不同产地品种、不同茬口对半夏产量的影响

本文作者通过半夏不同产地品种、不同茬口对半夏产量的影响研究,旨在鉴定和评价西和县生产上所用半夏栽培常规种茎与组织培养种茎的丰产性,适应性、稳产性,以及不同产地品种在不同茬口下的产量,从而降低生产成本、提质增效,为当地半夏科学种植提供理论及实践依据。研究结果发现,小麦茬口下,组培种、江西、重庆、湖北产种茎分别较甘肃西和县本地产种茎,增产21.25%、3.54%、0.81%、0.43%;大蒜茬口下,组培种、重庆、江西、湖北产种茎较甘肃西和县本地产种茎,增产21.88%、13.61%、4.00%、2.13%;且大蒜茬口产量普遍高于小麦茬口。同一品种半夏小麦茬口与大蒜茬口产量间存在极显著性差异(P=0.859**<0.01)。生产上建议选择在大蒜茬口种植组织培养种茎较好。

双波长比色法测定不同产地和品种青稞中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的含量

利用一种更简便、准确的双波长比色法来测定不同产地和品种青稞中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的含量,以此代替以往复杂繁琐的样品前处理过程。根据双波长比色原理——若溶液中某溶质在两个波长下均有吸收,则两个波长的吸收差值与该溶质浓度成正比,以及根据直链淀粉和支链淀粉与碘试剂作用分别产生纯蓝色和紫红色的性质,用紫外分光光度计对两种淀粉与碘试剂的反应液进行全波长扫描（450~900nm）,用作图法在同一个坐标系里确定其各自的测定波长和参比波长。结果测得直链淀粉的测定波长和参比波长分别为560nm和506nm,支链淀粉的测定波长和参比波长分别为545nm和722nm。青稞中直链淀粉和支链淀粉分别在0.20~0.59mg和0.50~3.00mg范围内具有良好的线性关系（R2=0.9993和R2=0.9995）,平均加样回收率分别为91.14%和91.73%,RSD分别为1.70%和2.25%（n=9）。该方法简便、准确、稳定性和重现性好,适用于测定青稞中直链淀粉和支链淀粉的含量,可为青稞的质量控制提供依据。

Influences of Surface Drip Irrigation on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Several New Species of Guitang Sugarcane

[Objective] This paper discussed the influences of surface drip irrigation on the growth, yield and quality of several new species of Guitang, in order to provide references for the promotion of new species and high-yield cultivation. [Method] One species is planted in each region, and there were two controls dripping technology or no-dripping technology in each region. [Results] The average yield of dripping-pro- cessed land was 115.91 t/hm2, which was 19.73 t/hm2 higher than the control. The maximum output was GT31, followed by GT34. The output of all Guitang new species was higher than the control ROC22. The average sucrose of dripped sug- arcane was 14.68%, which was 0.19% less than the control of 14.83%. The drip- ping technology was economically beneficial, rising by 15.2% compared with the control. The highest dripping efficiency was GT31, while the lowest one was ROC22. The increasing ratios of drip irrigation efficiency of the tested new Guitang species were higher than ROC22. [Conclusions] Under the drip irrigation condition, the sugarcane yield was extremely higher than the control of non-dripping irrigation, and the economic efficiency was significant. However, the sugar in the sugarcane declined slightly. The sensitivity of several new Guitang species to water was higher than the control ROC22.

苋菜秋冬季种植生长生理特性及其栽培技术分析

以8种不同产地的苋菜品种为材料,在肇庆地区持续2年采用露地与设施大棚栽培的方式,探讨秋冬季苋菜的生长生理特性,为反季节高效优质栽培苋菜提供科学依据。结果表明:露地栽培地9~28°C温度变幅,明显抑制苋菜植株的正常生长。特选尖叶苋菜(TL)、新白苋菜(XL)品种的发芽率低于50%,各品种植株显著矮化,圆叶白苋菜(YL)、XL株高仅为5 cm左右。大棚栽培的各苋菜品种的发芽率、株高、叶长、叶宽、生物量明显优于露地的栽培方式。露地栽培显著提高苋菜叶中叶绿素SPAD值、苋菜红素、总酚和类黄酮等次生代谢物的积累,为苋菜在本地区秋冬季试行种植提供了生理依据。红叶型苋菜品种对中度低温胁迫适应性更强, 3种次生代谢物含量与总抗氧化能力均高于绿叶型品种。供试的8种苋菜品种中, YL、TL、XL品种并不适合在广东肇庆地区秋冬季节栽培。苋菜在当地的反季节栽培,建议采取设施大棚的种植方式,选用江西产地的圆叶红苋菜(YH)或广西产地的优选快大尖叶青苋菜(KL)品种,可达到较好的经济收益。