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李约瑟的科学编史学 一种地方性知识研究进路 被引量:2
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作者 黄翔 刘嵘 《科学文化评论》 2015年第5期35-53,共19页
萨顿和李约瑟在去世前均未完成自己庞大的研究计划。萨顿殁后其计划无人能续,李约瑟的《中国的科学与文明》却在后续者的努力下逐渐接近于完成。两者身后的不同际遇并非偶然。一个重要的理论原因是李约瑟的研究符合后萨顿时代科学编史... 萨顿和李约瑟在去世前均未完成自己庞大的研究计划。萨顿殁后其计划无人能续,李约瑟的《中国的科学与文明》却在后续者的努力下逐渐接近于完成。两者身后的不同际遇并非偶然。一个重要的理论原因是李约瑟的研究符合后萨顿时代科学编史学注重地方性知识的特征。本文论证从科学实践而非科学理论的视角出发,李约瑟的科学编史学可被看成为一种对科学的地方性研究进路。它具有历史主义、与境主义和超越内在史和外在史二分这三个特征。同时,以实践为中心的异质性科学观也使我们看到地方性知识与建立在其拓展能力上的一般性并不相互冲突,以此回应一些学者对李约瑟科学编史学中的地方性特征的质疑。 展开更多
关键词 乔治·萨顿 李约瑟 地方性知识 科学编史学 与境主义
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Environmental Nexus: and You Will Know Us by Our Places
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作者 Lineu Castello Marcos Petroli 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2010年第5期29-36,共8页
The paper investigates the places of an urban region inside a Biosphere Reserve in southern Brazil and explores the potentialities for synergies between their biological and sociocultural systems. It assumes: (i) t... The paper investigates the places of an urban region inside a Biosphere Reserve in southern Brazil and explores the potentialities for synergies between their biological and sociocultural systems. It assumes: (i) the perception of their regional rootedness works beneficially for enhancing sustainability; (ii) current progress in place's conceptualization helps in the quest for sustainability, since the core factors of the concept deal precisely with the relationships between people and environment. The paper works both with the perception of existing, as invented places, analysing the perception they stimulate. Real places are seen as socially constructed; invented places, as economically promoted. Selection of empirical regional cases is based on their: perception (real and invented places); scale (urban and ex-urban); management (public or private). In the area of Architecture-Urbanism, place is a created environmental form, imbued with symbolic significance to its users. In the present shift of paradigms from modernism to postmodernism, the discipline evolves towards a more thorough concern with the philosophical implications of places on phenomenological grounds. Also, the making and marketing of new places become increasingly accepted as influential tools to foster prosperity and well-being, by means of the economic development attributed to the creation of places. The concerted private and public management of the region's places and the restrained design they presently employ are providing grounds for an affluent development, showing a wise use of the regional resources. Altogether, it seems inhabitants have learned how to work in conjunction with the environment. This hints at a clear manifestation of sustainable development, worth investigating. Presumably, the concept of place, positioned as it is at the very interface of physical, social, economic and behavioural disciplines, seems to provide a likely means for tackling the challenges for a sustained regional development planning. 展开更多
关键词 Place theory environmental perception postmodern urbanism urban biosphere reserves.
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国际STS研究范式的演化 被引量:9
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作者 吴永忠 《自然辩证法研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2009年第12期73-77,共5页
范式问题关系到STS研究的学术视野、理论取向、研究方法、基本性质、本真精神和学术事业的进一步发展。以历史与逻辑相统一的观点看,作为新兴的综合性、交叉性的学术领域,国际STS的研究范式的演化总体上主要经历了与境主义、建构主义、... 范式问题关系到STS研究的学术视野、理论取向、研究方法、基本性质、本真精神和学术事业的进一步发展。以历史与逻辑相统一的观点看,作为新兴的综合性、交叉性的学术领域,国际STS的研究范式的演化总体上主要经历了与境主义、建构主义、行动主义三个阶段。 展开更多
关键词 STS 研究范式 与境主义 建构主义 行动主义
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