Currently, knowledge-based sharing and service system has been a hot issue and knowledge fusion, especially for implicit knowledge discovery, becomes the core of knowledge processing and optimization in the system. In...Currently, knowledge-based sharing and service system has been a hot issue and knowledge fusion, especially for implicit knowledge discovery, becomes the core of knowledge processing and optimization in the system. In the research, a knowledge fusion framework based on agricultural ontology and fusion rules was pro- posed, including knowledge extraction, clearing and annotation modules based on a- gricultural ontology, fusion rule construction, choosing and evaluation modules based on agricultural ontology and knowledge fusion module for users＇ demands. Finally, the significance of the framework to system of agricultural knowledge services was proved with the help of a case.展开更多
The more diverse the ways and means of information acquisition are,the more complex and various the types of information are. The qualities of available information are usually uncertain,vague,imprecise,incomplete,and...The more diverse the ways and means of information acquisition are,the more complex and various the types of information are. The qualities of available information are usually uncertain,vague,imprecise,incomplete,and so on. However,the information is modeled and fused traditionally in particular,name some of the known theories: evidential,fuzzy sets,possibilistic,rough sets or conditional events,etc. For several years,researchers have explored the unification of theories enabling the fusion of multisource information and have finally considered random set theory as a powerful mathematical tool. This paper attempts to overall review the close relationships between random set theory and other theories,and introduce recent research results which present how different types of information can be dealt with in this unified framework. Finally,some possible future directions are discussed.展开更多
The recent establishment of a digital culture and society, together with current financial crisis and urgent energetic and climatic needs, has radically changed the architectural scene from the optimism of some years ...The recent establishment of a digital culture and society, together with current financial crisis and urgent energetic and climatic needs, has radically changed the architectural scene from the optimism of some years ago to a situation of uncertainty and huge social demands and challenges. In this context, it is suggested to rethink the role of structure in architecture, such as an enabler, a guide and a catalyst. The purpose of this paper is to present the economic, cultural and social context in which architecture develops nowadays. The method, to suggest a discussion on which role the structure may adopt in the architecture to come. The achievement, to highlight its potential to face current requirements and challenges.展开更多
According to the Top 1,000 world banks released by the British authoritative magazine The Banker, the profits made by Chinese banking industry in 2011 had accounted for one-third of the global banking profits, and nea...According to the Top 1,000 world banks released by the British authoritative magazine The Banker, the profits made by Chinese banking industry in 2011 had accounted for one-third of the global banking profits, and nearly 100 banks had been included in the Top 1,000 world banks list. This proves that China＇s commercial banks have been standing in the forefront of the world. While achieving such impressive results, China＇s risks and uncertainties due to the constraints of the internal and external environment cannot be ignored. Those risks are mainly about the risks of the over-estimation of the expected return for financial products, the high credit concentration, as well as the seldom use of financially derivative products. Therefore, it is difficult to avoid risks by the portfolio management, which restricts the further improvement of the competitiveness of commercial banks.展开更多
This research shows the current status and the future prospects of green financing in Korea. Green financing is currently on the initial stage in Korea, just like the green growth policy. Thus, banks are contextually ...This research shows the current status and the future prospects of green financing in Korea. Green financing is currently on the initial stage in Korea, just like the green growth policy. Thus, banks are contextually not willing to invest or loan in the green technology or industry for profitability, because the high uncertainty （risk） exists and because Korean people have little concern on green financing, though they have recognized the necessity of green growth. Therefore, the reinforcement of government＇s role is suggested in this research. The public financial agencies are now very important in popularizing the green financing in Korea, and the most effective policy will be the credit guarantee for green technologies or companies provided by public agencies, as shown in the financing policy for the small and middle enterprises. Regarding public efforts, banks should try to perform green financing for both their own profitability and social benefit together with the step-by-step approach, according to the growth stage of green industry and green financing.展开更多
The threats concerning financial stability seriously affect the overall functioning of the economy at a local, regional, national, and continental level instead of a global level, and therefore, the emphasis is laid o...The threats concerning financial stability seriously affect the overall functioning of the economy at a local, regional, national, and continental level instead of a global level, and therefore, the emphasis is laid on analyzing the causes and effects of such threats. Financial crises in the current decade, as well as those in the past have shown that a major cause of instability in the global market is the so-called financial contagion. This leads to a natural question： whether similar authorities could specify and mitigate these shocks through efficient calculation followed by stability measures taken by banking networks. To answer this question, an empirical research was conducted by analyzing the degree of contagion induced by markets in Central and Eastern Europe, based on an econometric model, involving over 17 European countries, from January 2006 to January 2013.展开更多
The geochemical study of the Earth's mantle provides important constraints on our understanding of the formation and evolution of Earth, its internal structure, and the mantle dynamics. The bulk Earth composition ...The geochemical study of the Earth's mantle provides important constraints on our understanding of the formation and evolution of Earth, its internal structure, and the mantle dynamics. The bulk Earth composition is inferred by comparing terrestrial mantle rocks with chondrites, which leads to the chondritic Earth model. That is, Earth has the same relative proportions of refractory elements as that in chondrites, but it is depleted in volatiles. Ocean island basalts(OIB) may be produced by mantle plumes with possible deep origins; consequently, they provide unique opportunity to study the deep Earth. Isotopic variations within OIB can be described using a limited number of mantle endmembers, such as EM1, EM2 and HIMU, and they have been used to decipher important mantle processes. Introduction of crustal material into the deep mantle via subduction and delamination is important in generating mantle heterogeneity; however, there is active debate on how they were sampled by mantle melting, i.e.,the role of olivine-poor lithologies in the OIB petrogenesis. The origin and location of high 3He/4He mantle remain controversial,ranging from unprocessed(or less processed) primitive material in the lower mantle to highly processed materials with shallow origins, including ancient melting residues, mafic cumulates under arcs, and recycled hydrous minerals. Possible core-mantle interaction was hypothesized to introduce distinctive geochemical signatures such as radiogenic 186 Os and Fe and Ni enrichment in the OIB. Small but important variations in some short-lived nuclides, including 142 Nd, 182 W and several Xe isotopes, have been reported in ancient and modern terrestrial rocks, implying that the Earth's mantle must have been differentiated within the first 100 Myr of its formation, and the mantle is not efficiently homogenized by mantle convection.展开更多
基金Supported by Specialized Funds of CASIndividual Service System of Agricultural Information in Tibet(2012-J-08)+1 种基金Science and Technology Funds of CASMultimedia Information Service in Rural Area based on 3G Information Terminal(201219)~~
文摘Currently, knowledge-based sharing and service system has been a hot issue and knowledge fusion, especially for implicit knowledge discovery, becomes the core of knowledge processing and optimization in the system. In the research, a knowledge fusion framework based on agricultural ontology and fusion rules was pro- posed, including knowledge extraction, clearing and annotation modules based on a- gricultural ontology, fusion rule construction, choosing and evaluation modules based on agricultural ontology and knowledge fusion module for users＇ demands. Finally, the significance of the framework to system of agricultural knowledge services was proved with the help of a case.
基金Supported in part by the NSFC (No.60934009,60874105)the ZJNSF (Y1080422, R106745)NCET (08-0345)
文摘The more diverse the ways and means of information acquisition are,the more complex and various the types of information are. The qualities of available information are usually uncertain,vague,imprecise,incomplete,and so on. However,the information is modeled and fused traditionally in particular,name some of the known theories: evidential,fuzzy sets,possibilistic,rough sets or conditional events,etc. For several years,researchers have explored the unification of theories enabling the fusion of multisource information and have finally considered random set theory as a powerful mathematical tool. This paper attempts to overall review the close relationships between random set theory and other theories,and introduce recent research results which present how different types of information can be dealt with in this unified framework. Finally,some possible future directions are discussed.
文摘The recent establishment of a digital culture and society, together with current financial crisis and urgent energetic and climatic needs, has radically changed the architectural scene from the optimism of some years ago to a situation of uncertainty and huge social demands and challenges. In this context, it is suggested to rethink the role of structure in architecture, such as an enabler, a guide and a catalyst. The purpose of this paper is to present the economic, cultural and social context in which architecture develops nowadays. The method, to suggest a discussion on which role the structure may adopt in the architecture to come. The achievement, to highlight its potential to face current requirements and challenges.
文摘According to the Top 1,000 world banks released by the British authoritative magazine The Banker, the profits made by Chinese banking industry in 2011 had accounted for one-third of the global banking profits, and nearly 100 banks had been included in the Top 1,000 world banks list. This proves that China＇s commercial banks have been standing in the forefront of the world. While achieving such impressive results, China＇s risks and uncertainties due to the constraints of the internal and external environment cannot be ignored. Those risks are mainly about the risks of the over-estimation of the expected return for financial products, the high credit concentration, as well as the seldom use of financially derivative products. Therefore, it is difficult to avoid risks by the portfolio management, which restricts the further improvement of the competitiveness of commercial banks.
文摘This research shows the current status and the future prospects of green financing in Korea. Green financing is currently on the initial stage in Korea, just like the green growth policy. Thus, banks are contextually not willing to invest or loan in the green technology or industry for profitability, because the high uncertainty （risk） exists and because Korean people have little concern on green financing, though they have recognized the necessity of green growth. Therefore, the reinforcement of government＇s role is suggested in this research. The public financial agencies are now very important in popularizing the green financing in Korea, and the most effective policy will be the credit guarantee for green technologies or companies provided by public agencies, as shown in the financing policy for the small and middle enterprises. Regarding public efforts, banks should try to perform green financing for both their own profitability and social benefit together with the step-by-step approach, according to the growth stage of green industry and green financing.
文摘The threats concerning financial stability seriously affect the overall functioning of the economy at a local, regional, national, and continental level instead of a global level, and therefore, the emphasis is laid on analyzing the causes and effects of such threats. Financial crises in the current decade, as well as those in the past have shown that a major cause of instability in the global market is the so-called financial contagion. This leads to a natural question： whether similar authorities could specify and mitigate these shocks through efficient calculation followed by stability measures taken by banking networks. To answer this question, an empirical research was conducted by analyzing the degree of contagion induced by markets in Central and Eastern Europe, based on an econometric model, involving over 17 European countries, from January 2006 to January 2013.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. NSF EAR-1524387)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41590620)
文摘The geochemical study of the Earth's mantle provides important constraints on our understanding of the formation and evolution of Earth, its internal structure, and the mantle dynamics. The bulk Earth composition is inferred by comparing terrestrial mantle rocks with chondrites, which leads to the chondritic Earth model. That is, Earth has the same relative proportions of refractory elements as that in chondrites, but it is depleted in volatiles. Ocean island basalts(OIB) may be produced by mantle plumes with possible deep origins; consequently, they provide unique opportunity to study the deep Earth. Isotopic variations within OIB can be described using a limited number of mantle endmembers, such as EM1, EM2 and HIMU, and they have been used to decipher important mantle processes. Introduction of crustal material into the deep mantle via subduction and delamination is important in generating mantle heterogeneity; however, there is active debate on how they were sampled by mantle melting, i.e.,the role of olivine-poor lithologies in the OIB petrogenesis. The origin and location of high 3He/4He mantle remain controversial,ranging from unprocessed(or less processed) primitive material in the lower mantle to highly processed materials with shallow origins, including ancient melting residues, mafic cumulates under arcs, and recycled hydrous minerals. Possible core-mantle interaction was hypothesized to introduce distinctive geochemical signatures such as radiogenic 186 Os and Fe and Ni enrichment in the OIB. Small but important variations in some short-lived nuclides, including 142 Nd, 182 W and several Xe isotopes, have been reported in ancient and modern terrestrial rocks, implying that the Earth's mantle must have been differentiated within the first 100 Myr of its formation, and the mantle is not efficiently homogenized by mantle convection.
