工业测量全站仪坐标测量精度检定方法

全站仪坐标测量在航空航天、大型设备制造业、特种异形工程和计量检测等领域有广泛应用,其坐标测量误差是最受关注的精度指标。与激光跟踪仪、关节臂等坐标测量技术不同,全站仪的标称精度指标并未直接给出点位坐标误差,而是分别给定测角和测距误差。由于国内外目前还缺乏将测角和测距精度对应到坐标精度的相应规范,这就导致不能直观反映全站仪的实际坐标测量精度,给具体测量工作的坐标精度估算带来一定难度。基于以上现状,提出了基于点对点长度测量和三维坐标测量误差的检定模型;并利用3种不同类型的工业测量全站仪进行了实验测试,验证了该检定模型的可行性。

基于一阶径向畸变算法的双目摄像机多位姿标定方法

双目立体视觉中在对物体进行三维测量或精准定位时,需要对摄像机进行标定以获得其内外参数。研究径向畸变摄像机模型,构造了基于一阶径向畸变(RAC)算法的双目摄像机内外参数线性求解公式。考虑侧倾角、旋转角、俯仰角以及透镜的主要畸变因素,修正了传统RAC标定法中只考虑径向畸变、部分参数需要先验值的缺陷。利用标定所得内、外参数进行了多位姿双目摄像机三维重构实验。实验结果表明,该标定方法重投影误差分布在[-0.3,0.3],动态识别结果与实际运行轨迹重合率为96%,对降低双目立体视觉三维测量误差率有积极性影响。

Simulation of droplet topography on superhydrophobic surface

We established a novel droplet model (with-gravity model) to show the gravity effect of the droplet in the contact angle experiment.By using with-gravity model, we obtained a three-dimensional topography of the droplet including the height of the droplet, the shape of the baseline and the circumference of the baseline.Comparing the with-gravity model with the ideal spherical model, our model considered the measurement error caused by gravity effect in the contact angle experiment which is a key point to influence the three-dimension topography of the droplet.From the calculation of our model, we found that there were two important points to enhance the measurement error: the size of the droplet and the contact angle.With the droplet and the contact angle became larger, measurement error was obviously increased.