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出口退税中政策信息不对称的表现形式
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作者 周宗帅 《中国外资》 2009年第4期8-8,共1页
运用信息不对称理论和博弈论,提出了出口退税中政策信息不对称表现为地方政府间的出口退税信息不对称和政府与企业间的出口退税信息不对称。
关键词 出口退税 政策信息 不对称表现 信息不对称理论 博弈论
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Transformation optics applied to van der Waals interactions 被引量:4
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作者 Rongkuo Zhao Yu Luo J.B.Pendry 《Science Bulletin》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第1期59-67,共9页
The van der Waals force originates from the electromagnetic interaction between quantum fluctuationinduced charges. It is a ubiquitous but subtle force which plays an important role and has a wide range of application... The van der Waals force originates from the electromagnetic interaction between quantum fluctuationinduced charges. It is a ubiquitous but subtle force which plays an important role and has a wide range of applications in surface related phenomena like adhesion, friction,and colloidal stability. Calculating the van der Waals force between closely spaced metallic nanoparticles is very challenging due to the strong concentration of electromagnetic fields at the nanometric gap. Especially, at such a small length scale, the macroscopic description of the dielectric properties no longer suffices. The diffuse nonlocal nature of the induced surface electrons which are smeared out near the boundary has to be considered. Here,we review the recent progress on using three-dimensional transformation optics to study the van der Waals forces between closely spaced nanostructures. Through mapping a seemingly asymmetric system to a more symmetric counterpart, transformation optics enables us to look into the behavior of van der Waals forces at extreme length scales,where the effect of nonlocality is found to dramatically weaken the van der Waals interactions. 展开更多
关键词 van der Waals forces Transformationoptics NONLOCALITY PLASMONICS
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