应对“信息疫情”:科普新媒体的线上抗疫与阅读体验设计探析

在本次新冠肺炎疫情期间,世卫组织提出了"信息疫情"这一新问题。作为信息重要载体的新媒体平台则成为移动互联网时代下的舆论战场。文章通过对比我国不同机构于2020年2月发布的三个调研报告《"新型冠状病毒肺炎"公众认知与信息传播调研报告》《新型冠状病毒肺炎相关知识公众掌握情况调查报告》和《公众对新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎相关知识及行为调查报告》,进而分析了"信息疫情"的新媒体传播特征,提出科普新媒体构建线上抗疫阵地的对策,以及从阅读推广角度探析"信息抗疫"提升阅读体验品质的方式,以便充分发挥科普新媒体的能动性,积极应对"信息疫情",筑就线上抗疫防线,助力抗疫战取得整体性、全局性的胜利。

社区“三社联动”线上抗疫模式探讨

社会工作作为一支重要的专业力量,自新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)疫情发生以来在各层面有效发力。以武汉社工为代表开展的“立足社区·三社联动”在线抗疫模式,发挥社工专业优势,组建“社工+心理+医务”的线上服务团队,充分发挥社区、社会组织、专业社工三方力量,秉承社会工作伦理及原则,充分发挥社会工作者协助者、资源链接者等角色,积极介入抗疫服务,在疫情社区防控、危机干预与心理支持等专业服务发挥了关键性作用,为全国社工参与抗“疫”实务提供模板与参照。

自拟镇晕汤对肝阳上抗夹湿型眩晕患者中医证候评分的影响

目的自拟镇晕汤对肝阳上抗夹湿型眩晕患者中医证候评分的影响。方法选取2017年1月—2018年1月在丹东市人民医院神经内2科就诊的80例眩晕患者,分别为梅尼埃病、椎基底动脉供血不足、良性发作性位置性眩晕、前庭神经元炎等疾病,其中医辨证分型均肝阳上抗夹湿型,随机分为试验组和对照组,对照组40例采取常规治疗,试验组在对照组的基础上自拟镇晕汤进行治疗,比较2组患者中医证候评分情况。结果试验组总有效率为87. 5%,对照组总有效率为75. 0%,试验组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论自拟镇晕汤治疗肝阳上抗夹湿型眩晕可以改善患者的中医证候评分,改善患者的生活质量,值得在临床推广。

再论“上抗下坠”

"上抗下坠"[1]是古代唱论中常常被提到的一个词语,在《文心雕龙》、《乐记》、《乐府杂录》、《陈旸乐书》等著作中均可见,是古代歌唱家总结出来的宝贵经验,是他们在艺术领域探索的重大成果。当然,从先秦到明清的两千多年的唱论记载中,"上抗下坠"之说时隐时现,未见到过较为具体、详细的论述。笔者认为:面对如此珍贵的传统声乐理论,我们这一代人必须不断地深入进行探讨,并在实践中广泛运用。同时,将其与国外的发声演唱方法进行对比研究。让祖国的民族声乐艺术瑰宝放射出更加耀眼的光芒。本文的结论是:"上抗下坠"之法适用于"融字法",更适用于"发声法"。"上抗其喉,下坠其丹田"可以广泛地在现代声乐教学中运用。找准"上抗下坠"之感可有较地帮助歌者解决"唱声唱字儿、唱情唱味儿、唱神唱气儿"的问题[2]。

办理民行抗诉案件实行“抗审同级”的实践与思考

我国民事诉讼法、行政诉讼法规定,检察院对法院的审判活动进行法律监督,对法院的判决、裁定认为确有错误的,可以提出抗诉,要求法院纠正错误的判决裁定。但是,“两法”并没有规定抗诉案件的审级。在检察实务中,对人民法院发生的错误判决、裁定,均由上一级检察院依照《民事诉讼法》第185条的规定向同级法院提出抗诉。在审判实务中,受理抗诉案件的中、高级法院通常采用指令再审方式,从程序上将抗诉案件发回原审法院再审,即“上抗下审”。抗、审不对等,使检察院难以履行监督职责。

《乐记》中唱论的现实意义

如果从美学的角度审视《乐记》中的唱论,就可以进一步探讨音乐的产生、歌唱的技巧、歌唱者的艺术表现及其素养等方面的问题。同时反过来又可以印证音乐美学思想的丰富性和深刻性,揭示歌唱理论对当代歌唱者的现实意义。

Adherent properties of Helicobacter pylori to human epithelial cells *

AIM To study the properties and factors of Helicobacter pylori adherence to human epithelial cells. METHODS The adherent properties of human epithelial cells were studied by using a group of isolated H. pylori strains, anti H. pylori monoclonal antibodies and varied pH environment in in vitro adherence model with HEp 2 cell.

3D-QSAR Analysis of DDPH Derivatives for α_1-Adrenoceptor Antagonist Activity

Aim and methods The study of three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship （3D-QSAR） of DDPH and its derivatives has been performed using Apex-3D programme. Results The result indicates that substituents of para- and ortho-positions in phenyl ring of aryloxyalkylamine greatly influence the bioactivity. Conclusion The biophore model and 3D-QSAR equation help us not only further understand receptor-ligand interactions, but also design new compounds with better bioactivity.

Reconfigurable anti-interference RF transceiver for cognitive radio application

An RF transceiver composed of a zero-IF receiver and a direct up-conversion transmitter for cognitive radio applications is presented. The adjustable channel filter array in the receiver is used to suppress adjacent channel interference in televisions signal coexistence environments. The low noise amplifier （LNA） with wide dynamic range and high linearity is employed to enhance the anti-interference competence of the zero-IF receiver. Meanwhile, the high linearity power amplifier （PA） .is used to promote the adjacent channel power ratio （ACPR） characteristic of the direct up-conversion transmitter. The measured error vector magnitude （EVM） results show that the anti-interference competence of the zero-IF receiver is dramatically enhanced by employing a channel filter array. The measured ACPR of the direct up-conversion transmitter is -47. 98 dBc on the channel centered at 714 MHz when the output power is 27 dBm.

Upper bound analysis of slope stability with nonlinear failure criterion based on strength reduction technique

Based on the upper bound limit analysis theorem and the shear strength reduction technique, the equation for expressing critical limit-equilibrium state was employed to define the safety factor of a given slope and its corresponding critical failure mechanism by means of the kinematical approach of limit analysis theory. The nonlinear shear strength parameters were treated as variable parameters and a kinematically admissible failure mechanism was considered for calculation schemes. The iterative optimization method was adopted to obtain the safety factors. Case study and comparative analysis show that solutions presented here agree with available predictions when nonlinear criterion reduces to linear criterion, and the validity of present method could be illuminated. From the numerical results, it can also be seen that nonlinear parameter rn, slope foot gradient ,β, height of slope H, slope top gradient a and soil bulk density γ have significant effects on the safety factor of the slope.

Anti-inflammatory effects of bifidobacteria by inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB activation

AIM： Different strains of bifidobacteria were analysed for their effects on HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells （IECs） in in vitro models both of the non-inflamed and inflamed intestinal epithelium. METHODS： A reporter gene system in HT-29 cells was used to measure levels of NF-KB activation after challenge with bifidobacteria or after bacterial pre-treatment following LPS challenge. IL-8 protein and pro-inflammatory gene expression was investigated using normal HT-29 cells. RESULTS： None of the bifidobacteria tested induced activation of nuclear factor κB （NF-κB） indicating that bifidobacteria themselves do not induce inflammatory events in IECs. However, six out of eight bifidobacteria tested inhibited lipopolysaccharide- （LPS-） induced NF-κB activation in a dose- and strain-dependent manner. In contrast, NF-κB activation in response to challenge with tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） was affected by none of the tested bifidobacteria, indicating that the inhibitory effect of bifidobacteria is specific for LPS-induced inflammation in IECs. As shown with two of the six inhibitionpositive bifidobacteria, LPS-induced inhibition of NF-κB activation was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease of interleukin 8 （IL-8） secretion and by lower mRNA levels for IL-8, TNF-α, cyclooxygenase 2 （Cox-2）, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1（ICAM-1）. CONCLUSION： Some strains of bifidobacteria are effective in inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation and thus might be appropriate candidates for probiotic intervention in chronic intestinal inflammation.

Effects of α-adrenoreceptor antagonists on apoptosis and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro

AIM: To discuss the expression of α-adrenoreceptors in pancreatic cancer cell lines PC-2 and PC-3 and the effects of α1- and α2-adrenoreceptor antagonists, yohimbine and urapidil hydrochloride, on the cell lines in vitro. METHODS: We cultured the human ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines PC-2 and PC-3 and analyzed the mRNA expression of α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The effects of yohimbine and urapidil hydrochloride on cell proliferation were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiasol-2-yl)- 2,4,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was detected using the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated biotin-16-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: PC-2 expressed mRNA in α1- and α2- adrenoreceptors. MTT assays showed that urapidil hydrochloride had no effect on PC-3 cell lines. However, exposure to urapidil hydrochloride increased DNA synthesis in PC-2 cell lines as compared to the control group. PC-2 cell lines were sensitive to both drugs. The proliferation of the 2 cell lines was inhibited by yohimbine. Cell proliferation was inhibited by yohimbine via apoptosis induction. CONCLUSION: The expression of α1- and α2- adrenoreceptors is different in PC-2 and PC-3 cell lines, which might be indicative of their different functions. The α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine, can inhibit theproliferation of both cell lines and induce their apoptosis, suggesting that yohimbine can be used as an anticancer drug for apoptosis of PC-2 and PC-3 cells.

Successful treatment of severe pouchitis with rebamipide refractory to antibiotics and corticosteroids:A case report

The antibiotics, metronidazole and ciprofloxacin, are the first-line treatment for pouchitis. Patients who do not respond to antibiotics or conventional medications represent a major challenge to therapy. In this report, we have described a successful treatment of severe refractory pouchitis with a novel agent, rebamipide, known to promote epithelial cell regeneration and angiogenesis. A 27-year-old male with ileo-anal pouch surgery presented with worsening anal pain, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The patient was diagnosed to have pouchitis and was given metronidazole together with betamethasone enema （3.95 rag/dose）. However, despite this intensive therapy, the patient did not improve. On endoscopy, ulceration and inflammation were seen in the ileal pouch together with contact bleeding and mucous discharge. The patient was treated with rebamipide enema （150 rag/close） twice a clay for 8 wk without additional drug therapy. Two weeks after the rebamipide therapy, stool frequency started to decrease and fecal hemoglobin became negative at the 4^th wk. At the end of the therapy, endoscopy revealed that ulcers in the ileal pouch had healed with no obvious inflammation. The effect of rebamipide enema was dramatic and was maintained throughout the ll-mo follow-up. The patient continued to be in remission. No adverse effects were observed during the treatment or the follow-up period. The sustained response seen in this case with severe and refractory pouchitis indicates that agents, which promote epithelial cell growth, angiogenesis and mucosal tissue regeneration, are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of refractory colorectal lesions.

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on long-term oral anticoagulation therapy: Endoscopic findings, clinical management and outcome

AIM: Acute gastrointestinal bleeding is a severe complication in patients receiving long-term oral anticoagulant therapy. The purpose of this study was to describe the causes and clinical outcome of these patients. METHODS: From January 1999 to October 2003, 111 patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) were hospitalized while on oral anticoagulants. The causes and clinical outcome of these patients were compared with those of 604 patients hospitalized during 2000-2001 with AUGIB who were not taking warfarin. RESULTS: The most common cause of bleeding was peptic ulcer in 51 patients (45%) receiving anticoagulants compared to 359/604 (59.4%) patients not receiving warfarin (P<0.05). No identifiable source of bleeding could be found in 33 patients (29.7%) compared to 31/604 (5.1%) patients not receiving anticoagulants (P=0.0001). The majority of patients with concurrent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (26/35, 74.3%) had a peptic ulcer as a cause of bleeding while 32/76 (40.8%) patients not taking a great dose of NSAIDs had a negative upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopic hemostasis was applied and no complication was reported. Six patients (5.4%) were operated due to continuing or recurrent hemorrhage, compared to 23/604 (3.8%) patients not receiving anticoagulants. Four patients died, the overall mortality was 3.6% in patients with AUGIB due to anticoagulants, which was not different from that in patients not receiving anticoagulant therapy. CONCLUSION: Patients with AUGIB while on long-term anticoagulant therapy had a clinical outcome, which is not different from that of patients not taking anticoagulants. Early endoscopy is important for the management of these patients and endoscopic hemostasis can be safely applied.

Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: a primer on immunotherapy

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG） has long been the gold standard treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Recently, there has been an emergence of novel immunotherapeutic agents, which have shown promise in the treatment of urothelial cell carcinoma. These agents aim to augment, modify, or enhance the immune response. Such strategies include recombinant BCG, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, gene therapy, and adoptive T-cell therapy. Here, we review the emerging immunotherapeutics in the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

THE LOCALIZATION OF ADRENOMEDULLIN IN RAT KIDNEY TISSUE AND ITS INHIBITORY EFFECT ON THE GROWTH OF CULTURED RAT MESANGIAL CELLS

OBJECTIVE: To observe the localization of adrenomedullin (AM) in rat kidney tissue and its inhibitory effect on the growth of cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC). METHODS: A monoclonal antibody against AM developed by our laboratory was used to detect the localization of AM protein in rat kidney tissue by avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemistry. The expressions of AM and its receptor CRLR mRNA on cultured glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) and MsC were investigated by Northern blot assay, and the possible effect of AM secreted by GEC on MsC proliferation was observed using [3H]thymidine incorporation as an index. RESULTS: A specific monoclonal antibody against AM was succesfully developed. AM was immunohistochemically localized mainly in glomeruli (GEC and endothelial cells), some cortical proximal tubules, medullary collecting duct cells, interstitial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Northern blot assay showed that AM mRNA was expressed only on cultured GEC, but not on MsC, however, AM receptor CRLR mRNA was only expressed on MsC. GEC conditioned medium containing AM can inhibit MsC growth and AM receptor blocker CGRP8-37 may partially decreased this inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION: AM produced by GEC inhibits the proliferation of MsC, which suggests that AM as an important regulator is involved in glomerular normal physiological functions and pathologic processes.

Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on enterocutaneous fistula patients

AIM： To explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone （rhGH） on intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and nutritional status in patients with enterocutaneous fistula. METHODS： Eight patients with enterocutaneous fistulas received recombinant human growth hormone （10 ug/d） for 7 d. Image analysis and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyse the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in intestinal mucosal epithelial cells in biopsy samples from the patients who had undergone an endoscopic biopsy through the fistula at day 0, 4 and 7. Body weights, nitrogen excretion, serum levels of total proteins, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and fibronectin were measured at day 0, 4 and 7. RESULTS： Significant improvements occurred in the expression of PCNA in the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells at day 4 and 7 compared to day 0 （24.93 ± 3.41%, 30.46 ± 5.24% vs 12.92 ± 4.20%, p 〈 0.01）. These changes were accompanied by the significant improvement of villus height （500.54 ± 53.79 um, 459.03 ± 88.98um vs 210.94 ± 49.16 um, P 〈 0.01）, serum levels of total proteins （70.52 ± 5.13 g/L, 74.89 ± 5.16 g/L vs 63.51 ± 2.47 g/L, P 〈 0.01）, albumin （39.44 ± 1.18 g/L, 42.39 ± 1.68 g/L vs 35.74 ± 1.75 g/L, P 〈 0.01） and fibronectin （236.3 4- 16.5 mg/L, 275.8± 16.9 mg/L vs 172.5 ± 21.4 mg/L, P 〈 0.01） at day 4 and 7, and prealbumin （286.38 ± 65.61 mg/L vs 180.88 ± 48.28 mg/L, P 〈 0.05）, transferrin （2.61 ± 0.12 g/L vs 2.41 ±0.14 g/L, P 〈 0.05） at day 7. Nitrogen excretion was significantly decreased at day 7 （3.40 ± 1.65 g/d vs 7.25 ± 3.92 g/d, P 〈 0.05）. No change was observed in the body weight. CONCLUSION： Recombinant human growth hormone could promote intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and protein synthesis in patients with enterocutaneous fistula.