眶上圆枕的形成及其意义

在眼眶上缘有突起的骨脊,叫眶上脊(supraorbital ridge),相当于活人生长眉毛的部位,所以通常也叫眉脊(superciliary ridge)。眶上脊或眉脊各人发达的程度不一,有的只是很微弱的隆起,有的则很粗壮,甚至眼眶中间的眉间部也同样非常凸出,与左右两侧凸出的骨脊连成一条横贯眼眶上方的枕状结构,叫做眶上圆枕(supraorbital torus),实际上是和眶上脊同一性质的骨脊。

Fabrication and Evaluation of Bragg Gratings on Optimally Designed Silicon-on-Insulator Rib Waveguides Using Electron-Beam Lithography

The fabrication of Bragg gratings on silicon-on-insulator （SOI） rib waveguides using electron-beam lithography is presented. The grating waveguide is optimally designed for actual photonic integration. Experimental and theoretical evaluations of the Bragg grating are demonstrated. By thinning the SOl device layer and deeply etching the Bragg grating, a large grating coupling coefficient of 30cm^-1 is obtained.

淡淡的微笑

糟了,还是出错了!匆匆把上午的帐目一对,整整少了1000元,心一下子发懵了,额头上脊背上冷汗直冒,怎么办?核了一遍又一遍,记得上午最大的一笔进款是一架珠江钢琴:8000元,好象是六扎100元的,两扎50元的,不错,问题就出在这里,这位顾客少交了1000元,我错把50的面额当作百元钞了!记起来了,这是一位来自邵阳地区的中年的女顾客。

1例聋哑人散发性脑炎后遗症的护理

患者男,41岁。1991年12月29日以散发性脑炎恢复期瘫痪伴褥疮入院。查体:体温37.4℃、脉搏80次/分,呼吸18次/分。血压12/8kpa,神志清,表情呆滞,耳聋声哑(自幼病后出现),心肺无异常,双下肢及左上肢肌力Ⅱ级,左髂前上脊处有一约2×3cm褥疮。表面湿润,有少许黄色脓性分泌物。右髋部有约4×4cm及尾骶部3×4cm大小的褥疮,表面干燥。经长达400多天的积极治疗和精心护理,在医护人员共同努力下,现病人神志恢复正常,瘫肢功能逐渐恢复,褥疮基本痊愈。

某车辐式双层索系屋盖结构介绍

通过对某商场大跨度圆伞型采光屋面结构的介绍，简要阐述了的车辐式双层索系结构的结构体系，供类似结构设计提供一定的参考。

Mechanical Stress Induces Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)

Grading procedure in routine sea cucumber hatchery production is thought to affect juvenile sea cucumber immunologi- cal response. The present study investigated the impact of a 3-min mechanical perturbation mimicking the grading procedure on neuroendocrine and immune parameters of the sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus. During the application of stress, concentrations of noradrenaline and dopamine in coelomic fluid increased significantly, indicating that the mechanical perturbation resulted in a transient state of stress in sea cucumbers. Coelomocytes concentration in coelomic fluid increased transiently after the beginning of stressing, and reached the maximum in 1 h. Whereas, coelomocytes phagocytosis at 3 min, superoxide anion production from 3 min to 0.5 h, acid phosphatase activity at 0.5 h, and phenoloxidase activity from 3 min to 0.5 h were all significantly down-regulated. All of the immune parameters recovered to baseline levels after the experiment was conducted for 8 h, and an immunostimulation occurred after the stress considering the phagocytosis and acid phosphatase activity. The results suggested that, as in other marine invertebrates, neuroendocrine/immnne connections exist in sea cucumber A. japonicus. Mechanical stress can elicit a profound influence on sea cucumber neuroendocrine system. Neuroendocrine messengers act in turn to modulate the immunity fimctions. Therefore, these ef- fects should be considered for developing better husbandry procedures.

The effect of electroacupuncture on the protein expression levels of Cyt-C, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in the bladder tissue of rats with neurogenic bladder after suprasacral spinal cord injury

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on the morphological change of the bladder tissue and the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in the bladder tissue of rats with neurogenic bladder after suprasacral spinal cord injury, and to preliminarily explore its partial mechanism of action. Methods Forty-eight female SD rats were randomly divided into blank group（group B）, sham operation group（group S）, model group（group M） and electroacupuncture group（group EA） according to random number table method with 12 rats in each group. Neurogenic bladder models after suprasacral spinal cord injury were established by adopting modified spinal cord transection method. Electroacupuncture intervention was conducted at ＂Cìliáo（次髎 BL 32）＂＂Zhōngjí（中极 CV 3）＂ ＂Sānyīnjiāo（三阴交 SP 6）＂ and ＂Dàzhuī（大椎 GV 14）＂ on the 19 th day after modeling. After treatment for 7 consecutive days, the rats were sacrificed, and the bladder tissues were removed rapidly for microscopic observation of morphological change after HE stain and for determination of the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 via Western blot method. Results① Under light microscope after HE stain, injury in varying degrees in muscle fiber arrangement and the shape and size of cells, etc. of bladder detrusor of rats in group M and group EA was found, and the degree of injury of detrusor in group M was severer than that in group EA;② comparison of the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, Pro-Caspase-9 and activated Caspase-9 between group M as well as group EA and group B as well as group S： the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, Pro-Caspase-9 and activated Caspase-9 in bladder tissue of rats in group M and group EA obviously increased（ P〈0.01, P〈0.05）; comparison between group EA and group M： the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, Pro-Caspase-9 and activated Caspase-9 in bladder tissue of rats in group EA obviously reduced（ P〈0.05）;③ comparison of the protein expression level of Caspase-3 between group M as well as group EA and group B as well as group S： the protein expression level of Pro-Caspase-3（35 KD） in group M and group EA reduced, and the protein expression level of activated Caspase-3（17 KD/19 KD） obviously increased（ P〈0.01, P〈0.05）; comparison between group EA andgroup M： the protein expression level of Pro-Caspase-3（35 KD） in group EA obviously increased, and the protein expression level of activated Caspase-3（17 KD/19 KD） obviously reduced（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion suprasacral spinal cord injury can increase the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, activated Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in bladder tissues of rats, and electroacupuncture at BL 32, CV 3, SP 6 and GV 14 can down-regulate the protein expression levels of cytochrome C, activated Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in bladder tissues of rats after suprasacral spinal cord injury and protect bladder tissue, which may be one of the mechanisms that electroacupuncture protects the involved bladder detrusor after suprasacral spinal cord injury.

Effect of Electroacupuncture on urodynamics, PACAP-38 and PAC1R of spinal cord in rats with neurogenic bladder

Objective： To investigate the effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture（EA） in the intervention of neurogenic bladder（NB） caused by suprasacral spinal cord injury（SCI）.Methods： The total 60 female Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats were divided into blank group, sham operation group by adopting random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. The remaining rats were made into models through operation, and 24 successful model rats were randomly divided into model group and EA group, with 12 rats in each group. Since the 19 th day after modeling, EA was conducted at ＂Cìliào＂（次髎BL 32）, ＂Zhōngjí＂（中极CV 3）,＂Sānyīnjiāo＂（三阴交SP 6） and ＂Dàzhuī＂（大椎GV 14） in EA group, remaining the needle for 20 min every time. The intervention was performed for once a day, and7 consecutive days were needed. The rest of the three groups were only tied up for the same time. Urodynamics test was conducted after the intervention. The contents of PACAP-38 and PAC1 R of the spinal cord of the injury site were detected by Western blot.Results： Compared with the blank group. there were no significant differences in the bladder capacity,leak point pressure, bladder compliance and PACAP-38 and PAC1 R contents in spinal cord in sham operation group; compared with the sham operation group, the maximum bladder capacity and the bladder compliance in the model group were lower（both P〈0.05）, the leak point pressure was higher（P〈0.05）,the contents of PACAP-38 and PAC1 R were lower（both P〈0.05）; compared with the model group, the maximum bladder capacity and the bladder compliance in the EA group were higher（both P〈0.05）, the leak point pressure was lower（P〈0.05）, the contents of PACAP-38 and PAC1 R were higher（both P〈0.05）.Conclusion： EA at BL 32, CV 3, SP 6 and GV 14 can improve the bladder function of NB rats of suprasacral SCI, and its mechanism may be related to the increase expression of PACAP-38 and PAC1 R protein in the injured spinal cord tissue.