试解小晏专意令词之谜

试解小晏专意令词之谜刘庆云晏几道因沉沦下僚，在《宋史》中无传，连在晏殊传后作附传的资格也没有，因之清代顾梁汾大为感叹：“燠凉之态，浸淫而入于风雅。”近人况周颐对“其名殆由恃父以传”亦怀不平之意。（引文均见《蕙风词话》卷二）夏承焘先生作《二晏年谱》，虽...

太平军北伐的酝酿过程

一八五三年太平军进行北伐以前,有一个较长时间的酝酿过程,其间还发生过多次争论。这同北伐战役的进行和结局,关系密切。弄清北伐战役的酝酿过程,将有助于探讨太平军北伐失败的原因及其教训。 1 太平军北伐的酝酿,可以追溯到太平天国起义的发动时期。十九世纪四十年代末,有的领导成员在广西“谋立创国”,准备武装起义时,就曾经提出过“一打南京。

姚培谦年谱简编

姚培谦,字平山,出身金山望族,躬逢康乾盛世,恪守向学尚志的宗风,人与文俱高。其一生,四易其名:姚培本、周廷谦、姚廷谦、姚培谦,而以姚培谦之名最为世人所熟知。培谦早年以儒家思想为主导,以光振家业为己任,勤勉事功,希刚健有为。雍正十一年因科场案牵连,而无辜下狱,事白归家,杜门谢绝世事,皈依释老,以著述为务,思文章报国。培谦一生屡经忧患,而不失其素;四遭名公举荐,却一再力辞,不求闻达。其阅历深而学问熟,能力行善举,惠济桑梓,虽造诣崇高,德业并茂,却冲乎自下,自甘淡泊,堪为乡邦式,为儒者光。

Implementation strategies to improve evidence-based practice for post-stroke dysphagia identification and management:A before-andafter study

Objectives Even though guidelines are available to guide dysphagia identification and management practice,there is still a gap between evidence and practice,which requires improvement.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using tailored,multifaceted strategies to improve evidence-based post-stroke dysphagia identification and management practice in a community hospital.Methods Guided by the Knowledge to Action framework,the tailored,multifaceted strategies were developed and implemented for 5 months in a community hospital using a before-and-after study design.These strategies consisted of training intervention,policy intervention,and audit and feedback intervention.Nurses’level of knowledge and adherence,were collected in March 2019 and again in January 2020.Patients’quality of life and satisfaction were evaluated during the pre-intervention period(between February 2019 and April 2019)and the post-intervention period(between November 2019 and January 2020).Results A total of 55 patients with post-stroke dysphagia(28 in the pre-intervention period and 27 in the post-intervention period)and 17 registered nurses were recruited.Following implementation,there were statistically significant improvements in patients’outcomes(quality of life and satisfaction)and nurses’outcomes(level of knowledge and adherence).Conclusions This study assists in closing the research-practice gap by using tailored,multifaceted strategies to increase the use of evidence-based nursing care for dysphagia identification and management practices.

A Delphi Approach to the Selection of Good Agricultural Practices （GAPs） for Resilience Enhancement for Dry Land Farmers in North-Western Nigeria

An earlier baseline study （Jellason et al. in preparation） has identified some of the key challenges faced by farmers and from that, appropriate Good Agricultural Practices （GAPs） have been selected for the environment the farmers find themselves in and based on a review of available literature. Farmer action plans for enhancing smallholder resilience, GHGs emission mitigation and food security for these dry lands were developed. Expert opinions on the applicability of the selected GAPs to inform farmer co-learning and to validate the suitability of these practices in a dry land context were sought through the Delphi study. Experts were also invited to offer suggestions for improvement of the training action plan. Two rounds of a modified Delphi survey were carried out with experts from diverse backgrounds and locations across the globe to solicit their opinion. Results show that experts＇ agreement was reached on most of the action plan items. The results and opinions obtained from the survey were reviewed and adapted into the action plan leading to the development of GAPs for the co-learning exercise.

Satisfaction with patient-doctor relationships in inflammatory bowel diseases:Examining patient-initiated change of specialist

AIM:To assess the reasons for,and factors associated with,patient-initiated changes in treating specialist in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).METHODS:Prospectively identified IBD patients(n = 256) with ≥ 1 encounter at a metropolitan hospital were surveyed,including whether they had changed treating specialist and why.Negative reasons included loss of confidence,disagreement,and/or personality clash with the specialist.RESULTS:Of 162 respondents,70(43%) had ever changed specialists;30/70(43%) for negative reasons,52/70(74%) in the preceding year.Patients with negative reasons for changing(n = 30) were younger(median,35.2 years vs 45.3 years),had higher IBD knowledge(median,5.0 years vs 4.0 years),yet had lower medication adherence and satisfaction scores(median,19.0 years vs 22.0 years,14.0 years vs 16.0 years respectively,Mann-Whitney tests,all P < 0.05),compared to all other responders(n = 132).Patients with a recent change(for any reason) were more likely to have Crohn's disease,currently active disease,previous bowel resection and recent hospitalization [OR 2.6,95% CI(1.3-5.4),2.2(1.0-4.7),5.56(1.92-16.67),2.0(1.3-3.0),eachP < 0.05].CONCLUSION:Changing specialist appears associated with patient-related(age,nonadherence) and contemporaneous disease-related factors(recent relapse) which,where modifiable,may enhance patient-doctor relationships and therefore quality of care.

Social Science Communication Through Dialogic Interactions

The study in this paper that draws on dialogic interaction is a focus of investigation as the way to communicate social sciences to the public. In science communication people, for example, experts or scientists attempt to persuade lay people about the validity of their assessments. Currently dialogue in science communication might be seen as an important way to deliver information about sciences to the public as previously communicating science was conducted through top-down approaches. In addition, currently there is a tendency that people prefer to deliver and to receive information about sciences through two-way communication models between two or more parties, face-to-face or mediated by any means of communication as this way of communication is seen as more interactive. In the context of Indonesia, in terms of social science communication, this is an important phenomenon to investigate as two-way communication models might bridge the gap between expert opinion and lay opinion, where lay opinion is often seen as irrational or emotional. However, there are still a small number of studies with regard to how social sciences are communicated to the public and in what ways people preferred to deliver, moreover to discuss information within social sciences. One of the potential reasons is that research on science communication is mainly focused on natural and physical sciences. Since the study in this paper focuses on dialogic interactions in social science communication, this study will contribute to the current discussions of mass communication, in terms of science communication, and to related fields.

Research on the Calculation Model of Residents＇ Cultural Happiness Index from the Perspective of Public Culture

In order to measure the status quo of residents＇ cultural well-being, this paper adopts a combination of theoretical research and empirical research： According to the current relevant research results, the index system of residents＇ cultural well-being index is proposed. The determination of index weights is a combination of hierarchical analysis and expert opinions. And to build the evaluation model.

Investigation and analysis of the job-hunting intentions and employment orientations of students majored in nursing

In recent years, China＇s employment problem of the college graduates has become a hot topic in the communities. Each year there are a large number of the graduating students, but few can find the job suitable for their own professional direction in colleges and universities. The employment problems have plagued the university graduates, and also have brought the unnecessary trouble to some students in the colleges. The college students have just entered the society, and they do not understand a lot of the social status very well, and have very little experience in the employment. In order to reduce the pressure of the employment of the university students, and help the graduate students bettor get employed, also to make the college students have a better planning for their future, in this paper, the author carried out the investigation and analysis of the job-hunting intentions and the employment orientations of the students majored in nursing, hoping to hclp the employment of the college students in some aspects, and do a good job in the planning of their career.

Socio-cultural Embeddedness of Spatial Agglomeration of Creative Industries in Shanghai

Rapidly emerged creative industries receive increasing attention from a variety of disciplines. However, the space features of creative industries and its association with local socio-cultural contexts have not been fully understood, especially at a micro-city level. This study attempts to understand the agglomeration of creative industries in Shanghai from the sociology perspective. For this study, this paper utilizes primarily a questionnaire survey to explain the space features of creative industries in Shanghai. The results indicate an extensive socio-cultural embeddedness of the agglomeration of creative industries in Shanghai. First, strong emphasis on face-to-face contacts by creative professionals makes geographical agglomeration necessary for creative industries. Second, the reason why inner city of Shanghai is popular among creative professionals and enterprises lies in the diversity of cultures and special environment of the former colonial zones of Shanghai. Additionally, highly concentrated dining and entertainment facilities in the central city of Shanghai offer creative workers social networking places and nightlife venues. Third, as the educational attainment of local citizens and the protection of intellectual property are highly stressed by creative professionals, research and design specialized creative industries are more likely located near universities and research institutes.

Freedom of Speech and Newspaper Excesses

Press has been found to have an impact on the outcome of electoral political campaigns. Press can distort the electorate＇s perception of an objective reality to fulfill the political orientation of its editorial line. This can be achieved in propaganda and in the rhetoric of excess. Within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis （CDA）, this paper has conducted a thematic content analysis to study the rhetoric of excess in the construction of political identity and relations in 100 articles pertaining to two different ideologically oriented Tunisian newspapers, namely Le Maghreb and El Dhamir. The study covered the period from December 26, 2011 to December 26, 2012. Results have shown a low level of impartiality violating Gricean maxims of quality and quantity. This tendency could culminate in violence and undermine the public＇s confidence in the media. Proactive measures of media management are recommended.

Terms and Metaphors in TasawwufDiscourse

This paper treats metaphors and terminology or the discourse of tasawwuf Having in mind that tasawwuf is a discipline developed in the scope of Islamic tradition and that its focus is on the esoteric dimension of the Qur＇an （ta wil）, which relates to the cognition of the highest rank, an approach to such a discourse needs special effort, both intellectual and spiritual. The language of literature belonging to either theoretical or practical tasawwuf is highly symbolic： theoretical tasawwuf deals with ontology and discusses God, world, and human being, while pragmatic tasawwuftries, just as the ethics, to change human being, that is, to ennoble him. Because of its specific way of presentation and its specific discourse, a communication with that discourse is determined by the knowledge of its symbolism, its terminology and, generally, its professional terminology.

Organizational Change and Dynamics of Control： An Analysis of Italian Call Center Workplace

The main goal of the paper is to interpret the concept of organizational change in the perspective of critical management studies, by analyzing both the discourses and the control practices used by management. We aim at denaturalize the concept of change related to transition from a bureaucratic model to a professional （post-bureaucratic） model of the call centers organizational design, showing how these discourses and practices reproduce control systems. For this purpose, two cases study of call center outsourced industry are presented. On one hand, we emphasize the bureaucratic nature of call center A associated with standardization of processes and products and where work is highly controlled and routinised. On the other hand, we observe a different image of call center： call center B can be described as a place where work is customized, workers are considered key resources with higher competences and skills that are able to give customers unique solutions and to give answer to complex questions. We suggest that these ＂new practices＂ and ＂new organizational approaches＂ are merely illusions of change. We argue that in professional model （call center B）, control institutionalized through technology is strengthened and deepened by the use of post-bureaucratic control in shaping organizational behaviors, reproducing a Panopticon structure both in terms of electronic surveillance and in terms of behavioral （self） regulation and discipline

Investigation on Sharp Instrument Injury and Self-Protection of Internship Nursing Students

Objective： To understand the situation of nursing students was stabbed by sharp instrument,in order to provide a scientific basis to take protective measures.Method：By using a self-designed questionnaire.The 100 nursing students were randomly selected from a hospital for retrospective investigation.There are 98 valid data.Results： The data shows that sharp instrument injury is more common in nursing students. Nursing students＇ protection consciousness is low, and protective ability is poor.Conclusion： Nursing students awareness of self- protection to sharp instrument injury is not enough,in order to avoid the risk of infection of nursing students occupation.When they entered the clinics, practice of systematic pre occupation safety education is very necessary;and the school and the hospital should actively implement the management standardized operation regulations;and put up student occupation injury management regulations;to improve the safety performance of nursing equipment.

Spanish Last Names in the Naples Periphery

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the southern part of Italy where Catalonians ruled. Great numbers of Spaniards, principally the Catalonians, headed to that country. This affected the language, and, in turn, the history of people＇s last names. At first, some of the Spanish last names were used as nicknames for Italians. The method 1 used to get the data from primary sources was from spending time in Italy for four consecutive summers and visiting towns in the Naples area while I collected surnames found on houses. The Catalonians came to rule Sardinia, and their language and subsequently Spanish were official on the island. The linguistic influence of Spanish does not stop with surnames. A list of Spanish and Basque surnames which is redolent of the history of southern Italy and Sicily is appended. The geolinguistics interest lies in the way that the study of language, both ordinary words and proper nouns, offers important clues to the lives and movements of people of ages past, reflects political and economic aspects and also explains the ethnic origin of people who live in Sicily and Italy today or are descendants of Italians who have been important immigrants in the Americas, in Australia, and indeed around the world.

Research on Colleges＇ Proper Understanding and Application of Multimedia Technology

Teachers in the colleges and universities bear the responsibility to cultivate high-level expertises with innovative awareness and practical ability. The application of multimedia technology in teaching plays a very important role in the knowledge teaching and capacity building. Teachers should not only thoroughly understand the advantages of multimedia in teaching, but also aware its drawbacks. Only in that case, multimedia technology can be applied correctly to improve their teaching skills and to better serve students and society.

THE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE OF COOPERATIVE ENGLISH TEACHING IN NTU

合作教学作为一种有效的教学方式,20世纪70年代初兴起于美国,80年代—90年代在中国也有实践研究。一名外教和两名中国英语教师于2006年—2007年在宁夏师范学院就《英语国家社会文化》课程进行合作教学实践研究,旨在开阔学生视野,提高学生跨文化意识和小课题研究能力,以及提高教师合作和专业发展能力。实践合作教学如何很好地促进学生学习有效性和教师专业发展,探索合作教学对职前和在职师范教育培训的有效性,合作教学实践和效果检测表明"合作教学"虽有压力和挑战,但能很好地调动学生的学习积极性和主动性,能很好地提高学生的学习自主性,开阔了学生的文化视野,培养了学生跨文化意识和小课题研究能力,尤其是很好地促进了合作教师的协作能力、科研能力和文化洞察力等专业能力发展。结论认为合作教学方式是一种有效的培训方式,值得提倡。