基于固定扫描点的建筑物三维测量方法

提出一种基于固定激光扫描点的三角投影法测量建筑物大目标三维尺寸的方法。利用线结 构光旋转扫描形面和对投影图像进行处理分析,实现三维重建和测量。导出了三维几何尺寸的计算公式,进行了仿真实验,获得满意的数据。在进行建筑物等大目标三维测量时,不需激光器和传感器平行移动,减少误差来源,提高精度,方便可行。

基于双目数据融合的三维测量方法

针对传统三维测量方法在图像处理中存在的结构复杂、实现过程繁琐、精准率低等缺点,提出一种基于双目数据融合的三维测量方法。该方法结合单目或双目摄像机与线结构光进行结合测量,对得到的数据进行融合,得到更加精准的数据,并应用于图像滤波中。实验结果表明,相较于传统算法该算法的滤波精度高。

三维人体测量方法的研究

人体测量是服装结构设计中正确把握人体特征的必要手段。分析了传统手工人体测量方法的优缺点，阐述了三维人体测量的意义和在当今服装业中开发应用的必要性和紧迫性，并对三维人体测量的各种方法作比较，提出它们发展的主要方向。

多光刀三维轮廓快速测量方法研究

提出了一种三维自由曲面多光刀快速测量方案 ,阐述了此方法的测量原理 ,讨论了多光刀阵列的实现方法 ,分析了影响其测试精度的主要因素 提出了采用虚拟网格标定法对各光刀分别进行标定 ,以及运用光刀编码的方法实现对复杂自由曲面测量的方法 ,结果表明

三维几何形态测量方法在石制品分析中的应用

几何形态测量方法是生物学研究中用于形态特征分析和形态比较研究的一种常用方法。其核心思想是利用空间坐标点获取研究对象的形态数据,再通过坐标数据的多元统计分析,定量探讨研究对象的形态特征及影响其形态变异的因素。近年来,随着三维扫描技术的广泛应用以及对于石制品形态特征量化分析要求的提高,基于三维模型的几何形态测量方法开始出现在相关的旧石器考古研究中。本文首先对三维几何形态测量分析方法及其在石制品研究中的应用情况进行介绍,随后具体阐述了该方法的分析流程。为便于国内学者更好地了解这一方法,本文进一步以广西百色盆地南坡山遗址发现的手斧为例,利用三维几何形态测量方法对这些手斧的几何形态特征进行了初步探讨。三维几何形态测量方法为石制品形态研究提供了新思路和新视角,有望成为今后中国旧石器考古研究中一个重要的发展方向。

面部三维影像测量在口腔正畸中的应用

目的对口腔正畸诊断与治疗中面部三维影像测量方法的应用价值进行分析。方法选取2011年5月至2013年7月接受口腔正畸治疗患者34例,所有患者均利用利用kaVo 3D eXam中视野锥形束计算机体层X线拍摄机进行拍摄,在高分辨率下进行扫描重建并利用NEW TOM NNT软件展开图像重建与分析。结果 34例患者中16例为尖牙易位阻生,7例有上颌窦下坠对牙齿移动造成影响,11例中切牙埋伏阻生。利用锥形束CT(CBCT)可对异位牙与阻生牙程度、牙根形态等加以展示,对异位牙和邻牙空间位置关系、牙根吸收情况、上颌后牙牙根和上颌窦间位置关系等准确展示。结论在口腔正畸诊断与治疗中,应用面部三维影像测量方法可促使口腔正畸中诊断准确性大幅提高,同时能够为制定正畸治疗计划与计划具体实施提供有力指导。

Measurements and Terminology of Different Measure Methods

Body measuring is very important for garment sizing and pattern making. In this paper, we study the difference of the landmarks between the traditional method and 3D scanner and we also select the 19 circumference measurements,29 height and length measurements, 18 breadth and depth measurements and 3 other measurements, which are quite important in fashion body measuring, to compare the terminology of them in these two measuring method. 3D scanners seem better than the traditional method on these aspects, which are the number of measurements, speed,privacy and data accuracy, but they are limited on measuring posture. And there is no uniform standard for the scanners and the definitions of the measurements in the scanners are diversified.

Simulation of seafloor electrical resistivity measuring equipment based on 3D finite element method

In order to explore the mineral resources buried in sea mud,it is necessary to use seabed resistivity measuring equipment,which works closer to the sediments than ordinary ship-based geophysical measuring equipment. Because of the harsh environment of seafloor,high pressure and highly conductive seawater,marine magnetotelluric method developed slowly. The sea floor environment is similar to the environment of logging, According to the design of dual lateral logging equipment,a new equipment for seafloor electrical resistivity measurement is designed. Four 3D FEM models that contain resistivity abnormal targets are built to test the ability of this equipment to locate different shape of shallow buried resistivity abnormal targets in sea mud. The authors propose the method to correct the response curve while the bottom surface of this equipment is suspended or not parallel to the seafloor. The resistivity of targets can be calculated accurately.

内固定器对人体颈椎运动生物力学性能的影响

在失稳颈椎内安装固定器后,其稳定性的生物力学评价是医学研究的一个重要课题。该文提出了一种双目三维光学精密运动测量方法对其进行评价。采用该方法分别对保存良好的人体颈椎标本在失稳、内固定以及疲劳3种状态下的三维运动情况(包括前屈、后伸、左侧弯、右侧弯4种运动)进行了测量,并以每种运动情况下的颈椎C 1-C 2节相互旋转角度衡量其内固定的效果。实验结果表明,内固定后颈椎的旋转角度明显小于失稳时的旋转角度;内固定后模拟远期效果的疲劳加载后测试结果证实内固定的效果仍然是可靠的。

A correction method of color projection fringes in 3D contour measurement

In the three-dimensional(3D) contour measurement,the phase shift profilometry(PSP) method is the most widely used one.However,the measurement speed of PSP is very low because of the multiple projections.In order to improve the measurement speed,color grating stripes are used for measurement in this paper.During the measurement,only one color sinusoidal fringe is projected on the measured object.Therefore,the measurement speed is greatly improved.Since there is coupling or interference phenomenon between the adjacent color grating stripes,a color correction method is used to improve the measurement results.A method for correcting nonlinear error of measurement system is proposed in this paper,and the sinusoidal property of acquired image after correction is better than that before correction.Experimental results show that with these correction methods,the measurement errors can be reduced.Therefore,it can support a good foundation for the high-precision 3D reconstruction.

呼和浩特白塔机场新建航站楼的变形监测

介绍了白塔机场新建航站楼的工程概况,提出了白塔机场新建航站楼变形监测方案,分析了变形监测精度,给出了航站楼变形监测部分结果。

A 3D measurement method based on multi-view fringe projection by using a turntable

In order to get the entire data in the optical measurement, a multi-view three-dimensional(3D) measurement method based on turntable is proposed. In the method, a turntable is used to rotate the object and obtain multi-view point cloud data, and then multi-view point cloud data are registered and integrated into a 3D model. The measurement results are compared with that of the sticking marked point method. Experimental results show that the measurement process of the proposed method is simpler, and the scanning speed and accuracy are improved.