AIM:To investigate the incidence of incidental gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and its etiopathogenesis.METHODS: From January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2007, 13 804 cases of gastrointestinal epithelial malignant t...AIM:To investigate the incidence of incidental gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and its etiopathogenesis.METHODS: From January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2007, 13 804 cases of gastrointestinal epithelial malignant tumor (EMT) and 521 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) were successfully treated with surgery at the Department of General Surgery and the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China. The clinical and pathologic data of 311 cases of primary GIST, including 257 cases with clinical GIST and 54 cases of incidental GIST were analyzed.RESULTS: Of the 311 patients, 54 had incidental GIST, accounting for 17.4%. Of these tumors, 27 were found in 1.13% patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), 22 in 0.53% patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), 2 in 0.38% patients with PAC, 2 in 0.03% patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, and 1 in one patient with GAC accompanying ESCC, respectively. Patients with incidental GIST presented symptoms indistinguishable from those with EMT. All incidental GIST lesions were small in size, and the majority had a low mitotic activity while only 1.9% (5/257) of clinical GIST lesions had a high risk.CONCLUSION: Incidental GIST may occur synchronously with other tumors and has a high prevalence in males. Surgery is its best treatment modality.展开更多
Objective: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical early event for the invasion and metastasis of many carcinomas. In the present study, we examined EMT markers in the residual cancer cells of hepatocell...Objective: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical early event for the invasion and metastasis of many carcinomas. In the present study, we examined EMT markers in the residual cancer cells of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radiotherapy. Methods: Eight patients with large HCC who underwent hepatectomy with preoperative radiothera- py were studied. The expressions of E-cadherin and vimentin were determined immunohistochemically in the residual cancer cells of HCC following radiotherapy, and also in the pre-radiotherapy biopsy cancer cells. Results: Histological analysis showed that some residual cancer cells of HCC displayed an elongated spindle or fibroblast-like shape. The expression of E- cadherin was markedly reduced or negative in the spindle residual cancer cells, but the expression of vimentin significantly in- duced. However, the above changes were not found in the pre-radiotherapy biopsy cancer cells. Conclusion: EMT is induced in the residual cancer cells of HCC following radiotherapy, which may facilitate the systemic dissemination of cancer cells.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with CRC. During progression to metastasis in which malignant cells dissemin...Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with CRC. During progression to metastasis in which malignant cells disseminate from the primary tumor to seeding other organs, a multistep process is involved. Cancer cells proliferate, invade microenvironment, enter into the blood circulation, then survive and colonize into distant organs. Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) are key regulators and mechanism in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. We review the roles of EMT and micro RNAs, especially EMT related micro RNAs in the metastatic pathway of CRC. Micro RNAs provide us a set of potential therapeutic applications and molecular target for CRC.展开更多
Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells,...Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells, termed cancer stem cells （CSCs）, which have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, contribute significantly to tumor progression, recurrence, drug resistance and metastasis. Clarifying the mechanisms regulating breast CSCs has important implications for our understanding of breast cancer progression and therapeutics. A strong connection has been found between breast CSCs and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）. In addition, recent studies suggest that the maintenance of the breast CSC phenotype is associated with epigenetic and metabolic regulation. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries about the connection between EMT and CSC, and advances made in under- standing the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in controlling breast CSC properties.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate the incidence of incidental gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and its etiopathogenesis.METHODS: From January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2007, 13 804 cases of gastrointestinal epithelial malignant tumor (EMT) and 521 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) were successfully treated with surgery at the Department of General Surgery and the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China. The clinical and pathologic data of 311 cases of primary GIST, including 257 cases with clinical GIST and 54 cases of incidental GIST were analyzed.RESULTS: Of the 311 patients, 54 had incidental GIST, accounting for 17.4%. Of these tumors, 27 were found in 1.13% patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), 22 in 0.53% patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), 2 in 0.38% patients with PAC, 2 in 0.03% patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, and 1 in one patient with GAC accompanying ESCC, respectively. Patients with incidental GIST presented symptoms indistinguishable from those with EMT. All incidental GIST lesions were small in size, and the majority had a low mitotic activity while only 1.9% (5/257) of clinical GIST lesions had a high risk.CONCLUSION: Incidental GIST may occur synchronously with other tumors and has a high prevalence in males. Surgery is its best treatment modality.
基金Supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81000998)New Teachers Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20090141120003)
文摘Objective: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical early event for the invasion and metastasis of many carcinomas. In the present study, we examined EMT markers in the residual cancer cells of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radiotherapy. Methods: Eight patients with large HCC who underwent hepatectomy with preoperative radiothera- py were studied. The expressions of E-cadherin and vimentin were determined immunohistochemically in the residual cancer cells of HCC following radiotherapy, and also in the pre-radiotherapy biopsy cancer cells. Results: Histological analysis showed that some residual cancer cells of HCC displayed an elongated spindle or fibroblast-like shape. The expression of E- cadherin was markedly reduced or negative in the spindle residual cancer cells, but the expression of vimentin significantly in- duced. However, the above changes were not found in the pre-radiotherapy biopsy cancer cells. Conclusion: EMT is induced in the residual cancer cells of HCC following radiotherapy, which may facilitate the systemic dissemination of cancer cells.
基金Supported by a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.81302131)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.2012FKB04432)
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with CRC. During progression to metastasis in which malignant cells disseminate from the primary tumor to seeding other organs, a multistep process is involved. Cancer cells proliferate, invade microenvironment, enter into the blood circulation, then survive and colonize into distant organs. Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) are key regulators and mechanism in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. We review the roles of EMT and micro RNAs, especially EMT related micro RNAs in the metastatic pathway of CRC. Micro RNAs provide us a set of potential therapeutic applications and molecular target for CRC.
基金supported by the Thousand Young Talents Program of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81472455)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells, termed cancer stem cells （CSCs）, which have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, contribute significantly to tumor progression, recurrence, drug resistance and metastasis. Clarifying the mechanisms regulating breast CSCs has important implications for our understanding of breast cancer progression and therapeutics. A strong connection has been found between breast CSCs and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）. In addition, recent studies suggest that the maintenance of the breast CSC phenotype is associated with epigenetic and metabolic regulation. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries about the connection between EMT and CSC, and advances made in under- standing the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in controlling breast CSC properties.
