线上群际接触:特征、成效与治理助推

随着互联网与社交平台的发展,线上群际接触(Online Inter-group Contact, OLC)作为一种新型群际接触范式,逐渐成为社会生活的重要组成部分,彰显出匿名性、自控性、便捷性、强韧性的特征。既往对线上群际接触的学理研究和实践应用发现,积极的线上群际接触可以减少群体偏见、改善群体态度、提升群体关系质量。线上群际接触为我国开展群际关系治理工作提供了新的思路,现阶段可以积极利用线上群际接触,参与到群体矛盾、特殊群体偏见、网络圈群非理性文化等治理工作中,助力提升群体治理成效。

即时通讯软件的线上群组中用户参与行为及动机研究

目的探索用户在即时通讯软件上的线上群组(微信群、QQ群等)中的参与行为差异及个人动机效用。方法采用问卷调查法回收了501份问卷,了解用户参与线上群组聊天的基本情况;采用访谈法对24名不同年级和专业的大学生进行访谈,运用NVivo对访谈数据进行开放式编码处理,对定性分析结果进行讨论。结果(1)个人动机中的信息需求是不同群组中用户参与行为的决定性动机,社交需求是次要动机,娱乐性和自我效能感是辅助动机;(2)在轻松语境下,通过增加互动满足社交需求,娱乐性是次要动机。向严肃语境转变后,用户通过减少互动避免冲突来满足社交需求,娱乐性的影响效用降低,自我效能感的影响效用提高;(3)线上和线下群组中,用户和陌生群组成员的交流互动存在差异。结论用户在不同线上群组和不同语境下的参与行为存在差异,且其影响因素的效用是动态变化的。本文有助于更好地理解用户在线上群组中的参与行为,为提升用户在线上群组中的参与度,使得更多的群组成员从中受益提供理论基础。

做好线上群分享，提升童书营销转化率

“线上群分享”因为具备受众定位精准、成本低、能够充分展示图书内容等优势被编辑视为一种性价比较高的常规营销方式。然而,童书的种类有很多,如何利用线上群分享把自己负责的儿童图书的特点充分地展现出来,并有效提升转化率是编辑需要下功夫研究的工作。

下颌下淋巴结形态学的研究

下颌淋巴结位于头颈部衔接处,收纳头面部各器官回流的淋巴,头面部炎症及肿瘤常会累及该淋巴结群,故被列入必需检查的项目之一。在肿瘤清扫手术中,原则上尽量截断转移途径,因此,了解淋巴结的形态、位置、数目和分布等问题是十分必要的。

TOPOLOGY OF CONFIGURATION SPACE FOR A THREE-BODY PROBLEM

A mechanics system consisting of three mass points on sphere S 2 is considered. The configuration space of the system is a fibre bundle over S 2 . It is proved that first Chern class of the bundle is -2 c 1(γ) where γ is the canonical line bundle over the complex projective space CP 1=S 2 , which shows the bundle is non trivial. The information about the first Chern class makes the cohomology groups and homotopy groups of the configuration space worked out. In addition the effects of these topolo gical properties of the configuration space on the behavior in large scale of the system, as the number of equilibrium positions, periodic orbits and reduced phase space, are discussed.

SNP Identification in α_(2A)-Adrenergic Receptor Gene in Chinese and the Effect on Gene Expression

Objective: To scan single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) in Chinese alpha-2Aadrenergic receptor (α_(2A)-AR) gene and study the effects of the SNP on the gene expression.Methods: The complete sequence of α_(2A)-AR gene was analyzed with automated DNA sequencer to scanSNPs. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and a 239 bp fragment containing the G/Cpolymorphism was amplified with PCR using a pair of. specific primers. PCR-RFLP was used to performthe genotyping of the SNP at the site-1 296 bp of the people in the North of China. Electrophoresismobility shift assay ( EMSA ) was used to study the binding of the 390 bp fragments (- 1 414-1 025bp) with G or C at the site-1 296 bp and nuclear extracts . Results: In our study, two SNPs werefound in α_(2A)-AR gene. Allele frequencies of the SNP at the site-1 296 bp were 0.61 and 0.39 forG and C , and the genotype frequencies were 0.34 , 0.54 and 0.13 for GG, GC and CC respectively fromthe people in the North of China. In the EMSA, a specific binding appeared in the complex ofnuclear extracts and DNA with C at-1 296 bp . Conclusion: Two SNPs exist in α_(2A)-AR gene from thepeople in the North of China , and DNA fragment with allele C of the SNP at the site-1 296 bp couldbind with a specific protein, which could influence the gene expression.

On the Adjoint Semigroup of Implicative BCK-algebras

We prove that the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra is an upper semilattice, and the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra with condition(s) is a generalized Boolean algebra. Moreover we prove the adjoint semigroup of a bounded implicative BCK algebra is a Boolean algebra.

Classification of Crystallographic Groups in the Hyperbolic 5-Dimensional Indefinite Space

Let V be a hyperbolic 5-dimensional indefinite space. W is the infinite Weyl group of an irreducible root system. The principal aim of this paper is to classify all crystallgraphic groups associated with W up to conjugation in the affine group A(V).

Total Occlusion of Anterior Descending Artery （AD） without ST-Segment Elevation： DE Winter Pattern

The recognition of the presence of ST-segment elevation in the context of ACS （acute coronary syndrome） is fundamental for the good outcome of the case. However, some electrocardiographic patterns have been highlighted by the fact that there is no elevation, but they represent a severity similar to ACS with ST elevation. Hence, it is necessary that doctors who do the first service recognize these standards promptly.The electrocardiographic pattern of association between the ST-segment depression and the hyperacute T waves representing myocardial infarction in the anterior wall, localizing more specifically in the anterior descending artery, now known as the De Winter pattern, was first described by Dressler, and then described by Winter six years later. Winter observed that, out of a series of 1,452 cases, 2% of patients with anterior wall infarction had the pattern of ST-segment depression, positive and symmetrical T waves, and occasionally mild ST-segment elevation at AVR derivation. Those patients are admitted to the emergency room with a typical chest pain. However, because the electrocardiographic findings of this syndrome are not known to many health professionals, in many cases the patients do not receive adequate care and have fatal outcome, since mortality is relevant in these cases. Thus, the rapid recognition of this pattern is extremely necessary for the correct and effective intervention.

Cohomology of Line Bundles on Hopf Surfaces

Let X be a non-primary Hopf Surface with Abelian fundamental group π1 （X）（≌） Z Zm, L a line bundle on X, we give a formula for computing the dimension of cohomology H^q（X,Ω^P（L）） and the explicit results for non-primary exceptional Hopf surface.

WentzeI-Freidlin Estimates for Jump Processes in Semi-Group Theory： Upper Bound

Large deviations estimates for Poisson processes estimate the logarithm of rare events associated to a Poisson process which has more and more jump which are smaller and smaller. In stochastic analysis, they are valid on the whole path space. Asoociated to this jump process is a Markov semi-group. We translate in semi group theory the proof of Wentzel-Freidlin for these estimates by translating in semi-group theory some basical tools of stochastic analysis as the exponential martingales of stochastic analysis. These Wentzel-Freidlin estimates （upper-bound） are only true for the semi-group.

Memory and Aesthetics： Study of Musical Quotations in Ives’s and Crumb’s Music

Throughout Western music history, pre-existing material has long been the aesthetic core of a new composition. Yet there has never been such an epoch as our time in which using pre-existing material, melodic quotation in particular, features so extensively in works of many of the composers. The aim of this paper is to investigate how the use of quoted tunes in a musical piece operates in an interwoven complex where time and space are of the essence. A quote is able to oscillate perpetually between one’s mental worlds of the memorable past and the imaginative present when it is highlighted enough to be recognizable from its surrounding context. Upon interpreting the use of quotation in various contexts, the aesthetic object, I argue, is the shift from original to quoted music, and vice versa. And listeners can respond aesthetically to the quotation itself even without knowledge of its provenance and textual or referential content.

A Brief Analysis of the Applicability of the Archipelago Waters System in China

The archipelagic waters system is stipulated in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It is closely related to China＇s marine legislation and maritime law enforcement. It is not only related to the integrity of our country＇s national sovereignty, but also to the maintenance of our maritime rights and interests. However, there is no comprehensive fundamental law governing the overall situation of marine development in our country, also no relevant legal code on the archipelagic waters system. Therefore, we should learn from the world＇s marine legislation and practice which the archipelagic waters system was written into China＇s marine legislation.

Involvement of CRF2 signaling in enterocyte differentiation

To determine the role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor (CRF2) in epithelial permeability and enterocyte cell differentiation.METHODSFor this purpose, we used rat Sprague Dawley and various colon carcinoma cell lines (SW620, HCT8R, HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines). Expression of CRF2 protein was analyzed by fluorescent immunolabeling in normal rat colon and then by western blot in dissociated colonic epithelial cells and in the lysates of colon carcinoma cell lines or during the early differentiation of HT-29 cells (ten first days). To assess the impact of CRF2 signaling on colonic cell differentiation, HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were exposed to Urocortin 3 recombinant proteins (Ucn3, 100 nmol/L). In some experiments, cells were pre-exposed to the astressin 2b (A2b) a CRF2 antagonist in order to inhibit the action of Ucn3. Intestinal cell differentiation was first analyzed by functional assays: the trans-cellular permeability and the para-cellular permeability were determined by Dextran-FITC intake and measure of the transepithelial electrical resistance respectively. Morphological modifications associated to epithelial dysfunction were analyzed by confocal microscopy after fluorescent labeling of actin (phaloidin-TRITC) and intercellular adhesion proteins such as E-cadherin, p120ctn, occludin and ZO-1. The establishment of mature adherens junctions (AJ) was monitored by following the distribution of AJ proteins in lipid raft fractions, after separation of cell lysates on sucrose gradients. Finally, the mRNA and the protein expression levels of characteristic markers of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) differentiation such as the transcriptional factor krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) or the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) were performed by RT-PCR and western blot respectively. The specific activities of DPPIV and alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzymes were determined by a colorimetric method.RESULTSCRF2 protein is preferentially expressed in undifferentiated epithelial cells from the crypts of colon and in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Furthermore, CRF2 expression is down regulated according to the kinetic of HT-29 cell differentiation. By performing functional assays, we found that Ucn3-induced CRF2 signaling alters both para- and trans-cellular permeability of differentiated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. These effects are partly mediated by Ucn3-induced morphological changes associated with the disruption of mature AJ in HT-29 cells and tight junctions (TJ) in Caco-2 cells. Ucn3-mediated activation of CRF2 decreases mRNA and protein expression levels of KLF4 a transcription factor involved in IEC differentiation. This signaling is correlated to a down-regulation of key IEC markers such as DPPIV and AP, at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that CRF2 signaling could modulate IEC differentiation. These mechanisms could be relevant to the stress induced epithelial alterations found in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Biomarker Records of Phytoplankton Productivity and Community Structure Changes During the Last 14000 Years in the Mud Area Southwest off Cheju Island, East China Sea

The ecological environment in the East China Sea(ECS)and the Yellow Sea(YS)has changed significantly due to sea-level rising and the Kuroshio incursion since the last deglaciation.In this study,biomarker records of core F10B from the mud area southwest off Cheju Island(MSWCI)were generated to evaluate phytoplankton productivity and community structure changes in response to environmental evolution during the last 14 kyr.The contents of diatom,dinoflagellate and haptophyte biomarkers(brassicasterol,dinosterol and C37alkenones)display similar trends,with increasing phytoplankton productivity during the last 14kyr due to the increased influences of the Kuroshio,and especially due to the eddy-induced upwelling during the late Holocene.On the other hand,the contents of terrestrial biomarkers(C28+C30+C32n-alkanols)and terrestrial organic matter(TOM)proxies(TMBR′and BIT)all reveal decreasing TOM input into the area around the sampling site for the 14 kyr,mostly due to sea-level ris-ing.Phytoplankton biomarker ratios reveal a shift from a haptophyte-dominated community at 6.2 2.5 kyr BP to a diatom-dominated community at 2.5 1.45 kyr BP,likely caused by a stronger cold eddy circulation system at 2.5 1.45 kyr BP in the MSWCI.

A 9×9 Matrix Representation of Birman-Wenzl-Murakami Algebra and Berry Phase in Yang-Baxter System

We present a 9×9 S-matrix and E-matrix.A representation of specialized Birman-Wenzl-Murakami algebra is obtained.Starting from the given braid group representation S-matrix,we obtain the trigonometric solution of Yang-Baxter equation.A unitary matrix R(x,φ1,φ2)is generated via the Yang-Baxterization approach.Then we construct a Yang-Baxter Hamiltonian through the unitary matrix R(x,φ1,φ2).Berry phase of this Yang-Baxter system is investigated in detail.

Development of perianal ulcer as a result of acute fulminant amoebic colitis

We report a case of acute fulminant amoebic colitis that resulted in the development of a perianal ulcer in a 29-year-old Japanese homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patient was admitted to our hospital with a persistent perianal abscess that was refractory to antibiotic therapy adminis-tered at another hospital. On admission, we observed a giant ulcer in the perianal region. At first, cytomega-lovirus colitis was suspected by blood investigations. Ganciclovir therapy was initiated; however, the patient developed necrosis of the skin around the anus during therapy. We only performed end-sigmoidostomy and necrotomy to avoid excessive surgical invasion. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed the presence of trophozoite amoebae, indicating a final diagnosis of acute fulminant amoebic colitis. The patient's postoperative course was favorable, and proctectomy of the residual rectum was performed 11 mo later. Amoebic colitis is one of the most severe complications affecting patients with AIDS. Particularly, acute fulminant amoebic colitis may result in a poor prognosis; therefore, staged surgical therapy as a lessinvasive procedure should be considered as one of the treatment options for these patients.

Monitoring Response of Diadromous Populations to Fish Passage Improvements on a Massachusetts Coastal Stream

One technical fishway and two innovative nature-like fishways were installed at three dams on the Acushnet River in Acushnet, Massachusetts to facilitate migration of river herring and juvenile American eels （elvers）. Pre-construction and post-construction monitoring of river herring and elver populations used census counting and abundance estimation, respectively. Numbers of adult river herring returning to the upstream spawning grounds during the pre-construction phase were very low; elver counts declined during the pre-construction period and served as baseline levels to determine the effectiveness of the new fishways. Post-construction monitoring of river herring and elvers indicated an increasing trend of spawning adult river herring returning to the spawning grounds, with the total count in the fourth year of post-construction representing an increase of 1,140% over baseline, pre-construction conditions. Results also show increased elver recruitment into the river as well as increased proportions of elvers accessing habitat in the upper watershed that was mostly inaccessible prior to fishway installation. The new fishways at the three dams on the river have improved diadromous fish passage, thereby increasing the probability of restoring healthy populations of river herring and American eels to the Acushnet River system.

Current situation of simultaneous coal and methane extraction tech- nology in pressure-relieved coalbed group

The importance of simultaneous coal and methane extraction and its significance on green exploitation is stated, and current research situation of simultaneous coal and methane and faced new problems are introduced. The research progress on movement of overlying strata and stresses change in them, cracks development during mining in overlying strata and meth- ane emission under disturbance of mining as well as the changing rules of permeability and methane flow under the disturbance of mining is analyzed. The progress on practice of simultaneous coal and methane extraction is analyzed. The deficiencies of current research and further researching fields on simultaneous coal and methane extraction are pointed out.