籼型三系杂交水稻不育系主要农艺性状配合力及遗传力分析

8个不育系和4个恢复系,采用不完全双列杂交试验设计(NCII设计),对8个农艺性状进行配合力、遗传力分析。结果表明,不同性状在两生态区的表现基本一致,大多数性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差均达显著或极显著水平,在株高、播始历期、收获指数、千粒重、结实率和穗实粒数上,加性效应起到主要作用,而单穗重和小区产量在两生态区的表现不一致,单穗重在南充点以加性效应为主,在温江点为加性效应和非加性效应共同作用,小区产量在南充点以非加性效应为主,在温江点却以加性效应为主。除单穗重外,其余性状在两生态区均以母本的贡献较大;南充点单穗重以父本的作用较大,温江点父母本的作用基本相当。各性状在两试验点的广义遗传力均较高,在南充点狭义遗传力除小区产量较低外,其余均较高,在温江点,狭义遗传力以结实率、千粒重、收获指数、播始历期和株高较高,而小区产量、穗实粒数和单穗重中等。

三系杂交稻及其亲本抗病虫性观察

本文通过三系杂交稻及其亲本与常规品种比较，观察其间全生育过程对主要病虫的抗感反应．结果表明，杂交稻汕优６号与常规品种相比，除执白背飞虱反应型差外，无其他显著缺点，当前有实用价值，基于ＩＲ—２６（父本）对主要病虫在现不良，故杂交选配亲本时，应重视双亲性状；同时，指出混栽地区病虫防治应注意的事项．

水稻新品种——丰优22

丰优22系粤丰Ax扬恢22杂交育成的籼型三系稻，2006年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。漳平市于2008、2009年连续在中、晚稻进行示范。表现抗性中等、优质、高产，种植面积达1800亩，一般中稻亩产600公斤．烟后稻和连作晚稻亩产500公斤左右。

Genetic and Correlation Analysis of Grain Characters in Three-line Hybrid Rice

Abst[Objective] This study was to understand the genetic dynamics of three-line hybrid rice, and explore the respective effect of sterile line and restoring line on grain characters of hybrid rica. [Method] Four three-line stedle lines and 27 restoring lines（cultivars） commonly culti- vated in Central China region were regarded as expadmental materials to conduct 4 x27NCII cross design, and the grain characters of three-line hybrid rico were analyzed at genetic and correlation levels. [ Result] Four characters of grain length, grain width, 1 000-grain weight and length- width ratio play the leading role in additive gene effect; these four characters were simultaneously influenced by male parent and female parent, but the effect from male parent was relatively larger. The grain length, grain width, 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio all have high brood hedtabUities（ respectively 99.65%, 98.31%, 95.27% and 98.81% ）. Correlation analysis showed that grain length was positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio at extremely significant level; 1 000-grain weight was positively correlated with grain length and length- width ratio at extremely significant level, and was insignificantly correlated with grain width; grain width was negatively correlated with grain length and length-width ratio at extremely significant level. Path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients of grain length, grain width and 1 0（30- grain weight to length-width ratio were 0.624 6, -0.555 9 and -0.015 8, respectively. [ Conclusion] This study systematically analyzed the effects of stedle line and restoring line on grain characters of hybrid rice, which provided theoretical basis for breeding high quality and yield hy- brid dce.

野香优676特征特性及绿色高产栽培技术

野香优676是由福建兴禾种业科技有限公司、福建省农业科学院水稻研究所、广西绿海种业有限公司、福建禾丰种业股份有限公司用不育系野香A与福恢676配制而成的籼型三系杂交水稻新品种,2017年通过福建省农作物品种审定。2015年由武夷山市吴屯乡农业技术推广站引进并在吴屯乡后源、岭根村作生态绿色稻示范推广。总结了野香优676示范表现及绿色高产栽培技术。

Analysis of Heterosis, Combining Ability and Heritability of Cadmium Content in Brown Rice of Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice

Five cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） lines were used as parents in an incomplete diallet cross and six restorer lines of rice design （Nc II design）. Thirty hybrid combinations with the same growth period were selected as experimental ma- terials to investigate the heterosis, combined ability and heredity of Cd content in brown rice of indica hybrid rice. According to the results, Cd content in brown rice showed a significantly negative heterosis; the general combining ability and specific combination ability of Cd content in CMS and restorer lines both reached extremely significant level （P〈0.01）, indicating that both genetic improvement of parents and e- valuation of combinations are important to the breeding of hybrid combinations with low accumulation of Cd; the broad-sense heritabitity and narrow-sense heritability of Cd content were both relatively high with slight differences, which respectively reached 97.73% and 80.10%, indicating that Cd content in brown rice mainly de- pends on the additive action of genes; in addition, parent improvement showed bet- ter effect on the selection of early generation.

中优85高产制种技术

中优85是四川省种子公司和中国水稻所等单位选育的一个三系杂稻新组合，通过在南方稻区多年试验示范，表现高产、稳产、适应性广，具有超高产生产潜力，米质迭国标3级。2003～2005年分别通过贵州省、云南省、国家农作物品种审定委员会审定，适宜在南方稻区，长江上游、中下游稻区以及河南南部稻区的稻瘟病、白叶枯病轻发区作一季中稻种植。2005-2006年在黔东南三穗县对中优85进行大面积制种，获得250kg／667m^2产量，本文重点介绍了该组合的高产制种技术。

Varietal differences in photosynthetic characters and chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics parameters among intergeneric progeny derived from Oryza×Sorghum, its parents, and hybrid rice

A comparative study on the photosynthetic parameters among intergeneric progenies derived from \%Oryza sativa\% L.×\%Sorghum vulgare\% L., its maternal parent Gui 630 and commercial 3\|line hybrid rice Shanyou 63 in pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted. The morphological and photosynthetic characters of canopy leaves and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters including \%F\%\-v/\%F\%\-m, \%F\%\-v/\%F\%\-0, photochemical quenching coefficient and non\|photochemical coefficient of canopy leaves of 3 varieties were measured. The results showed the progeny, Yuanyou 1, derived from an intergeneric cross of rice and sorghum possesses better canopy spatial architecture with thicker, heavier and bigger canopy leaf than its maternal parent Gui 630. Higher photosynthetic rate due to higher chlorophyll content, higher primary energy transformation efficiency, potential of PSII and non\|photochemical quenching coefficient (\%q\%\-E) were also measured in Yuanyou 1. These explain partly why the intergeneric progeny has higher biomass production, and better tolerance to adverse conditions and higher field yields even under stress conditions.

Breeding of High Quality Indica CMS Line Xinlong A

Xinlong A was a high quality indica CMS line developed with early rice intermediate material 05Zao20(Zhouyou 903/Zhong9B F6)as female parent and IR58025B/Q96 F4 as male parent,Jin23A was then used as female parent for test crossing with BC,and backcrossed and bred with complete fertility and abortion lines.The male sterile line had the characteristics of good agronomic characters,strong combining ability,good resistance,high yield and good quality which reaches gradeⅡstandard of national high quality rice.It showed broad prospects and was technically identified in Jiangxi Province in 2017.

Hybrid Rice Research and Development in China and Its New Progress

Hybrid rice's history and its development up to date are described in the paper. Compared with the conventional rice, hybrid rice can increase grain yield by about 20%. Hybrid rice breeding in China has been advancing along the three-line method, to two-line method, to super high-yielding rice application strategically and its success in higher degree will be seen by the utilization of distant heterosis cooperated with biotechnology.

High-yielding Seed Production Techniques of New Hybrid Rice Combination-Chuanxiang No.2058

Chuanxiang No.2058 is a new combination of three-line late indica hybrid rice bred based on sterile line Chuanxiang 29A and restorer Qiannanhui No.2058. In order to promote its application, seed production techniques of Chuanxiang No.2058 were explored during 2009-2010. The research detailed the seed production tech- niques from selection of seed production bases, rational arrangement of sowing gap stage, seedling cultivation in different stages, scientific arrangement of male/female parents, management of fertilizer and water, adjustment of florescence, artificial pol- lination, comprehensive treatment of disease and pest damages, and timely control- ling of abnormal and poorly-qualified rice.

Vegetable Production After Flooded Rice Improves Soil Properties in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

Vegetable production in South East Asia often is in rotation with flooded rice. The puddling of the soil with flooded rice production may result in unfavourable soil conditions for the subsequent production of dry land crops. To establish whether permanent vegetable production results in favourable soil conditions for vegetables, the effects of five different permanent vegetable production systems and a system of vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice on soil properties after flooded rice were studied in a 2-year field experiment. Bulk density at 0.05–0.10 m depth layer decreased with permanent vegetable production and vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice. The decrease in bulk density was influenced by the application of organic manure and rice husks, and especially by the number of crops cultivated, suggesting that frequency of soil tillage had a major effect on bulk density. Ploughing with buffalo traction after flooded rice, in combination with construction of raised beds, could reduce or totally eliminate negative effects of puddling on soil structure. Bulk density at 0.15–0.20 m soil depth was not influenced. Soil acidity decreased significantly in all systems. Soil organic carbon increased in all systems, but significant increase was only found in two permanent vegetable production systems. Available phosphorus(P) significantly increased in two permanent vegetable production systems, with a positively correlation to the amount of P applied. The significant decrease in bulk density and increase in p H(H2O), after only 2 years, showed that soil conditions after flooded rice could be improved in a short time under intensive vegetable production.