三步调衡手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症疗效观察

目的观察三步调衡手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法应用三步调衡手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症患者41例,采用中文版Oswestry功能障碍指数(CODI)对临床疗效进行评价和随访观察,并对比观察椎体滑脱的变化情况。结果 CODI评分治疗前为(29.5±4.8)分,疗程结束为(9.9±5.3)分,改善率8.7%～93.5%,平均66.7%。根据疗效标准评价,优11例,良19例,可7例,差4例,总有效率90%,优良率73%。37例随访3个月,CODI评分(13.3±4.6)分,综合满意度优良率为76%(28/37),2例复发占5%。治疗前后滑脱程度比较,1例Ⅱ度滑脱变为Ⅰ度,2例Ⅰ度滑脱椎体序列恢复正常,其余病例滑脱分度无改变。结论三步调衡手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症有良好的近期效果;手法的作用机制不是以椎体复位为基础,而可能与腰椎动态平衡和稳定的重建有关。

三步调衡手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的疗效

目的观察三步调衡手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法选取60例退行性腰椎滑脱症患者,分成两组,每组30例,分别以三步调衡手法(观察组)和飞燕、拱桥法功能锻炼(对照组)进行治疗。两组均采用VAS评分及改良的中文版Oswestry功能障碍指数(CODI)对临床疗效进行评价和随访2个月观察,分别记录治疗后2、4、6、8周VAS评分及治疗后4、8周的CODI,并于8周后复查X线片观察腰椎滑脱的变化。结果两组治疗后VAS评分、CODI与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义,观察组治疗2、4周后的VAS评分明显低于对照组;观察组治疗4、8周后的CODI均低于对照组;两组治疗8周后复查X线比较,腰椎滑脱分度的改变上差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三步调衡手法对退行性腰椎滑脱症的近期疗效满意。

3Y/3Y连接型变极电机“三层调衡绕组”研究

针对典型3Y/3Y连接型移相变极调速电机中相内支路之间的不平衡问题,提出"三层调衡绕组"的概念,详细说明绕组可调衡时定子槽数和两个极对数之间应满足的关系。在"三层调衡绕组"槽号相位图的基础上,详细阐述构造此类绕组的具体步骤及其谐波分析方法。同时,将对旋风机上的驱动电机作为原型电机,按照相关设计参数建立新型调衡绕组电机的瞬态有限元仿真模型,通过计算得到不同转速下电机气隙磁场的分布情况及相关性能曲线,并对各次谐波磁动势含量的理论计算结果与仿真分析结果进行比较,最后完成样机相关性能测试试验。仿真及试验结果都进一步证明了绕组调衡方法的有效性。

三步调衡法治疗颈性眩晕64例

目的本研究旨在探讨三步调衡手法治疗颈性眩晕的临床疗效。方法采用随机单盲对照的方案分组,对128例颈性眩晕的患者随机分为2组,治疗组采用三步调衡手法治疗。对照组运用卧位牵引治疗,4周后对比临床效果。结果治疗组愈显率为90.62%,对照组愈显率34.37%,组间相比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论三步调衡手法治疗颈性眩晕临床效果显著。

薛氏三步调衡法治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的:探讨薛氏三步调衡法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法:根据随机数字表法将90例腰椎间盘突出症患者分成观察组和对照组。对照组给予常规推拿治疗,观察组则给予薛氏三步调衡法治疗。比较两组腰椎间盘突出症患者临床疗效、症状改善时间、活动障碍解除时间、疼痛消失时间;治疗前后患者日本骨科协会评估治疗评分(Japanese orthopaedic association scores,JOA)、日常生活能力(activities of daily living,ADL)评分、生存质量健康调查简表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)评分和疼痛评分;不良反应发生率。结果:观察组腰椎间盘突出症干预有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组症状改善时间、活动障碍解除时间、疼痛消失时间显著优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组JOA评分、ADL评分、SF-36评分和疼痛评分显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均无严重不良反应发生。结论:薛氏三步调衡法治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果确切,可有效改善症状,缓解疼痛,促进腰椎功能改善和活动能力提高,改善患者生存质量,安全有效。

Thermodynamic model for equilibrium solubility of gibbsite in concentrated NaOH solutions

The thermodynamic properties of the most important NaOH-NaAI（OH）4-H20 system in Bayer process for alumina production were investigated. A theoretical model for calculating the equilibrium constant of gibbsite dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution was proposed. New Pitzer model parameters and mixing parameters for the system NaOH-NaAI（OH）4-H20 were yielded and tested in the temperature range of 298.15-373.15 K. The results show that the proposed model for calculating the equilibrium constant of gibbsite dissolution is applicable and accurate. The obtained Pitzer model parameters of β（0）（NaAl（OH）4）、β（1）（NaAl（OH）4）和CΦ（NaAl（OH）4）,Al（OH）4 for NaAI（OH）4, the binary mixing parameter of θ（OH-Al（OH）4-） with OH-, and the ternary mixing parameter of ψ（Na＋OH-Al（OH）4-） for AI（OH）4- with OH- and Na＋ are temperature-dependent. The prediction of the equilibrium solubility of gibbsite dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution was feasible in the temperature range of 298.15-373.15 K.

“权-鉴-衡”运轴三法辨治脑病考析

脑病涵盖范围广泛,病因病机复杂多端,为临证辨治带来诸多困难。从思维方式入手,以临床实际为基础,结合中医整体观念和辨证论治理论,对"肾(命门)-脾胃-肝-脑"轴进行了初步探讨,认为"肾(命门)-脾胃-肝-脑"轴是脑病辨治的中心环节,提出"权-鉴-衡"运轴三法,即调肝疏运、理脾健运、补肾扶运,为中医脑病的辨治提供思路与方法。

STUDY ON THE THREE PHASE EQUILIBRIA OF ETHANOL WATER 4A MOLECULAR SIEVE

Vapor liquid solid three phase equilibria of ethanol water 4A molecular sieve system are studied experimentally and theoritically. It is proved that the addition of adsorbent does not change the equilibrium relation between vapor and bulk liquid phase. A calculation procedure is proposed to predict vapor liquid solid (adsorbent) three phase euquilibria.

Phase equilibria in Mg-rich corner of Mg-Ca-RE(RE=Gd,Nd) systems at 400℃

The phase equilibria in Mg-rich corner of Mg-Ca-Gd and Mg-Ca-Nd ternary systems at 400℃ were determined through the equilibrated alloy method by using XRD, SEM, EPMA and DSC. Partial isothermal sections in Mg-rich corner of Mg-Ca-Gd and Mg-Ca-Nd ternary systems at 400 ℃ were constructed from 13 alloys. A three-phase region of a-Mg, Mg41RE5 and Mg2Ca was determined in both ternary systems. It is formed by a similar ternary eutectic reaction L→a-Mg＋Mg2Ca＋Mg41RE5 at 499.6 ℃ and 505.6 ℃, respectively. It is found that the maximum solubility of Ca in Mg5Gd is 3.68% （molar fraction） and 3% of Gd can be dissolved in Mg2Ca in the Mg-Ca-Gd system at 400 ℃. While in the Mg-Ca-Nd system, the maximum solubility of Ca in Mg41Nd5 is 3.57% and 1.24% of Nd can be dissolved in Mg2Ca at 400 ℃. Other three-phase equilibria existing in Mg-rich corner of Mg-Ca-Gd system are a-Mg＋MgsGd＋T and MgsGd＋Mg2Ca＋T and the three-phase equilibrium in Mg-rich corner of Mg-Ca-Nd system is Mg3Nd＋Mg2Ca＋ Mg41Nd5.

Compound structure analysis of a new chaotic system

This paper analyzes the compound attractor structure of a new three-dimensional autonomous chaotic system. First, it is found that there exist five equilibria in the chaotic system, and the stabilities of these equilibria are discussed under a constant scalar control input parameter m. Secondly, the trajectories of the attractors on a y-z plane are examined, the reasons why these trajectories can exist or disappear are also described. Finally, the forming procedure of the different scrolls chaotic attractor is explored by computer simulations when the parameter m is varied. It is shown that the new chaotic attractor has a compound structure, it can evolve to other three-dimensional autonomous chaotic systems. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation are helpful for better understanding of other similar chaotic systems.

中国股票市场的信息测量与分析——基于771只上证A股的市场微观结构研究

依托上交所启动市价委托机制以及股票被ST的"自然实验",本文分析了成交(未成交)委托的价格发现作用,测量了成交(未成交)委托不平衡中的私有信息含量和信息不对称程度。研究发现:其一,启动市价委托机制前,成交委托中的信息含量居多,约40.75%,未成交委托中的信息含量只有0.46%。其二,启动市价委托机制后,成交委托和未成交委托中的私有信息含量均显著上升,分别净增加约11.5%和5.0%;而信息不对称程度均显著下降,分别净下降约14.8%和3.5%。其三,ST股票的成交委托和未成交委托中的私有信息含量比正常股票分别净增加2.6%和54.2%;信息不对称程度因ST效应净增加约35.0%,但未成交委托的信息不对称程度下降并不显著。这为我国证券市场透明化建设提供了定量依据。

Ternary compounds and solid-state phase equilibria in Mg-rich side of Mg-Zn-Ca system at 300 ℃

The phase equilibria and compositions in Mg-rich side at 300 ℃ were investigated in Mg-Zn-Ca ternary system through the equilibrated alloy method by using scanning electron microscopy,electron probe microanalysis,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that two ternary compounds T1 and T2 can be in equilibrium with the Mg-based solid solution in Mg-Zn-Ca system.T1 phase is a linear compound with the composition region（molar fraction） of 15% Ca,20.5%-48.9% Zn and balanced Mg at 300 ℃.Its hexagonal structure parameters decrease with increasing Zn content,i.e.a=0.992-0.945 nm,c=1.034-1.003 nm.T2 phase has hexagonal structure with the composition region of 26.4%-28.4% Mg,63.2%-65.5% Zn and 7.1%-8.4% Ca.At 300 ℃,the solubility of Zn in the Mg-based solid solution increases for the addition of Ca,the maximum solubility of Zn is 3.7%.Three-phase fields consisting of--Mg＋Mg2Ca＋T1,--Mg＋T1＋T2,--Mg＋T2＋MgZn and MgZn＋T2＋Mg2Zn3 exist in the Mg-Zn-Ca system at 300 ℃.

Isothermal section of Al-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1073 K

Through alloy sampling combined with diffusion triple technique, phase equilibria in Al-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1073 Kwere experimentally determined with electron probe microanalysis （EPMA）. Experimental results show that there is a solid solutionβ（Ti,Zr） which dissolves Al up to 16.3% （mole fraction）. Ti and Zr can substitute each other in most Ti-Al and Al-Zr binaryintermediate phases to a certain degree while the maximum solubility of Zr in Ti3Al and TiAl reaches up to 17.9% and 4.0% （molefraction）, respectively. The isothermal section consists of 16 single-phased regions, 27 two-phased regions and 14 three-phasedregions. No ternary phase was detected.

Phase equilibria for the pseudo-ternary system(NaCl+Na2SO4+H2O)of coal gasification wastewater at T=(268.15 to 373.15)K

The pseudo-ternary system(Na Cl + Na_2SO_4+ H_2O) of coal gasification wastewater was studied at T =(268.15 to 373.15) K. The solubility and density of the equilibrium liquid phase were determined by the isothermal solution saturation method. The equilibrium solids were also investigated by the Schreinemaker's method of wet residues and X-ray powder diffraction(XRD). According to the experimental data, the phase diagrams were determined. It was found that there was no significant solubility difference on the Na Cl-rich side between the ternary system(Na Cl + Na_2SO_4+ H_2O) in coal gasification wastewater and in pure water. However, the solubility on the Na_2SO_4-rich side of coal gasification wastewater was apparently higher than that of pure water. The increase in the solubility of Na_2SO_4 was most likely caused by the effects of other impurities apart from Na Cl and Na_2SO_4 in coal gasification wastewater. The measured data and phase equilibrium diagrams can provide fundamental basis for salt recovery in coal gasification wastewater.

Liquid-Liquid Equilibria of Water + Butyric Acid + Nonanol Ternary System

Liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for the water + butyric acid + nonanol system have been determined experimentally at the temperatures of 298.15 K, 308.15 K and 318.15 K. Tie-line compositions were correlated by Othmer-Tobias method. The universal quasichemical functional group activity coefficient (UNIFAC) and modified UNIFAC methods were used to predict the phase equilibrium in the system using the interaction parameters between CH3, CH2, COOH, OH and H2O functional groups. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were evaluated for the immiscibility region.

Determination Method for Shear Strength Parameters of Rock-Soil Mixtures Using Close-Range Photogrammetry and 3-D Limit Equilibrium Theory

Using a combination of close-range photogrammetry and three-dimensional(3-D) limit equilibrium theory, a determination method for the shear strength parameters of rock-soil mixture is presented. A close-range photogrammetry method is used for measurement of the 3-D terrain of the experimental target. Auto CAD Lisp and EXCEL VBA are used to perform 3-D limit equilibrium analysis of the stability of sliding mass and perform backanalysis of shear strength parameters. The presented method was used to determine the shear strength parameters of rock-soil mixtures at the Liyuan Hydropower Station. The 3-D terrain of sliding surface could be measured notably well using of closerange photogrammetry. The computed results reveal that the cohesion and friction angle of rock-soil mixtures were 3.15 k Pa and 29.88o for test A, respectively, and 4.43 k Pa and 28.30o for test B, respectively, within the range of shear strength parameters, as determined by field and laboratory tests. The computation of shear strength parameters is influenced by the mesh grid number, especially the cohesion of the rock-soil mixture. The application of close-range photogrammetry can reduce the siteworks and improve the computational efficiency and accuracy.

Evapotranspiration Estimation Based on MODIS Products and Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land(SEBAL) Model in Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

In this study,the Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land(SEBAL) model and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) products from Terra satellite were combined with meteorological data to estimate evapotranspiration(ET) over the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China.Land cover/land use was classified by using a recursive partitioning and regression tree with MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) time series data,which were reconstructed based on the Savitzky-Golay filtering approach.The MODIS product Quality Assessment Science Data Sets(QA-SDS) was analyzed and all scenes with valid data covering more than 75% of the Sanjiang Plain were selected for the SEBAL modeling.This provided 12 overpasses during 184-day growing season from May 1st to October 31st,2006.Daily ET estimated by the SEBAL model was misestimaed at the range of-11.29% to 27.57% compared with that measured by Eddy Covariance system(10.52% on average).The validation results show that seasonal ET from the SEBAL model is comparable to that from ground observation within 8.86% of deviation.Our results reveal that the time series daily ET of different land cover/use increases from vegetation on-going until June or July and then decreases as vegetation senesced.Seasonal ET is lower in dry farmland(average(Ave):491 mm) and paddy field(Ave:522 mm) and increases in wetlands to more than 586 mm.As expected,higher seasonal ET values are observed for the Xingkai Lake in the southeastern part of the Sanjiang Plain(Ave:823 mm),broadleaf forest(Ave:666 mm) and mixed wood(Ave:622 mm) in the southern/western Sanjiang Plain.The ET estimation with SEBAL using MODIS products can provide decision support for operational water management issues.

Combining Market-Based Control with Distribution Grid Constraints when Coordinating Electric Vehicle Charging

The charging of electric vehicles(EVs) impacts the distribution grid, and its cost depends on the price of electricity when charging. An aggregator that is responsible for a large fleet of EVs can use a market-based control algorithm to coordinate the charging of these vehicles, in order to minimize the costs. In such an optimization, the operational parameters of the distribution grid, to which the EVs are connected, are not considered. This can lead to violations of the technical constraints of the grid(e.g., undervoltage, phase unbalances); for example, because many vehicles start charging simultaneously when the price is low. An optimization that simultaneously takes the economic and technical aspects into account is complex, because it has to combine time-driven control at the market level with eventdriven control at the operational level. Diff erent case studies investigate under which circumstances the market-based control, which coordinates EV charging, conflicts with the operational constraints of the distribution grid. Especially in weak grids, phase unbalance and voltage issues arise with a high share of EVs. A low-level voltage droop controller at the charging point of the EV can be used to avoid many grid constraint violations, by reducing the charge power if the local voltage is too low. While this action implies a deviation from the cost-optimal operating point, it is shown that this has a very limited impact on the business case of an aggregator, and is able to comply with the technical distribution grid constraints, even in weak distribution grids with many EVs.

Computation of three-finger equilibrium and force-closure grasps

We proved a new necessary and sufficient condition for 2D three finger equilibrium grasps and implemented an geometrical algorithm for computing force closure grasps of arbitrary 2D objects in this article. The algorithm is quite simple and only needs some algebraic calculations. Finally, we implemented the algorithm and confirmed its usefulness by an example.