Study on Driving Technology Innovation Using Patent Management Mechanism

In order to improve the cigarette enterprise technology innovation and patent management status, the macro work should start from the four aspects of patent ideology introduction, patent organization design, perfecting patent system and implementation of specific measures, and attention should be attached to strengthen the cooperation of the cigarette enterprise management departments. On the other hand, Jn the microscopic work level, it should build the culture atmosphere of the entire tobacco industry respect intellectual property rights, actively cultivate the na- tional patent agents and patent engineers, and gradually promote the patent work to develop in the direction of specialization, self-independence, so as to construct a scientific mechanism for patent management, and enhance the core competitiveness of the tobacco industry.

引进专利柴油机技术资料标准化工作探讨

本文主要讨论了在生产引进专利柴油机的过程中，如何将专利公司的各种技术资料，材料及常用零件等标准转化为我国标准或相应的本企业标准。对各专利公司的一些通用零部件标准加以整理，制定出工厂标准加以统一规范。对一些较先进的技术规范、检测手段上升为工厂标准，并讨论了标准化工作如何在企业降本增益中发挥作用。

尊重科学 实事求是——“XGK专利轧机”真相

近年来,媒体上出现了不少XGK"专利轧机"的报导,称该"专利轧机"是"跨世纪发明","国际上三、五十年不可逾越的技术",等等。本文介绍了XGK"专利轧机"质量问题,国家专利复审委作出其专利权全部无效的决定,河南省高院作出专利权全部无效其诉讼请求应予驳回的终审判决以及"专利轧机"的真实水平。

复合载体夯扩桩施工技术优点

1工程概括 河北慧谷科技城科普教育中心位于河北省石家庄市槐中路与谈固东街交叉口西南角,建筑物长81m、宽16m,地上六层,地下一层,主体结构型式为钢筋混凝土框架结构,基础型式为桩基础.桩径Ф410,有效桩长为2.2m,砼强度等级C3O,设计单桩坚向抗压承载力特征值Ra=950kN,总桩数为117根.施工工艺为复合载体夯扩桩,此工艺在河北地区范围内属首次采用.

Studies of layout of world machine tools industry based on patent analysis

As the foundation of an industrialized country nowadays,machine tools industry is regarded as the engine of industrial development of a country.The developed countries,such as USA,Germany and Japan,have widely deployed the technology of using the patent in order to keep their strength in various fields.This research examins the CNC machine tools industry in the world by using the patent analysis method.It first gives an overview about the world patent application in CNC machine tools industry from 1963 to 2010 and divides the development of the industry into five stages.It also lists the patent application of the world top 20 countries,where the top 5 countries are compared.The patents of the world top 10 companies of machine tools manufacturers are mapped according to the international patent classification(IPC),and the future trends of world machine tools industry are discussed.Finally conclusions and suggestions are presented.

The Aircraft Industry in Japan： Niche Construction and Patent Portfolio Strategy

The Japanese aircraft industry changed its course in approximately 2007. Mitsubishi Heavy Industry （MHI） Co. launched a project in which regional jets （Mitsubishi Regional Jet （MILl）） reentered the airliner manufacturing market. Honda announced plans to develop, manufacture, and sell small passenger jets, or Honda Jets, in the United States （US） market. This paper summarizes the historical development of the industry using aircraft production statistics and analyzes the patent portfolio strategy from 1995 to 2006, a period in which MHI and Honda accumulated patents for the upcoming market entry. The author uses the following two measurements to evaluate niche widths among aircraft manufacturing companies： the Morishita＇s index and the principal component analysis. The former index is used in population ecology to measure overlapping species. The latter measurement is presented to clarify the validity of the Morishita＇s index. The author identifies MHI as a market leader, Kawasaki Heavy Industry （KHI） Co. as a challenger, Fuji Heavy Industry （FHI） Co. as a follower, and Honda as a nicher in the aircraft patent portfolio strategy in Japan.

Quantitative Characteristics of Patentable Applications in Japan： An Analysis Using Bibliographic Information of Application Documents

This study examined Japanese patents in terms of the quantitative characteristics of application documents that resulted in the acquisition of rights in order to clarify the relationship between the features and patentability of applications. The groups of approved applications and those that had not been approved were compared for 12 variables： publication time lag; numbers of inventors, classifications, pages, figures, tables, claims, priority claims, countries for priority claims, cited patents, and cited non-patent documents; and median of citation age. Furthermore, the authors carried out the experiments in which patent applications were automatically classified into two groups by the machine learning method, random forests. As a result, statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed for the following variables （p 〈 .001）： the numbers of inventors, pages, figures, claims, priority claims, and countries for priority claims were significantly larger in the group of approved applications, while the time lag until publication was smaller. In particular, the publication time lag and the numbers of inventors, pages, and figures were variables representing the features that largely contribute to discriminating approved applications in the classification using random forests, which implies that these have relatively strong relationships with patentability.

Evidence base of randomized controlled trials and guideline recommendations of patent Traditional Chinese Medicines for uncomplicated acute lower respiratory tract infections in adults

OBJECTIVE:To compare clinical practice guideline recommendations on the use of oral patent Traditional Chinese Medicines(PTCMs) for uncomplicated acute lower respiratory tract infections(ALRTIs)in adults with the existing evidence using results of a systematic review of randomized controlled trials(RCTs).METHODS:A systematic review on RCTs and a systematic review of current guidelines on orally taken PTCMs for uncomplicated ALRTIs were performed.Pub Med,Cochrane Library,EMBASE and four Chinese databases were searched from inception to September 2016 for RCTs testing orally taken PTCMs for uncomplicated ALRTIs(excluding pneumonia).Two reviewers independently screened each study,extracted study data,and assessed risk of bias.Disagreements were resolved through discussion or by consultation with a third reviewer.Clinical practice guidelines for uncomplicated ALRTIs containing PTCM recommendations were identified and quality appraised.The quality of pooled evidence of the RCTs and the guidelines was assessed with GRADE and AGREE Ⅱ respectively.The consistency of the evidence base in RCTs and the guideline recommendations were then compared.RESULTS:For the systematic review of RCTs,4810 papers were identified,among which 29 RCTs(5093 patients) were included in the review.PTCMs compared to placebo increased the effective treatment rate of cough(3 trials,949 patients,risk ratio(RR) 2.50,1.16 to 5.43;low certainty);improved assessment of global health(3 trials,948 patients,RR1.70,1.44 to 2.01;low certainty);and increased the effective rate of specific symptom relief(1 trial,478 patients,RR 4.01,2.76 to 5.81;moderate certainty).21 trials(3432 patients) compared effects of different PTCMs.For the guideline evaluation,29 PTCMs were recommended for the use of uncomplicated ALRTIs,of which27 had no supportive evidence from RCTs.CONCLUSION:The evidence base of PTCMs for uncomplicated ALRTIs is weak and the guideline recommendations were based on almost no clinical trial evidence.Rigorous clinical research is urgently needed to inform the clinical use of these herbal medicines.Further training in evidence-based medicine methods for Traditional Chinese Medicine guideline developers is essential.

Chinese patent medicine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on principles of tonifying Qi, promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis, and resolving phlegm: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine(CPM) with the principle of tonifying Qi, promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis, and resolving phlegm(TQ-PBC-RP)in the management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) identified from electronic databases and print was conducted. RCTs testing CPMs with TQ-PBC-RP against any type of controlled intervention in patients with stable COPD and assessing clinically relevant outcomes were included. Methodological quality was evaluated with the risk of bias tool according to systematic review handbook 5.0.2. Quality of evidence was estimatedby the rating approach developed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development,and Evaluation Working Group.RESULTS: Thirteen eligible RCTs with 12 oral CPMs were tested. Significant differences between groups in favor of CPMs were not reported in all trials. Most trials included were deemed to be of low methodological quality with poor evidence quality.Because of large data heterogeneity, statistical pooling was not performed for all outcomes.CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of CPM in the treatment of stable COPD is not supported by evidence. Currently, evidence from RCTs is scarce and methodologically weak. Considering the popularity of CPMs among patients undergoing COPD, rigorously designed trials are warranted.