A 54-year old man with a family history of hyperlipidemia was admitted with a 12 h history of severe generalized abdominal pain associated with nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. Examination of the abdomen rev...A 54-year old man with a family history of hyperlipidemia was admitted with a 12 h history of severe generalized abdominal pain associated with nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. Examination of the abdomen revealed tenderness in the periumblical area with shifting dullness. Serum pancreatic amylase was 29 IU/L and lipase 44 IU/L, triglyceride 36.28 mmol/L. Ultrasound showed ascites. CT of the abdomen with contrast showed inflammatory changes surrounding the pancreas consistent with acute pancreatitis. Ultrasound (US) guided abdomen paracentesis yielded a milky fluid with high triglyceride content consistent with chylous ascites. The patient was kept fasting and intravenous fluid hydration was provided. Meperidine was administered for pain relief. On the following days the patient’s condition improved and he was gradually restarted on a low-fat diet, and fat lowering agent (gemfibrozil) was begun, 600 mg twice a day. On d 14, abdomen US was repeated and showed fluid free peritoneal cavity. The patient was discharged after 18 d of hospitalization with 600 mg gemfibrozil twice a day. At the time of discharge, the fasting triglyceride was 4.2 mmol/L. After four weeks the patient was seen in the clinic, he was well.展开更多
AIM:To examine the prophylactic effect of glyceryl trinitrate on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia.METHODS:Patients scheduled for ERCP were randomly divided int...AIM:To examine the prophylactic effect of glyceryl trinitrate on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia.METHODS:Patients scheduled for ERCP were randomly divided into study group and placebo group.Patients in study group and placebo group were treated with 5 mg glyceryl trinitrate and 100 mg vitamin C,respectively,5 min before endoscopic maneuvers.RESULTS:A total of 74 patients were enrolled in the final analysis.Post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred in 3 patients(7.9%) of the study group and 9 patients(25%) in the placebo group(P = 0.012).Hyperamylasemia occurred in 8 patients of the study group(21.1%) and 13 patients(36.1%) of the placebo group(P = 0.037).CONCLUSION:Glyceryl trinitrate before ERCP can effectively prevent post-ERCP and hyperamylasemia.展开更多
Abstract The lipids present in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） lipid droplets include retinyl ester, triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Activation of HSCs is crucial to t...Abstract The lipids present in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） lipid droplets include retinyl ester, triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Activation of HSCs is crucial to the development of fibrosis in liver disease. During activation, HSCs transform into myofibroblasts with concomitant loss of their lipid droplets and production of excessive extracellular matrix. Release of lipid droplets containing retinyl esters and triglyceride is a defining feature of activated HSCs. Accumulating evidence supports the proposal that recovering the accumulation of lipids would inhibit the activation of HSCs. In healthy liver, quiescent HSCs store 80% of total liver retinols and release them depending on the extracellular retinol status. However, in injured liver activated HSCs lose their retinols and produce a considerable amount of extracelhilar matrix, subsequently leading to liver fibrosis. Further findings prove that lipid metabolism of HSCs is closely associated with its activation, yet relationship between activated HSCs and the lipid metabolism has remained mysterious.展开更多
Besides their possible effects on the development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),some environmental factors can modulate the clinical course of both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD).This review i...Besides their possible effects on the development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),some environmental factors can modulate the clinical course of both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD).This review is mainly devoted to describing the current knowledge of the impact of some of these factors on the outcome of IBD,with special emphasis on smoking and diet.Although the impact of smoking on the susceptibility to develop CD and UC is firmly established,its influence on the clinical course of both diseases is still debatable.In CD,active smoking is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence.Beyond this clinical setting,smoking cessation seems to be advantageous in those CD patients who were smokers at disease diagnosis,while smoking resumption may be of benefit in ex-smokers with resistant UC.The role of dietary habits on the development of IBD is far from being well established.Also,food intolerances are very frequent,but usually inconsistent among IBD patients,and therefore no general dietary recommendations can be made in these patients.In general,IBD patients should eat a diet as varied as possible.Regarding the possible therapeutic role of some dietary components in IBD,lessons should be drawn from the investigation of the primary therapeutic effect of enteral nutrition in CD.Low-fat diets seem to be particularly useful.Also,some lipid sources,such as olive oil,medium-chain triglycerides,and perhaps omega-3 fatty acids,might have a therapeutic effect.Fermentable fiber may have a role in preventing relapses in inactive UC.展开更多
980352 鱼饲料中的脂肪——必需且有益=Fat in fish feed——necessary and beneficial[刊,英]//Nutr.Abst.Rev..—1997,67(4).—1813进行了鱼饲料中脂肪的重要性以及鱼体脂类对人体营养的研究。甘油三酸脂的脂肪酸组成分析表明:天然鱼...980352 鱼饲料中的脂肪——必需且有益=Fat in fish feed——necessary and beneficial[刊,英]//Nutr.Abst.Rev..—1997,67(4).—1813进行了鱼饲料中脂肪的重要性以及鱼体脂类对人体营养的研究。甘油三酸脂的脂肪酸组成分析表明:天然鱼饲料浮游植物和浮游动物富含 n-3和 n-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸,展开更多
Hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) are a kind of adipocytes. In HSCs lipids mainly exist in the form of lipid droplets. They are abundantly found in the cytoplasm and their main constituents are triglycerides. Lipid metabol...Hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) are a kind of adipocytes. In HSCs lipids mainly exist in the form of lipid droplets. They are abundantly found in the cytoplasm and their main constituents are triglycerides. Lipid metabolism in HSCs is closely related to its biological activity, however the mechanism of lipid droplets disappearance after HSC activation is not clearly established yet. Recent research shows that, cyclooxygenase-2 plays an important regulatory role in the lipid metabolism of HSCs. This paper seeks to review the subject based on studies that have been conducted so far to understand the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the metabolism of lipids in HSCs.展开更多
文摘A 54-year old man with a family history of hyperlipidemia was admitted with a 12 h history of severe generalized abdominal pain associated with nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. Examination of the abdomen revealed tenderness in the periumblical area with shifting dullness. Serum pancreatic amylase was 29 IU/L and lipase 44 IU/L, triglyceride 36.28 mmol/L. Ultrasound showed ascites. CT of the abdomen with contrast showed inflammatory changes surrounding the pancreas consistent with acute pancreatitis. Ultrasound (US) guided abdomen paracentesis yielded a milky fluid with high triglyceride content consistent with chylous ascites. The patient was kept fasting and intravenous fluid hydration was provided. Meperidine was administered for pain relief. On the following days the patient’s condition improved and he was gradually restarted on a low-fat diet, and fat lowering agent (gemfibrozil) was begun, 600 mg twice a day. On d 14, abdomen US was repeated and showed fluid free peritoneal cavity. The patient was discharged after 18 d of hospitalization with 600 mg gemfibrozil twice a day. At the time of discharge, the fasting triglyceride was 4.2 mmol/L. After four weeks the patient was seen in the clinic, he was well.
文摘AIM:To examine the prophylactic effect of glyceryl trinitrate on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia.METHODS:Patients scheduled for ERCP were randomly divided into study group and placebo group.Patients in study group and placebo group were treated with 5 mg glyceryl trinitrate and 100 mg vitamin C,respectively,5 min before endoscopic maneuvers.RESULTS:A total of 74 patients were enrolled in the final analysis.Post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred in 3 patients(7.9%) of the study group and 9 patients(25%) in the placebo group(P = 0.012).Hyperamylasemia occurred in 8 patients of the study group(21.1%) and 13 patients(36.1%) of the placebo group(P = 0.037).CONCLUSION:Glyceryl trinitrate before ERCP can effectively prevent post-ERCP and hyperamylasemia.
基金Partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373465)
文摘Abstract The lipids present in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） lipid droplets include retinyl ester, triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Activation of HSCs is crucial to the development of fibrosis in liver disease. During activation, HSCs transform into myofibroblasts with concomitant loss of their lipid droplets and production of excessive extracellular matrix. Release of lipid droplets containing retinyl esters and triglyceride is a defining feature of activated HSCs. Accumulating evidence supports the proposal that recovering the accumulation of lipids would inhibit the activation of HSCs. In healthy liver, quiescent HSCs store 80% of total liver retinols and release them depending on the extracellular retinol status. However, in injured liver activated HSCs lose their retinols and produce a considerable amount of extracelhilar matrix, subsequently leading to liver fibrosis. Further findings prove that lipid metabolism of HSCs is closely associated with its activation, yet relationship between activated HSCs and the lipid metabolism has remained mysterious.
文摘Besides their possible effects on the development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),some environmental factors can modulate the clinical course of both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD).This review is mainly devoted to describing the current knowledge of the impact of some of these factors on the outcome of IBD,with special emphasis on smoking and diet.Although the impact of smoking on the susceptibility to develop CD and UC is firmly established,its influence on the clinical course of both diseases is still debatable.In CD,active smoking is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence.Beyond this clinical setting,smoking cessation seems to be advantageous in those CD patients who were smokers at disease diagnosis,while smoking resumption may be of benefit in ex-smokers with resistant UC.The role of dietary habits on the development of IBD is far from being well established.Also,food intolerances are very frequent,but usually inconsistent among IBD patients,and therefore no general dietary recommendations can be made in these patients.In general,IBD patients should eat a diet as varied as possible.Regarding the possible therapeutic role of some dietary components in IBD,lessons should be drawn from the investigation of the primary therapeutic effect of enteral nutrition in CD.Low-fat diets seem to be particularly useful.Also,some lipid sources,such as olive oil,medium-chain triglycerides,and perhaps omega-3 fatty acids,might have a therapeutic effect.Fermentable fiber may have a role in preventing relapses in inactive UC.
文摘980352 鱼饲料中的脂肪——必需且有益=Fat in fish feed——necessary and beneficial[刊,英]//Nutr.Abst.Rev..—1997,67(4).—1813进行了鱼饲料中脂肪的重要性以及鱼体脂类对人体营养的研究。甘油三酸脂的脂肪酸组成分析表明:天然鱼饲料浮游植物和浮游动物富含 n-3和 n-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸,
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373465)
文摘Hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) are a kind of adipocytes. In HSCs lipids mainly exist in the form of lipid droplets. They are abundantly found in the cytoplasm and their main constituents are triglycerides. Lipid metabolism in HSCs is closely related to its biological activity, however the mechanism of lipid droplets disappearance after HSC activation is not clearly established yet. Recent research shows that, cyclooxygenase-2 plays an important regulatory role in the lipid metabolism of HSCs. This paper seeks to review the subject based on studies that have been conducted so far to understand the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the metabolism of lipids in HSCs.
