科研基金项目评审工作的成败很大程度上取决于评审专家的水平。为此,提出了一种面向科研基金项目评审的专家水平评价方法。首先,对专家以往评审科研基金项目情况和获得科研基金项目情况两方面的评价指标进行描述,并给出评价指标的计算公...科研基金项目评审工作的成败很大程度上取决于评审专家的水平。为此,提出了一种面向科研基金项目评审的专家水平评价方法。首先,对专家以往评审科研基金项目情况和获得科研基金项目情况两方面的评价指标进行描述,并给出评价指标的计算公式;然后,通过构建评审专家水平的二维坐标评价图对备选评审专家进行初筛;在此基础上,给出了一种基于TOPSIS(Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal So-lution)的专家水平评价方法。通过实例分析验证了该方法的实用性和有效性,为科研基金项目评审的专家遴选提供了决策支持。展开更多
Purpose： The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise （externally-paced vs. self-paced sports） and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovas...Purpose： The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise （externally-paced vs. self-paced sports） and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. Methods： Three groups of children （11.0 ± 0.2 years） differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation （football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20） took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task （PVT） to evaluate their vigilance performance under 2 conditions of velocity demands （normal vs. speed）. Results： The results revealed that both groups of sport practitioners had higher cardiovascular fitness than non-athlete controls. In contrast, no significant differences in the performance PVT were found between track and field athletes and controls. Crucially, football players showed better performance in the PVT than track and field athletes and controls. These between-group differences were not modulated by the speed demands of the task. Conclusion： The major novel finding of this research points to a positive relationship between sport participation and vigilance performance during childhood. We discuss our results in terms of the different hypotheses put forward in the literature to explain the relationship between regular exercise and cognitive fimctioning： the ＂cardiovascular fitness＂ and the ＂cognitive component skills＂ hypotheses.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.展开更多
文摘科研基金项目评审工作的成败很大程度上取决于评审专家的水平。为此,提出了一种面向科研基金项目评审的专家水平评价方法。首先,对专家以往评审科研基金项目情况和获得科研基金项目情况两方面的评价指标进行描述,并给出评价指标的计算公式;然后,通过构建评审专家水平的二维坐标评价图对备选评审专家进行初筛;在此基础上,给出了一种基于TOPSIS(Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal So-lution)的专家水平评价方法。通过实例分析验证了该方法的实用性和有效性,为科研基金项目评审的专家遴选提供了决策支持。
基金supported by a Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura predoctoral grant(FPU13-05605)to RBproject research grants:Junta de Andalucia Proyecto de Excelencia(SEJ-6414)+1 种基金Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(PSI2013-46385)to DS and FHMinisterio de Economia y Competitividad(PSI2016-75956-P)to DS
文摘Purpose： The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise （externally-paced vs. self-paced sports） and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. Methods： Three groups of children （11.0 ± 0.2 years） differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation （football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20） took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task （PVT） to evaluate their vigilance performance under 2 conditions of velocity demands （normal vs. speed）. Results： The results revealed that both groups of sport practitioners had higher cardiovascular fitness than non-athlete controls. In contrast, no significant differences in the performance PVT were found between track and field athletes and controls. Crucially, football players showed better performance in the PVT than track and field athletes and controls. These between-group differences were not modulated by the speed demands of the task. Conclusion： The major novel finding of this research points to a positive relationship between sport participation and vigilance performance during childhood. We discuss our results in terms of the different hypotheses put forward in the literature to explain the relationship between regular exercise and cognitive fimctioning： the ＂cardiovascular fitness＂ and the ＂cognitive component skills＂ hypotheses.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.
