管理作为电力营销的市场基础手段更是把控了供电企业的经济效益渠道。如何提升电费营销管理的质效水平,加强营销系统实现本位一体化,成为了影响企业盈亏及长远发展的关键。为保障供电企业经济效益的有效提升,本文根据云和地区实际,提出"三化一式"电费管理新模式,着重针对其在电力营销中电费管理的把控进行探讨和研究。

东海县打造“三化一式”安全宣传

安全生产,宣教先行.做好宣传教育是搞好安全生产工作的首要条件和重要环节。近年来,东海县应急管理局高度重视安全生产宣传教育工作,坚持创新探索,不断加大宣教力量和资金投入,从不同层面、多个维度开拓宣教新载体,形成具有东海特色的安全文化,为保持县域安全生产稳定向好奠定坚实的社会基础。

“三式三化”教学法在“发酵食品工艺学”教学中的应用

“发酵食品工艺学”是一门内容繁杂抽象的综合性课程,课程内容涉及多门学科,内容多且杂。为提高课程的教学质量和解决教学过程中存在问题,提出“三式三化”教学法,即启发式、研讨式和开放式教学,以及强调情景化、实践化和生产化教学,旨在调动学生在课程学习中的热情和积极性,培养学生的实践与应用能力进而实现良好的教学效果,提升学生分析和解决实际问题的能力,以及沟通协作、大胆探索创新的能力,为企业培养出满足需求的应用型人才。

浅谈实训中心机房的管理与维护

高职院校的中心机房作为培养学生信息处理能力的重要场所与教师教学重要设备,它的科学管理与维护工作中存在许多问题.作为以培养优秀的未来职业人员为办学目标的高职院校,必须建设一个配置标准化、维护规范化、管理制度化的大型中心机房.

Preparation of three-dimensional interconnected mesoporous anatase TiO_2-SiO_2 nanocomposites with high photocatalytic activities

In this article, we report the preparation of a three-dimensional（3D） interconnected mesoporous anatase TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was obtained by using an ordered two-dimensional（2D） hexagonal mesoporous anatase 70 TiO2-30 SiO2-950 nanocomposite（crystallized at 950 °C for 2 h） as a precursor, NaO H as an etchant of SiO2 via a ＂creating mesopores in the pore walls＂ approach. Our strategy adopts mild conditions of creating pores such as diluted NaO H solution, appropriate temperature and solid/liquid ratio, etc. aiming at ensuring the integrities of mesopores architecture and anatase nanocrystals. XRD, TEM and N2 sorption techniques have been used to systematically investigate the physico-chemical properties of the nanocomposites. The results show that the intrawall mesopores are highly dense and uniform（average pore size 3.6 nm）, and highly link the initial mesochannels in a 3D manner while retaining mesostructural integrity. There is no significant change to either crystallinity or size of the anatase nanocrystals before and after creating the intrawall mesopores. The photocatalytic degradation rates of rhodamine B（RhB, 0.303 min^–1） and methylene blue（MB, 0.757 min^–1） dyes on the resultant nanocomposite are very high, which are 5.1 and 5.3 times that of the precursor; even up to 16.5 and 24.1 times that of Degussa P25 photocatalyst, respectively. These results clearly demonstrate that the 3D interconnected mesopores structure plays an overwhelming role to the increments of activities. The 3D mesoporous anatase TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposite exhibits unexpected-high degradation activities to RhB and MB in the mesoporous metal oxide-based materials reported so far. Additionally, the nanocomposite is considerably stable and reusable. We believe that this method would pave the way for the preparation of other 3D highly interconnected mesoporous metal oxide-based materials with ultra-high performance.

Train driver protection under secondary impact

An EMU train with detailed cabin structural is established based on the finite element method.The secondary impact between train driver and control desk is fully analysed and two measures are proposed to reduce the driver injury severity,such as the multi-objective optimization of the driver seat position and equipping the train with three-point seat belt.Simulation results indicate that the driver seat position has a significant effect on the driver injury severity during a secondary impact.According to the multi-objective optimization,some Pareto solutions are suggested to design the driver seat position.Besides that,it is also indicated although the chest and leg are well protected when the driver wears a two-point seat belt,it increases the head injure during a secondary impact.On the other hand,the three-point seat belt can supply the train driver with an overall protection against the secondary impact.The injury criteria(HIC,VC,TI)of the driver with the three-point seat belt is significantly lower than those of the driver without seat belt.Moreover,according to the simulation analysis,the limited load of the three-point seat belt is suggested about 1.5 kN.

情境教学法在小学数学教学中的运用

根据当前数学教学的形势与变化,对“三化三式”(悬念化、游戏化、生活化、对比式、题组式、拓展式)六种情境教学法的综合运用进行分析与研究。

Squeezing Transformation of Three-Mode Entangled State

We introduce the three-mode entangled state and set up an experiment to generate it. Then we discuss the three-mode squeezing operator squeezed ｜p, X2, X3〉→μ^-3/2｜p/μ, X2/μ, X3/μ） and the optical implement to realize such a squeezed state. We also reveal that c-number .asymmetric shrink transform in the three-mode entangled state, i.e. ｜p, X2,X3）→μ^-1/2｜p/μ, X2,X3）, maps onto a kind of one-sided three-mode squeezing operator {iλ （∑i^3=1 Pi） （∑i^3=1 Qi） -λ/2}. Using the technique of integration within an ordered product （IWOP） of operators, we derive their normally ordered forms and construct the corresponding squeezed states.

Research on dynamic updating of three dimensional geological modeling based on the OO-Solid model

The dynamic updating of the model included: the change of space border,addi- tion and reduction of spatial component (disappearing,dividing and merging),the change of the topological relationship and synchronous dynamic updating of database.Firstly, arming at the deficiency of OO-Solid model in the aspect of dynamic updating,modeling primitives of OO-Solid model were modified.And then the algorithms of dynamic updating of 3D geological model with the node data,line data or surface data change were dis- cussed.The core algorithms was done by establishing space index,following the way of facing the object from bottom to top,namely the dynamic updating from the node to arc, and then to polygon,then to the face of the component and finally to the geological object. The research has important theoretical and practical values in the field of three dimen- sional geological modeling and is significant in the field of mineral resources.

Changes of Soil Labile Organic Carbon in Different Land Uses in Sanjiang Plain, Heilongjiang Province

In the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China,the natural wetland is undergoing a rapid conversion into agricultural land,which has resulted in drastic ecological changes in the region. To investigate the effects of different land uses on soil labile organic carbon,soils of Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland,Carex lasiocarpa wetland,dry farmland,paddy field,forest land and abandoned cultivated land were collected for measuring the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC),dissolved organic carbon (DOC),readily oxidizable carbon (ROC) and carbohydrate carbon (CHC). The results show that soil organic carbon contents follow the order: Carex lasiocarpa wetland>Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland>forest land>paddy field>dry farmland. The contents of MBC and DOC in Calamagrostis angustifolia and Carex lasiocarpa wetlands are significantly higher than those in other land use types. The contents of CHC and ROC are the highest in Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland and the lowest in dry farmland. The contents of all the labile organic carbon increase along with the years of abandonment of cultivated land. The ratios of MBC,DOC and ROC to SOC also follow the order: Carex lasiocarpa wetland>Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland>forest land>paddy field>dry farmland,while the ratio of CHC to SOC is paddy field>forest field>Carex lasiocarpa wetland>Carex lasiocarpa wetland>dry farmland. When natural wetlands were cultivated,the activity of soil organic carbon tends to reduce in some extent due to the disappearance of heterotrophic environment and the reduction of vegetation residue. Thus,the abandonment of cultivated land is an effective way for restoring soil organic carbon.

Transfer and Reaction Performances of Selective Catalytic Reduction of NzO with CO over Monolith Catalysts

This work tries to identify the relationship between geometric configuration of monolith catalysts, and transfer and reaction performances for selective catalytic reduction of N2O with CO. Monolith catalysts with five different channel shapes (circle, regular triangle, rectangle, square and hexagon), was investigated to make a comprehensive comparison of their pressure drop, heat transfer Nu number, mass transfer Sh number and N2O conversion. It was found that monolith catalysts have a much lower pressure drop than that of traditional packed bed, and for monolith catalysts with different channel shapes, pressure drop decreases in the order of regular triangle > rectangle > square > hexagon > circle. The order of Nu is in regular triangle > rectangle ≈ square > hexagon > circle, similar to that of Sh. N2O conversion follows the order of regular triangle > rectangular ≈ square ≈ circle > hexagon. The results indicate that chemical reaction including internal diffusion is the controlling step in the selective catalytic reduction of N2O removal with CO. In addition, channel size and gas velocity also have influence on N2O conversion and pressure drop.

A paradigm-based evolution of chemical engineering

A short presentation of chemical engineering evolution,as guided by its paradigms,is exposed.The first paradigm–unit operations–has emerged as a necessity of systematization due to the explosion of chemical industrial applications at the end of 19th century.The birth in the late 1950s of the second paradigm–transport phenomena–was the consequence of the need for a deep,scienti fic knowledge of the phenomena that explain what happens inside of unit operations.In the second part of 20th century,the importance of chemical product properties and qualities has become essentially in the market fights.Accordingly,it was required with additional and even new fundamental approaches,and product engineering was recognized as the third paradigm.Nowadays chemical industry,as a huge materials and energy consumer,and with a strong ecological impact,couldn't remain outside of sustainability requirements.The basics of the fourth paradigm–sustainable chemical engineering–are now formulated.

Diagnostic model construction and example analysis of habitat degradation in enclosed bay: II. spatiotemporal variations in habitat degradation in Sansha Bay

The process of habitat degradation varies in habitat type and driving force which shows certain spatial and temporal heterogeneity on regional scales. In the present study, a new diagnostic model for enclosed bay habitat degradation was established, with which the spatial and temporal variation patterns of habitat degradation during 1991–2012 in Sansha Bay, Fujian, China was investigated. The results show that anthropogenic disturbance is the major controlling factor for the habitat degradation in large temporal heterogeneity in the bay. On the other hand, the habitat degradation experienced signifi cant spatial variations among six sub-bays. Under the joint action of temporal and spatial heterogeneity, the degradation trend in growing scale shows a more signifi cant correlation with the distribution of local leading industries along shorelines. Therefore, we quantifi ed the main characters of habitat degradation in Sansha Bay, and have understood the relationship between the status of habitats spatio-temporal variation value and the main controlling factor leading to the changes. However, a defi ciency of this research is the lack of or inaccessible to the detailed data, which shall be better solved in the future study for accessing more data from more sources.

Three-Stage Six-Step Flue-Curing Technology for Viginia Tobacco Leaves and Its Application in China

In order to overcome the problem that the leaf yellowing stage in tobacco curing reduces the fragrance of the product, this study introduced the principle and key parameters of a three-stage six-step curing technology. The field trail was conducted in Wulong county of Chongqing city in 2010, and Virginia K326 was the tested cultivar. The middle leaves were harvested and plaited after maturity, and then cured with the three-stage six-step curing technology and traditional three-stage curing technology, respectively. Three replicates were established for each of the two curing technologies. Then, chemical constituents, aromatic substances and smoking quality were analyzed. The results show that compared with the traditional three-stage curing technology, the three-stage six-step curing technology produces more suitable ratios of chemical constituents, higher aromatic component content and higher smoking quality grade of tobacco leaves. Therefore, the continuous improvement of corollary equipment and matching technologies is expected to widen the applications of the three-stage six-step curing technology in tobacco and provide a strong technical support for the development of the tobacco industry.

Raman Scattering Study on Vibrational Modes and .Structure of Lanthanum Tellurite Glasses

Raman spectra of xLa203-（1-x）TeO2 （x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25） lanthanum tellurite glasses were measured and analyzed over the entire glass-forming region in an effort to quantitatively follow the structural changes caused by lanthanum oxide variation. For the first time, systematic intensity measurements have been performed to elucidate the composition induced structural changes in tile high-frequency stretching vibration region and a possible mechanism was proposed. The network structure of the glasses is formed by mixing TeO4 trigonal bipyramid and Te03 trigonal pyramid units. The change of the lanthanum oxide content results in conversion of the TeO4 units to TeO3 units with a varying number of non-bridging oxygen atoms. Analysis of the Raman band contours in terms of vibrations due to different oxygen bridged trigonal bipyramid and trigonal pyramid tellurite structural units, allowed to calculate the relative amounts of the species involved in the structural changes with composition. The fraction of the terminal oxygen atoms has been estimated from the Raman intensities with the aid of a structural model concerning the structure of tellurite network systems. The simulation of the experimental density of lanthanum tellurite glasses with modifier content up to 25% revealed that the short range order building units assumed here are sufficient to account for the overall structure in these glasses.

Research on Optimization wharf Structure Type of Triangle frame pier

Based on optimization wharf structure type of triangle flame pier proposed, namely＂ Spatial triangular flame pier ＋ Big span bent which taking Slant supports＂ Simulating three-dimensional pier model of a variety of conditions in the actual loading by structural finite element software. Under the guidance of the three-dimensional structure of the most unfavorable load combination algorithm, three-dimensional combination algorithm is applied to the new structure by the MATLAB software programming. Search and calculate the most unfavorable combination of action effects and the corresponding intemal force of the main member, checking the feasibility of the three-dimensional algorithms, Calculating the new wharf structure structural features and stability, Providing numerical reference for the design of this sort of wharf.

A comparison of atmospheric CO_2 concentration GOSAT-based observations and model simulations

Satellite observations of atmospheric CO2 are able to truly capture the variation of global and regional CO2 concentration.The model simulations based on atmospheric transport models can also assess variations of atmospheric CO2 concentrations in a continuous space and time,which is one of approaches for qualitatively and quantitatively studying the atmospheric transport mechanism and spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric CO2 in a global scale.Satellite observations and model simulations of CO2 offer us two different approaches to understand the atmospheric CO2.However,the difference between them has not been comprehensively compared and assessed for revealing the global and regional features of atmospheric CO2.In this study,we compared and assessed the spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric CO2 using two datasets of the column-averaged dry air mole fractions of atmospheric CO2(XCO2)in a year from June 2009 to May 2010,respectively from GOSAT retrievals(V02.xx)and from Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry(GEOS-Chem),which is a global 3-D chemistry transport model.In addition to the global comparison,we further compared and analyzed the difference of CO2 between the China land region and the United States(US)land region from two datasets,and demonstrated the reasonability and uncertainty of satellite observations and model simulations.The results show that the XCO2 retrieved from GOSAT is globally lower than GEOS-Chem model simulation by 2 ppm on average,which is close to the validation conclusion for GOSAT by ground measures.This difference of XCO2 between the two datasets,however,changes with the different regions.In China land region,the difference is large,from 0.6 to 5.6 ppm,whereas it is 1.6 to 3.7 ppm in the global land region and 1.4 to 2.7 ppm in the US land region.The goodness of fit test between the two datasets is 0.81 in the US land region,which is higher than that in the global land region(0.67)and China land region(0.68).The analysis results further indicate that the inconsistency of CO2concentration between satellite observations and model simulations in China is larger than that in the US and the globe.This inconsistency is related to the GOSAT retrieval error of CO2 caused by the interference among input parameters of satellite retrieval algorithm,and the uncertainty of driving parameters in GEOS-Chem model.